I Catherine Sigodlo ekhatsi Tsarskoye Selo

Bangaphezu kuka-iminyaka engamakhulu amathathu, isakhiwo ngokubabazekayo we Catherine Palace ithatha ingxenye enkulu yomsebenzi Tsarskoye Selo. Emhlabeni esigodlweni welulela okungenani Chic Catherine Park. Naphezu yakhe ukuguga, Catherine Palace namanje kuyabamangaza nge lingakanani, sasinjani nobuhle. Phakathi neminyaka wonke umlando omude wesizwe esigodlweni salandelwa isizukulwane Royals, ukuklanywa nokwakhiwa of abaklami abaningi kakhulu iqhaza.

Petersburg, Palace Catherine. umlando

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu XVIII endaweni lapho kamuva Yakhiwa isigodlo zikanokusho, kwakukhona emzaneni Finnish ngokuthi Saar Manor. Ngo 1710, impahla lezo lalinikelwe ngu-Peter mina ngumkayo esizayo Catherine (uMarta Skavronskaia).

Ngemva ekusungulweni Petersburg ngo-1703, inkosi ayebhekwa esihlalweni ePeterhof, esemgwaqweni ogwini eGulf of Finland, yayakhiwe e 1710. Kodwa ngoba emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka, zonke zombuso eside walithanda Catherine Sigodlo ekhatsi Tsarskoye Selo, futhi esikhathini esiningi wachitha khona. Lesi sigodlo baba sokuhlala olusemthethweni okwamanje.

Ngo 1717, uCatherine uqala ukwakha isigodlo. Ukwakhiwa walethwa wezakhiwo German Braunstein. Ngesikhathi esifanayo yena waba wahlanganyela kule Ensemble yezakhiwo ePeterhof. Qedela umsebenzi isakhiwo e 1724, umkhosi omkhulu lahlelwa lesi senzakalo. "Stone Chamber" - yigama a ezimbili storey inxuluma Catherine I.

Kabusha isigodlo Elizabeth

Elizaveta Petrovna waba umnikazi omusha kwamakamelo isigodlo 1741. Ngokusho imiyalelo yakhe ekupheleni 1742 umakhi Zemtsov iyaqala wokwakha kabusha ithempeli kodwa ngokushesha kokufa kwakhe akusho liqalise icebo lakhe. Ukuze usebenze emva bakhangwa abaklami abavelele ezifana Kvasov A. V, nomsizi wakhe Trezzini e 1745 - Chevakinsky SI

Ngo 1752, umsebenzi bakhangwa umakhi omkhulu Rastrelli. Elizabeth yanquma ukushintsha ngokuphelele ukubukeka esigodlweni, ngoba ayebheka ke amancane uyisidala. Kwakuthinta ngemva kwalokhu umsebenzi wokuvuselela izakhiwo wokuvelela, eyathatha iminyaka emine, wazalwa enhle, yesimanje Catherine Palace, akumangalisi nathi lisebukhazikhazini balo namuhla. Isethulo izivakashi zakwamanye amazwe kanye nezicukuthwane labetibambile Julayi 30, 1756. Grand isakhiwo ubude 325 amamitha wamshaya izivakashi nge esikalini yayo kanye nobuhle.

Ubuhle charm Catherine Palace

Kuze kube manje, i-zonke izivakashi ezifika Petersburg, Palace Catherine yisithiyo uhlu ezikhangayo kwasekuqaleni. Kuyini wamangala kakhulu ngesikhathi kuvulwa le zikanokusho esigodlweni misebenzi futhi lezimanga kuze kube manje?

Ikhono kwaba isakhiwo Baroque. Usayizi bodwa, njengoba kushiwo: Isigodlo engadini welula kanye ubude umugqa futhi 325 metres, ubuhle, ubukhazikhazi, ubunjalo izakhiwo akekho kuze kube manje ungashiyi ngabandayo.

Olungaphambili lwesonto eyenziwe umbala azure, amakholomu ezimhlophe, segolide nomhlobiso enamathiselwe esigodlweni ukubukeka zemikhosi. Charm olukhethekile lwesonto isakhiwo waliqokomisa Atlantean izibalo, emaceleni. North Isakhiwo esigodlweni ethwele ezinhlanu zegolide domes yesonto, ebiyelwe eningizimu has phambi kwendlu bese embhoshongweni nge mnogokonechnoy inkanyezi. Lapho u-Elizabethe kwaba esinezitezi ezintathu isigodlo, ngesikhathi esifanayo e kwesango lenkosi ehlotshisiwe monogram abadumile uvele ngesimo "E mina».

Ayikho amafulethi muhle kangako kodwa wezangaphakathi, ezakhiwe Rastrelli phrojekthi. Nemikhosi ixazululwe lonke ubude esigodlweni. Yonke phambi suite ukuthi ngesineke ezitsheni eyayibhalwe.

Ngokushesha eduze esontweni ngeSonto elise Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum. It wafunda izingane onekhono, kuhlanganise Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin. Ukuze kuhlonishwe wakhe phakathi nokubusa kwamaSoviet futhi uqambe kabusha Tsarskoye Selo.

Catherine Palace eSt

Ekupheleni kwekhulu XVIII Catherine umxhwele bokwakhiwa lasendulo. I Catherine Sigodlo ekhatsi Tsarskoye Selo phakathi nokubusa uCatherine II, ngasinda kabusha sokugcina. Ukuze umsebenzi uye waqasha uchwepheshe endala - umakhi Charles Cameron waseScotland. Nguye owadala Palace Blue, amakamelo Isiliva, Arabesque, Lyons yabagibeli, isiShayina Hall kanye ekamelweni lokudlela Dome. I Interiors, adalwe Cameron, wagcizelela isitayela zamandla eyinkimbinkimbi, ubuhle isimanga kanye imfihlakalo sekugcineni.

Ngenxa yalokhu wezakhiwo efanayo Catherine Palace aluthola Chinese Blue Umdwebo Room, ngaphambili okwesibhakabhaka, itafula oluhlaza. Aye ifakwe ngqo Pavel Petrovich - indodana uCatherine II nomkakhe ahloniphekile, njengoba babezohlala zikleliswe ngoba bamgwaza futhi ofitsiantskaya.

Ngo-1817, eholwa ngu-Alexander I umakhi Stasov wadala ehhovisi Front ngamagumbi eziningana elakhelene ofanele ngomsebenzi. Zonke lezi amakamelo ziye ahlotshiswe isitayela anikezelwe ukunqoba lodumo empini kanye nabakhulu uMbusi Napoleon.

iminyaka 1860-1863, Palace Catherine ngasinda, mhlawumbe, zinyanga isigaba enkulu ekwakhiweni kanye wokwakha kabusha. Ngaba matasa umsebenzi umakhi Monighetti. Ezitebhisini main lwesigodlo seyenziwe e isitayela "Rococo yesibili".

Kuze kube ngo-1910 i-Catherine Isigodlo Tsarskoye Selo wawaziwa ngokuthi i-Great.

Tours we Isigodlo

Ngaphambi wonke abavakashele Tsarskoye Selo, Catherine Palace uvele njengoba isimangaliso ukukhanya. Ngokudlula Interiors evamile yesimanje (turnstiles, izitolo ezidayisa izinto eziyizikhumbuzo, amahhovisi), izivakashi ngokuqinisekile bazithola ngaphezulu noma Sobukhosi Room. Ubukhulu balo umxhwele kakhulu: obuphelele - 47 metres, ububanzi - 18. Lokhu ihholo elikhulu kunawo wonke phakathi kwazo zonke izigodlo Petersburg. Ceiling Umdwebo ukuthi ihlanganisa wonke ophahleni libonisa kungukufanekisa Ngokuchichima, Ukuthula, Sailing, Victory Nempi, Ubuciko kanye nesayensi. Ahlotshiswe ngesitayela kwezobuciko, amapulangwe aphansi edonsela unaphakade nhla ukwazi.

Amakamelo namafasitela amakhulu, sengathi ukuba babe nobunye futhi ukuhambisa komunye. Ngakho ezihambayo, ungavakashela Isiliva, Blue amakamelo, Arabesque, Lyons yabagibeli, igumbi Chinese, ekamelweni lokudlela Dome, igumbi Ofitsiantskuyu, bamgwaza, elaklanywa Charles Cameron. Ngokukhethekile kunikezwa ongaqondakali ufuna Amber Room.

I-Amber Room. Umlando sokudalwa

Ngo 1716 the iNkosi yasePrussia ethulwa isipho Tsar uPetru panel inhlaka, okuyinto baphuthunyiswe Petersburg. Catherine Palace kuyathuthuka kuphela nje 1755. Amber Igumbi ngokwayo Kuthi bebakhulu panel ndawo, futhi Umbusikazi uCatherine II ngo 1763 ngaphambilini Ochwepheshe German ngoba izindengezi ezingeziwe amber panel. Ngenxa yalezi zinjongo, kwathatha kg amber 450. Umbono wakhe wokugcina omkhulu we Room Amber usezuze e 1770. A mural omkhulu wathatha imikhakha emithathu. Central ukuze ahlanganise wamatshana esibonisa allegories izinzwa ezinhlanu. Ikamelo ukuthi uphahlwe imisebenzi yezwe emihle kunayo yonke imikhiqizo inhlaka, eyayihunyushwe wasebenza amakhosi best of XVII-XVIII eminyaka.

I-Amber Igumbi ekhulwini XX

Amber izingxenye ethambile panel zidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile futhi ukwelashwa ngokucophelela. Phakathi nempi kwathiwa ukudlalwa isiphetho Amber Room indima ebulalayo. Ukongiwa engcono egumbini ngesikhathi sibaleka awuzange wathinta, yena wasala ku Catherine Palace. AmaJalimane sebelithathile ke eKönigsberg. Phakathi nempi, Room Amber seliphelile. Beka phambili izinguqulo eziningana nokulahleka kwakhe, ngalinye elikwazi kubonakala ozwakalayo.

Ngo-2003, e-Catherine Palace Amber Room iye kabusha i weminyaka engu 300th Petersburg. Iminyaka engaphezulu kwamashumi we abasebenzi, ezazihlanganisa restorers 20, izazi-mlando, osokhemisi criminalists wasebenza ukubuyisela wobuciko ekuphileni. Isetshenziswa ukusebenza Kaliningrad inhlaka, okuyinto Welashwa nge ubuchwepheshe ekhethekile. Manje Reborn Amber Igumbi kwaba waphinda litholakale emphakathini. Nokho, lapho mina obekulahlekile ke ngomklamo wokuqala? Imfihlakalo uhlala ezingaxazululeki.