ESI uhlelo - idokhumenti ngogesi. Incazelo, imfundo kanye impendulo

ESI (Electronic Yokunikezelana Data) e ukuhumusha kusuka English lisho "idatha impambano electronic". Ngaphambi kwakukhona leliqhinga, ubudlelwane ukuhweba isishintshe eside yentuthuko. Noma yimuphi inkampani iye yanquma ukuba wenze ngokuvumelana ifomu ezinjalo imibhalo ukudluliselwa ukuze bakwazi ukusebenza nawo wonke amalungu uhlelo. ngempela zidinga ukufakwa ESI-gateway ye-e-ibhizinisi for inqubo enjalo.

Kungani lolu hlobo zokuxhumana?

ESI uhlelo uyakwazi ukuthi abelane ngolwazi commercial uhlamvu (oda, okulethiwe, okwamukelwayo, nokunye. D.). Lokhu kunomthelela nokubambisana okusheshayo phakathi izinkampani emkhakheni ubudlelwane ukuhweba. Electronic Yokunikezelana Idatha libhekisela ubuchwepheshe ezintsha.

Izinzuzo EDI

ESI ukuhleleka kuka uhlelo kunezinzuzo eziningana:

• Zonke izenzo abazenzi ngezinga othomathikhi, ngaphandle ukubambezeleka amaphutha, njengoba kuqhathaniswa ngesandla kokufaka imibhalo.
• Ukusetshenziswa izinqubo ezenzakalelayo kuphula ijubane nokunemba ukuqoqwa idatha ezidingekayo futhi kwenza izinkampani ukugxila izimpikiswano ezinkulu hhayi imicikilisho.
• Noma yimuphi umthengisi, umphakeli noma Logistics Inkampani ithwala uxhumano eyodwa kuphela. Ngakho, inikezwe ithuba okungenamkhawulo ukuxhumana izindleko sakugcina kubo bonke abahlanganyeli. Uma lokhu acabangele ezimali zabo izinhlelo, kunyatheliswa amakhophi amadokhumende nabantu abaqeqeshiwe.
• ESI isistimu ingakwazi ukuxazulula izingxabano lapho omunye umlingani ungibelesela ngokuthi i-oda yakho ithunyelwe kubo, kanye nezinye - ukuthi akazange yithole. Lesi simo ezivamile. Kulokhu, uhlelo uloba yonke imisebenzi futhi bakwazi ukunikeza ukwaziswa okuningiliziwe isenzo esithile nge imibhalo. Lokhu kunomthelela isixazululo ngokushesha ukungqubuzana.

Oqinisekisa ubuqiniso imibhalo?

ESI - Electronic Data Interchange System. EYurophu lehla ngokushesha inani isofthiwe salo yisiboniso ubuqiniso wonke amadokhumenti edabula ke. Mbumbulu engenakwenzeka. Uma iziphathimandla zentela unesithakazelo imininingwane imibiko ethile, kufaka ne-VAT inkomba, yonke idatha kungenziwa ekhishwe simiso ingobo yomlando electronic. Kwesokudla ukuqhuba imisebenzi nge imibhalo ku-elektroniki kunokuba ifomu iphepha eqondiswa ezingeni zomthetho.

Isibonelo ukubala kahle usebenzisa EDI

Uyini leveli yokuphelela ka EDI yesistimu? izibonelo Ukubalwa kukhona isiqinisekiso engokomfanekiso.

Kulula ucacise lokho isibalo sezivumelwano ezahlukene phezu exchange kuyadingeka ukuphetha bazibandakanye endabeni ethile:

• sibalo elandelayo osebenza abahlanganyeli eziyisithupha: N = 6 x (6-1) / 2 = 15.
• Ukuze 100 abantu ubambisana ukubala osebenza: N = 100 x (100-1) / 2 = 4450.

Nge ukwanda isibalo iqhaza ukwandisa izinombolo ukwandisa exponentially.

Inani labasebenzisi ilingana nenani okwenziwe exchange, umlingani ngamunye izenzo ngokuhambisana nemithetho iyunifomu futhi ukhiqiza uxhumano kuya ekubeni inkundla ezivamile. Kule ndaba indlela nabanye abahlinzeki kuba ngokuphelele ngeke nesithakazelo. ESI umhlinzeki unesibopho konke ngokwakhe nezindinganiso ezithile nezokuxhumana.

Thina uqhubekele ukuhlaziya kahle kwezomnotho. Njengoba isizathu sithatha inethiwekhi ukusatshalaliswa ukuthi ithumela oda 4,000 ngenyanga. yokucubungula i-oda senzeka ngesandla for isigamu sehora. ESI ngekhompuyutha uyakwazi ukukwenza ngemva kwemizuzu emihlanu. Uma inhlangano ukuhweba inezinkulungwane nabathengisi, ngisho-yehora yesikhathi alondolozwa umlingani ngamunye unikeza yi abalulekile.

Yini abasebenzisi cabanga idivayisi ezifana isimiso ESI? idokhumenti Electronic libuyekeza udumo. Amalungu baphikisa ngokuthi ukusebenza kwe-wesifunda kuyinto ukucaciseleka ezahlukene kanye nezinkinga. Ngaphandle ezifana uhlelo kungaba nzima ukuqhuba ibhizinisi ibhizinisi ezweni lanamuhla, lapho zonke ukubalwa ngomzuzu.

ESI abahlinzeki eRussia

Ngokwesibonelo, ifomu commercial kohlelo ezweni lethu kungenzeka ngenxa ekhona ngolwazi oluhumushiwe exchange indinganiso electronic ezingeni EANCOM. Futhi isebenza ulwazi isakhiwo global, abahlinzeki besevisi wendawo kanye nenkampani, ukuthatha ukuqinisekisa ukuqaliswa zonke exchange electronic amaphrojekthi imibhalo.

Ngo-2004, iKomiti ngokuba ECR-Rus ubuchwepheshe ithenda owawuse, okwaphumela izinkampani ezikhethiwe ukuthi banelungelo ukuqinisekisa nezinsiza ukuze exchange ngomshini amadokhumenti. IKomiti uhlose njalo ukwandisa isibalo abahlinzeki. Umbandela main lapho ekhetha ubuchwepheshe ukuhamba enkonzweni ESI, futhi intengo amasevisi anikezwa kubasebenzisi.

Injongo eyinhloko yawo ECR-Rus ukusetshenziswa ESI uhlelo ubuchwepheshe hhayi kuphela emkhakheni amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi.

IKomiti siyisivumelwano nazo zonke abahlinzeka ngemisebenzi, okuyinto eyenza ukuqapha nokusekelwa izindinganiso izinga eyisisekelo eyasungulwa ECR-Rus.

abahlinzeki izibopho

Abahlinzeki of ESI izinhlelo ziyadingeka ukuhambisa outsource siqu oyiyo IT futhi ahlinzeke umsebenzisi ukufinyelela ukucutshungulwa, okuyinto has ezingeni lelisetulu ukusebenza nokuthembeka. amasevisi uhlelo kungatholakali unyaka wonke futhi nganoma isiphi isikhathi sosuku.

Ngokungafani isakhiwo IT izinkampani eziningi, processing isikhungo ukunikeza ungaphazanyiswa ugesi nge ugesi, Ukuvikelwa egqinsiwe ngokumelene nokugenca, iqinisekisa ukuphepha ulwazi nganoma yisiphi eziyimbangela yezinkinga ezizuzwa. Isikhathi lapho idokhumenti budluliselwe kusuka kwelinye iphuzu eya kwelinye, akufanele budlule amaminithi 10.

Umhlinzeki unesibopho ijubane isevisi kuqinisekisa ukuthumela imiyalezo futhi uhlole kubo ngephutha. Ngakho abahlinzeki ukuxhumana ku-intanethi, futhi axhumane ngokuqondile phakathi abasebenzisi liqinisekiswa inethiwekhi umsebenzi ezengeziwe (VAN).

Ngokungafani imodeli yasekhaya usebenzisa uhlelo le-European

ESI - Electronic Data Interchange System. Kanjani leli qhinga eRussia? Ukusetshenziswa ESI ezweni lakithi ngokuyisisekelo ukuhluka onobuhle European futhi American. Kula mazwe, ifomu uvele 70s kwekhulu elidlule, futhi lishumekwe wethu iminyaka engu-20. Ngakho-ke, abahlinzeki ukunikela uxhumano izinhlelo ezihlukahlukene, okuyinto sincike ezingeni IT kule nkampani, ivolumu kwemibhalo odluliselwe namathuluzi okuxhumana. Lokhu kuvumela inkampani ngayinye ukuze baxazulule izinkinga zabo indlela engcono kakhulu. Kuyadingeka ukuba afeze ukuhlanganiswa accounting uhlelo lwayo, futhi abe ngumnikazi esibonakalayo web ozoqinisekisa exchange of imibhalo zasemsebenzini yakho.

izinkinga ezihlukahlukene futhi izixazululo zabo zidinga amazinga ehlukene uxhumano ne service. Ukusebenza ezweni lethu ukhonte izinkampani ezinkulu kanye nabalingani ezincane - abahlinzeki kanye namakhasimende.

Ekuqaleni, abanye amafemu nge inzuzo enkudlwana, benesithakazelo kangaka ngokubambisana neNhlangano ESI umhlinzeki, ukunikela kwakhe ukuthengiselana nokukhokhwa counterparties zabo zihamba ngezindleko zazo, noma ukwethula imali ongaphakeme ngenyanga ukusetshenziswa kwenethiwekhi.

Izidingo Eziyisisekelo for abahlinzeki besevisi

izidingo zamakhasimende abo zibekiwe isivumelwano esibhaliwe. Ikhombisa isikhathi okusebenzela kuyo inkonzo, ukwesekwa, Ngempendulo yesicelo iklayenti, uxazulule. Fixed nezinye amaphuzu abalulekile.

Ngokuvamile, abahlinzeki anikele ezihlukahlukene uxhumano imidvwebo ohlelweni, kanye amazinga ehlukene, okuncike ezingeni isevisi yenethiwekhi.

izidingo Client kungaba ebanzi kakhulu kunenani amalungiselelo main eyasungulwa ECR-Rus.

Ngokwesibonelo, izinkampani ezinkulu badinga isikhathi isiqinisekiso kwencwadi, ukukhuthazwa kwama imilayezo, okuyinto kulinganiselwa ngeke ikwazi ukubekezela imizuzu, namasekhondi. Kusolwa ukuthi umlayezo owodwa izothunyelwa akukho kuka 10-20 imizuzwana.

Izidingo Eziyisisekelo for abahlinzeki besevisi zihlanganisa:

• ukwesekwa zonke izinhlobo ukudluliswa;
• ongaphakeme izindleko isamba ubunikazi;
• nokuvikeleka lapho yokuxhuma;
• ukusebenzelana nabalingani;
• lula ukufakwa kanye ukucushwa;
• ukudluliswa kuhlaziywe kwemibhalo nge inethiwekhi;
• Ukuhumusha amaphepha avela komunye format kwesinye;
• okusheshayo of abalingani ebhizinisini ikhasimende;
• kwasendaweni nokuthuthukiswa software ESI;
• kokubonisana amasevisi, ukuqeqeshwa, kanye nokuthuthukisa izixazululo ohlelweni;
• technical support kubasebenzisi.

I degree of ingozi uma usebenzisa uhlelo

Ngisho noma kukhona umphakeli okunokwethenjelwa emkhakheni amasevisi ESI, kungase kube nezinguquko ezithile yangaphakathi. Ngokwesibonelo, izinkampani eziningi Russian ukusebenzisa amakhodi yangaphakathi, ngaphandle asebenzise ukusetshenziswa GLN-ikhodi.

Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-EDI ukuthola lezi amakhodi bese ufaka kubo ohlelweni. Ingozi ESI ukuqaliswa luncike ezingeni IT. Lapho Scrappy ezishintshayo usongo bayakuza bevela yokuntuleka efanele accounting system.

Izingozi abathengisi izinkampani ezinkulu ezihlobene ne kabi ESI emakethe asethuthukile. Isithiyo ukuthuthukiswa ngumlayo, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umthetho odluliselwe ukuthi yogesi. Izinkampani tekwenta libhizinisi elaseRussia bebophekile ukulondoloza yonke imibhalo wabulawelwa ephepheni. Ozakwethu ezifundeni besabe elekthronikhi yokwenza izinto, bhunkula it, ngaphandle kokuba kuncike umthengisi.

Izindleko EDI

Njengoba for izindleko, uhlelo ESI akukwazi kubasebenzisi bomgwaqo, njengoba yakhelwe nokwandisa Logistics izindleko. Nokho, izinkampani ezincane, kanye lobu buchwepheshe kungase kubonakale kakhulu, uma kungukuthi esetshenziswa nokubambisana IT, ibhizinisi labo akuhlukile olususwe. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi amafemu enjalo bayothola izinzuzo imali uma usebenzisa electronic amarekhodi exchange uhlelo.

Yini ehlanganisiwe ingqalasizinda?

Ingqalasizinda kuhlanganisa-dial-up, ikhebuli imigqa, amanethiwekhi. -Inthanethi ukuthuthukiswa e-ububanzi inikeza ezihlukahlukene zokuxhumana evulekile (BITNET, et al.) Futhi amanethiwekhi naphakathi-ezikhethekile (ESI-Express General Electric, IBM Imininingwane Exchange Network). Kube kwakwandile backbone kumanethiwekhi kuhluke ukuphakama velocity.

Isikimu ukudluliswa

Uthuthwa esebenzisa i-imeyili, Telnet kanye HTTP ukuxhumana. Enye yezifiso common SMTP, POP3 (ISP), i-IMAP, i-HTML.

Document ukuphathwa uhlelo ESI anganikeza lokuhambisa futhi ngaphandle kokusebenzisa yezifiso ezivamile. Emazweni European, esebenzisa uxhumano ngqo baba lo-VPN (Network of Private Virtual), FTP (Ifayela Transfer Protocol) kanye EDIINT (ESI nge-Internet), kanye inethiwekhi namasevisi ezengeziwe ezimotweni (Networks Value-added).

amazinga ezimbili nazo setha: AS1, okukuvumela ukuba uthumele ESI-imibhalo ngokusebenzisa umthetho olandelwayo we-SMTP (ie-mail), AS2 ejwayelekile ngokudlulisela phezu HTTP.

Izimiso eziyisisekelo ukusetshenziswa ESI izinhlelo nge AS1 Inthanethi kanye AS2 amazinga:

• ekusithekeni kolwazi ngabantu okungagunyaziwe - ukufinyelela imibhalo kuphela Umthumeli nomamukeli;
• ukuqinisekiswa zokuphepha - ukuqinisekiswa ngokuqinisekisa isignesha electronic;
• ukunemba imibhalo - ukungakwazi ukushintsha ekuqukethe ngaphandle iqhaza umzuzi;
• yokubika kahle - non-ukulahla umyalezo owamukelwe.

-XML Basics

Ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo of inethiwekhi Inthanethi ebandakanyeke inani elikhulayo abasebenzisi. Izimfuneko imibhalo exchange kuya ku-intanethi liye lenyuka. protocol-HTML saphela ukuhlangabezana nezidingo eziningi abahlanganyeli.

Njengoba-ke kwenziwa izinguquko ohlelweni? -XML ESI sivunyiwe ekuqaleni kuka-1998, i-international W3C lenhlangano njengoba incazelo entsha.

-XML (ulimi lwekhompiyutha) Wawugujelwani ukudalwa izilimi ezintsha. Kwakukhona futhi eziningi Web-amaseva ezisebenzisa i-XML ubuchwepheshe ukuhlela ukwaziswa okugcinwe kuzo.

Ukusebenzisa i-XML, ungakwazi ukunikeza incazelo bonkhe eklasini bafundza incwadzi lezinto idatha, ababiziweyo imibhalo, egxile kuncike endaweni ethize. Uhlelo kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuze sithole ukuthi tags Ukudayela kanye nezimfanelo zabo abavumelekile.

-XML kwenza ukuba ukudweba emakethe electronic amancane naphakathi amakhasimende ibhizinisi. ESI izinhlelo ezikhona ezweni lanamuhla, ibiza (kusuka 10 000 kuya ku-100 eziyinkulungwane 000 zamadola-US). Izinkampani eziningi ezincane azilona neze eqolo.

Isethulo namazinga

Leli zinga kuhlanganisa idatha isakhiwo definition esebenzisa le-syntax kanye engasho lutho. Umbuzo obalulekile - ukudalwa izindinganiso idatha zesakhiwo usebenzisa amazinga owaziwa, ANSI X.12, asetshenziswa e-United States, UNECE EDIFACT, wasebenzisa eYurophu nase-Asia.