Ezikhangayo esemqoka Antarctica

Antarctica - yezindawo emangalisayo kunalo lonke eMhlabeni. Lapho ebusuku idonsa izinyanga eziyisithupha ngonyaka, ebusika - ayisishiyagalolunye. Kuyinto insimu kuphela okuqondene akekho: akukho hulumeni, akukho abaphathi kanye nezikhungo zomphakathi - ukwenza lutho, lokho zisetshenziselwa ezwekazini thina. Lutho kodwa iziteshi ucwaningo lwesayensi. Lokhu kukodwa kuwufanele ukuvakashela izinto Antarctica.

Kodwa njengoba uhambo kuze kube sekupheleni kwezwe kuzothatha isikhathi esiningi, futhi kumnandi akuyona ezishibhile, ezingabizi kungaba inombolo encane kakhulu yabantu. Nokho, leso akusona isizathu ukuze kukhawulwe ngelukuluku lakhe futhi ukuphika ngokwakho ithuba lokuhlola ezikhangayo esemqoka Antarctica. Izithombe amagama nezincazelo kuyokusiza ukuba ukucabanga leli zwe ezineqhwa njengoba ngokucace kakhudlwana ngangokunokwenzeka.

indawo

Antarctica-Greek ihumusha ngokuthi "indawo phambi kwe-Arctic." Itholakala e-South Pole, futhi ihlanganisa indawo engaba 2 izikhathi ephakeme kunaleyo Australia, nezikhathi nengxenye kunangendlela Europe. isakhiwo sayo, ngaphandle lase-Antarctica, kuhlanganisa namanje iziqhingi eziningi ezungezile. Peter mina,. Anvers obakhathalelayo. Adelaide obakhathalelayo. Alexander, South Shetland Islands. Territory ezwekazini yaqanjwa ubuntu zomlando namaphayona: Robertson Land, Kemp Land, Princess Elizabeth Land, Land kukaWilliam nabanye.

Cishe yonke indawo e-Antarctic futhi kuphela ezindaweni ice-iboshwe ewumngcingo angasogwini nasemaxhaphozini iziqhingi, iziqongo emikhulu transantarctic ezintabeni amahhala ice. Kulezi ice waphetha 80% stock amanzi ahlanzekile kuyo yonke Earth.

indawo isayensi

Ngo-1820, wathatha uhambo Russian eholwa Bellingshausen futhi Lazarev wathola Antarctica, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi iminyaka ecishe ibe ngu ezingamakhulu amabili, ososayensi emhlabeni wonke ngokuqhubeka ufunda ezwekazini. Disemba 1, 1959 senziwa isivumelwane, okwakuyothi ngaphansi kwawo-Antarctica saziwa endaweni kuphela ngokwesayensi futhi awukwazi bangabanye yisiphi isimo esithile. On insimu yalo abasebenza US ososayensi, Russia, China, Japan, Germany, eChile. Inzalo enkulu ngaso sonke isikhathi ngifuna indlela yokululama entsha amandla, okuyinto yavama kuleli zwe, ngokuvumelana abacwaningi. Ngo ingaphakathi kwakhona ezifakwa ocebile uwoyela, igesi, amalahle kanye namalahle, kanye izinsimbi eziyigugu.

sezulu

Antarctica neze ukhululekile ngoba indawo yokuhlala - ngisho ehlobo lokushisa air akazidluli 0, futhi ebusika izinyanga angehla -89 degrees. Yingakho sabantu unomphela lapha.

Isibalo izakhamizi phezu abacwaningi ezwekazini zokhahlamba kusuka 1,000 ebusika ukuze 4,000 ehlobo. Kodwa njalo kukhona izivakashi, bemagange ukubona izinto Antarctica. Isizini ukuvakashela kuvula ngoNovemba futhi iphela ngo-March - lwenyanga lapho ihlobo liqala ezwekazini.

Umbuso ice okuphakade

Yini edonsela abantu bazo zonke emhlabeni wonke kule, abandayo, onqenqemeni eliyincithakalo ayenomoya? Okokuqala, it is a umoya ekhetheke kakhulu: izakhamuzi elingavamile ezinabantu abaningi ezweni ukuthula, umbukwane ubuhle obukhulu bomthombo Northern Lights, zeqhwa ngokubabazekayo futhi ezinzima nezilwane esiyingqayizivele. Ekuqaleni, ukuphela kwendawo Emhlabeni lapho abantu ngqo asondele amandla cosmic - kuyinto Antarctica.

Okubonwayo ezinikeza lapha ukuvakashela izivakashi ngaphezulu asebenzayo, kungenzeka ukwenza intaba ekhuphuka,-scuba diving, i-kayaking (lwasolwandle kanye cwaningo kwezinguzunga zeqhwa okwakungokokuqala ngqá ngezikebhe - kayaks), Ukushushuluza, ukukhempa ngisho kungenzeka. Kukhona ekhethekile photo izinkambo, lapho ungase ukwazi ukuletha lenqwaba izithombe ezijabulisayo. Yiqiniso, uma ufuna ukuhlola ezikhangayo Antarctica, kuyodingeka bakhokhe ngoba isamba esikhulu. Ukuvakashela izinsuku 13-18 izobiza okungenani eziyinkulungwane 10 zamaRandi.

Izivakashi eziningi beze lapha noma kufika imikhumbi ukuthi isuke osogwini olusenyakatho-South African, New Zealand, e-Argentina nase-Australia, noma ngendiza esuka eNingizimu Afrika neChile.

Emkhakheni penguins nolwandle izingonyama

South Shetland Islands - ngokuvamile into yokuqala enikeza izivakashi zayo i-Antarctica. Izikhangibavakashi kule ndawo + ngampela ingu-obumangalisayo. Zakhiwa archipelagos 11 ezinkulu kanye eziningi ezincane. Lena ingxenye efudumele kakhulu futhi zinomswakama zaleli zwekazi. Nansi zahlukahlukene kakhulu isilwane emhlabeni. Clumsy emhlabathini penguins emangalisayo ngomusa, zamanzi ezinoboya, ukhuluphele sea izingonyama ezitholakala abayenzayo. Kodwa wozawoza kuyinto Ukukhohliswa Isiqhingi (zihunyushelwe izindlela Russian "Isiqhingi Yokukhohliswa"). Kuyinto intabamlilo yokuqothulwa, okwaphumela ukuqhuma bakha indandatho enkulu avaliwe.

Phakathi kwezihlabathi mlilo kungenza ngisho cwilisa in the hot ezishisayo. Labo abafuna Ungavakashela futhi omunye iziteshi ucwaningo, omsebenzi wakhe uzinikele ekutadisheni penguins.

Ugwadule eqhweni

Uzoba kukumangaze ukwazi ukuthi indawo driest emhlabeni kufihliwe phakathi amanzi ayiqhwa. McMurdo Dry izigodi wayazi imvula izigidi zeminyaka. Umhlaba yakhululwa cap ice, ihlanganisa smorzshiysya ukuba isihlabathi Stone State. isivinini emoyeni ovunguzayo lapha ongafinyelela angu-320 ngehora. Imibandela ezigodini ezintathu - Victoria, Wright futhi Taylor - eduze ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze izimo on Mars ukuthi osomkhathi zisebenzisa ukulungiselela indiza. Kwelinye amachibi-bacterium engaziwa zitholiwe, okwathi ngemva kwalokho abacwaningi bakwazi okokuqala empendulweni ngoyebo umbuzo: "Ingabe ikhona impilo on Mars?".

Izigodi ezomile afakiwe endaweni yokuqala ohlwini, okuhlanganisa i-Antarctica ezikhangayo. Izithombe nezincazelo zalezi zindawo uzothola kunoma iyiphi Umhlahlandlela self-ukuhlonipha ukuze diving ngoba namachibi zitholakala ezindaweni zakhona - lena godsend kulabo abasebenza ukuhlola izwe ngaphansi kwamanzi. Nokho, ukuze uthole ngaphansi ungqimba ice ngisho simple, kusukela Uhlonze lwalo imayelana 3 metres. abatshuzi abanolwazi kufanele usebenzise iziqhumane ngaphambi diving ezweni Amazing yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene.

zokungcebeleka okuyimfihlakalo Antarctica: Igazi Falls

On endaweni eyomile izigodi kuba omunye izinto ezithakazelisa kunazo - Igazi Falls. Uma iso lakho lengqondo selivele wadweba isithombe amakhaza e umoya Edgar Allan Poe, noma benza ucabangani mayelana le nganekwane wasendulo ngokugeza egazini izisulu lemimoya lasendulo-ke, njengoba ngaso sonke isikhathi okwenzekayo empeleni, iqiniso liwukuthi prosaic okuningi, kodwa akukho esingaphansi ezithakazelisayo. Nakuba imibukiso empeleni ngempela okwesabisayo.

Uma unquma ukuhlola izinto Antarctica, kufanele nakanjani ukubona Igazi Falls. Zitholakale lapho ngo-1911 ngu-Griffith Taylor, i Umcwaningi wase-Australia. Wayekholelwa ukuthi obomvu umbala amanzi exhunywe ulwelwe, etholakala ezansi. Noma kunjalo, ucwaningo olwengeziwe luye lwabonisa ukuthi yonke into e izilokazane ezincane ezihlala kuleli chibi. Ngezinye amamitha angu-400, elingenalo izakhi evamile futhi ilanga ukujula, baye babhekana ngokuphumelelayo ukuze uthole konke okudingayo aphume sulfites wena, okuyinto abacebile amanzi anosawoti. Sulfite - kuyinto yensimbi, okuyinto zihlangana nomoya-mpilo is oxidized, enika amanzi umbala ibuthuntu. Lesi yisibonelo kakhulu ukuthi izinto eziphilayo bayakwazi ukuzivumelanisa siphila ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu.

Umlondolozi South Pole

Kukhona njalo izimangaliso kwembule izinto Antarctica! Izithombe amagama ayinhloko uthola on izimali eziningi ezizinikele kuleli zwe icebound. Qiniseka ukuthi uhlole esinye oluyimfihlakalo kunalo lonke - Erebus intabamlilo. Ukwakheka lava ichitha uhluka kakhulu kusukela iqhuma nezinye izintaba-mlilo, elise ezwekazini. Lena akuyona umehluko kuphela. Empeleni, engavamile kuwo wonke. Okokuqala, Erebus ayilokothi ilale. izintaba-mlilo eziningi amanga ithule amakhulu eminyaka ngaphambi zingena ezibilinini zakhe abilayo lava ngenkathi Erebus ihlala isebenza. Okwesibili, it has asemigodini ezimbili - owodwa ngaphakathi kwezinye. Temperature etholakala isimo ukupholisa we magma, Itholakala kwangempela lapho ifinyelela 900 degrees Celsius.

abathandi Izikhangibavakashi nalabo abanentshisekelo ubuhle obumangalisayo bemvelo bayokwazisa ezikhangayo-Antarctica. Incazelo emfishane esinikezwe kulesi sihloko kungenziwa kuphela avuse ilukuluku yabo futhi ibenze uhambo crazy kule onqenqemeni ezimangelengele futhi ekhangayo. Igama ezwekazini ngaphandle isizathu uvumelane ne-Atlantis wasenganekwaneni - lapha yonke into ihlelwe kahle into efana lonke Earth wethu. Ugcwele izimfihlakalo izimfihlo ukuthi imvelo kuye ayibone esembozweni sawo obandayo futhi ngokuphephile esakhiwe ngaphansi.