I-acid ye-phosphatidic. Ukusebenzisana nencazelo emzimbeni

Kusukela ekubukeni kwesakhiwo samakhemikhali, i-phosphatidic acid yi-phospholipid elula.

Lesi sici singesinye sezigaba ezisezingeni eliphakathi kwe-metabolism ye-phosphoglycerides emzimbeni ophilayo.

Leli klasi lezinto linikezwa kakhulu ekutadisheni imisebenzi yempawu yamakhemikhali.

Kuze kube manje, akuzona zonke izixhumanisi ekusetshenzisweni kwe-acabilism ye-phosphatidic acids ecacile, ikakhulukazi, umbuzo wendlela yokudluliswa kwesignali ngalezi zinhlanganisela, kanye nokutholakala kwempahla ye-ionophore ku-phosphatidic acid, isacatshangelwa.

Ukwenziwa kwe-achosphatidic acid

Ukwakhiwa kwe-phosphatidic acid kwenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya le-phospholipase D. Leli klasi lama-enzyme linendima ehamba phambili ekuhlanganisweni kwama-achos phosphatidic. Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi yamakhemikhali emifushane, kamuva le nto engaphansi kwethonya le-phosphohydrolase i-hydrolyzed ukuze i-diglyceride (ngenxa yesenzo se-dephosphorylation).

Uma uxhumana ne-enzyme efanayo, i-phosphatidic acid ingashintshwa ibe i-diacylglycerol, eyenza umsebenzi we-activator we-protein kinase C enzyme emjikelezweni wokuphendula kwezinto eziphilayo.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-phosphatidic acid kwenzeka emathangeni adipose. Le nqubo iqala ngama-adipocyte (amafutha amathishu amafutha) ama-fatty acids akhiwa ngenxa ye-hydrolysis yamafutha (ikakhulukazi aphansi kakhulu amapoprotein). Ngaphakathi kwamaseli, ukusebenzisana ne-glycerol-tri-phosphate, ama-acids acids aqala ukuguqulwa abe i-lysophosphatidic acid, lapho i-phosphatidic acid isakhiwa ngayo.

I-formula eyenziwe kuyo i-glycerophospholipids iqukethe izinsalela ze-phosphoric and fatty acids, i-glycerin, kanye ne-nitrogen-equkethe ama-residu ase-acid.

Inani le-phosphatidic acid

Kuye kwasungulwa ukuthi i-phosphatidic acid ingokwama-compounds okuthiwa yi-signaling, okungukuthi, ukuthi athwala umsebenzi wabalamuli phakathi kokudluliswa kolwazi emigwaqeni yokubonisa. Ikakhulu, kuyisixhumanisi esikhiye ekudlulisweni kwezibonakaliso ezilandelayo esitokisini sesitshalo:

• I-cytokinin;
• Osmotic, ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni izimpendulo zamaselula kulolu hlobo lokucindezeleka.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwaboniswa ukuthi izinga laleli qembu kumaseli ezinhlobo zezitshalo ngaphansi kwethonya lezinto eziphilayo zanda kakhulu. Ukusabela okunjalo kubangelwa ngu:

• Ukucindezeleka kwe-Osmotic.
• Ukuvezwa kwamazinga okushisa aphansi.
• Ithonya lezinto ezithile ezisebenzayo eziphilayo ezithatha isitshalo (phytohormones).

Ngakho-ke, kungaphetha ngokuthi i-phosphatidic acid nama-metabolite ayo ahlanganyela ekubunjeni kokuphendula okuhambisana nokuguqula isimo semvelo ezimo ezicindezelayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwaziwa ukuthi i-phosphatidic acid iyadingeka ekuthuthweni kwe-proton ne-calcium ions ngokusebenzisa izibilini ze-neurons ne-muscle fibers. Ukuqhubeka kulokhu, i-phosphoric acid nayo ibhekwa umsebenzi we-ionophore (ngokukhetha: i-calcium ne-proton ions).

Indlela yokuguqulwa

Naphezu kokuthi inhloso ye-phosphatidic acid isungulwa, indlela (indlela) yokudluliselwa kwesignali isacubungulwa futhi idinga ukucaciswa.

Kodwa-ke, akungabazeki ukuthi ukuguqulwa kungenxa yekhono le-phosphatidic acid, eliphazamisa isakhiwo se-cell membrane, elawula umsebenzi we-membrane enzymes, futhi nokubandakanyeka ekusebenzisaneni nama-cell membrane wamanqamuzana emaprotheni.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-phosphatidic acid

Ukuhlolwa komsebenzi we-antioxidant we-phosphatidic acid derivatives, okwenziwe kokubili ekucwaningweni kwezinqubo ze-model kanye nokubandakanya izinto zezinto eziphilayo, kubonise ukuthi okuthiwa ama-mimetics we-phosphatidic acid anezinhlobonhlobo zezenzo ze-antioxidant.

Ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nokuqondiswa kwesenzo se-phosphatidic acid kwenza kube lula ukuyisebenzisa kanye nama-metabolites alo ekukhiqizeni izinto eziphilayo ezisebenzayo eklanyelwe ukuthuthukisa amandla okusebenza nokukhuthazela kwamaseli omzimba.

Ukusebenza ezingeni lamaselula, lezo zinhlanganisela azikhuthazi, kodwa zivame ukwenza umsebenzi wamaseli kuphela; Lephuzu elibalulekile linciphisa amathuba okuba nemiphumela emibi emibi.