Encephalitis: izimpawu ezinganeni, imiphumela

Ngesikhathi sasehlobo, kuba inkinga ikakhulukazi acute nokuvinjelwa encephalitis ezinganeni nakubantu abadala. Kodwa, bambalwa abantu bazi ukuthi isifo akuwona umphumela amagciwane kokulunywa umkhaza njalo. Imbangela encephalitis ongakhonza sanoma yisiphi ekungenweni amagciwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, leso sifo ezinganeni kwande ngaphezu abadala, ngoba izingane namanje insufficiently athuthukile namasosha omzimba futhi ekhonweni lomzimba lokukwazi okuzivikela.

Kuyini encephalitis? Yini okudingeka uyenze ukuze kugwenywe? Yiziphi izimpawu nokwelashwa encephalitis? Njengoba kubalulekile ukuxilonga kanye kungcono zibhekisela kulokho izazi? Lesi sihloko sizokusiza uthole izimpendulo zale mibuzo, bese kungekho isifo ngeke akubambe lingaqaphile.

Ukunqunywa isifo

Encephalitis - i isifo oyingozi, ukuthuthukiswa zazo Lihlobene nokubhekana ubuso ekungenweni amagciwane, futhi umphumela waba ukulahlekelwa ingqondo izidakamizwa.

Eyingozi kakhulu encephalitis? Izimpawu ezinganeni nakubantu abadala zinezikhathi isimo esindayo esiguli, zona ngokwazo inomphumela omubi. Nokho, isifo kunomphumela wokugcina ezimbi nakakhulu. Imiphumela encephalitis ngokuvamile ukukhubazeka ngokugcwele noma kancane, iziyaluyalu sezinzwa nangokwengqondo ngisho nokufa.

Amagciwane avuse ukuvuvukala kanye ukopha, ababhubhise ulwelwesi izinqubo kanye neuronal kulimaze isakhiwo nuclei subcortical, kanye ndaba salo esimhlophe futhi grey. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwegciwane kungabangela ubovu isifo Mater pia.

Imihlobo ehlukeneko encephalitis

Kusukela sifo sibangelwa izizathu ezahlukene kanye Kubasunguli, nokuthi izimpawu encephalitis ezinganeni (kanye nabantu abadala) ngezinye izikhathi kungahluka ngobubi bawo kanye nesikhathi.

Ngakho ake kuqala ukunquma ukuthi iyiphi amaqembu kanye subtypes sifo ahlukaniswe, bese kuphela ukukhuluma mayelana nokwelashwa yayo kanye nokuvinjelwa.

Ngokuhambisana imbangela encephalitis kuyinto zamabanga aphansi naphezulu.

encephalitis Primary kuyinto isifo ezimele, yavusa umthelela ongemuhle igciwane emzimbeni. B encephalitis eziyinhloko ingase isebenze ngendlela ngokuvumelana izimbangela ezahlukahlukene:

- viral (i-herpes, imfuluwenza enterovirus, cytomegalovirus, namarabi at al.);

- webhaktheriya (neurosyphilis, typhus);

- sesizini (uphawu, umiyane, kanjalonjalo.).

encephalitis Secondary ngokuvamile kuphakama njengoba inkinga noma siqhuba isifo osuvele ukhona. Kuyinto umphumela:

- KWAMAGUNDANE (chlamydial, umalaleveva, toxoplasmosis);

- Isifo esibangelwa amagciwane (isifo sofuba, streptococcal, staphylococcal);

- yezinkinga (isimungumungwane, rubella, upokisi);

- lokugoma (emva yokugoma yokulwa nesimungumungwane, mumps, isimungumungwana).

Post-lokugoma encephalitis - into ngempela ezingavamile futhi uncharacteristic. Noma kunjalo, uma ingane ngemuva lokugoma imfiva kanye ikhanda, kufanele siqaphelisise lezi zimpawu.

Iyini indlela ukutheleleka kuya ebuchosheni? Kwenzeka ekusakazeni igazi, lapho amagciwane, kanye esegazini, lapho siqondiswa ukuba maphakathi isimiso sezinzwa.

Libuye kungenzeka umzila sisemoyeni of ukudluliselwa encephalitis (herpes), contact-yasendlini nasekondleni (enterovirus).

Ngezinye izikhathi imbangela encephalitis kuyinto imiphumela ezinobuthi of ubuthi nge-carbon monoxide igesi noma xhumana ne izinsimbi ezisindayo, kanye ukusabela iguliswa tinhlobo letehlukene Amagciwane.

Ngakho, izimbangela kanye indlela lesi sifo sabuka. Ngakho-ke, kukhona umbuzo ngempela ofanelekayo: yini izimpawu ezithile (izimpawu) ka encephalitis kubantu?

Indlela yokubona isifo

Lokho isifo kubonakala kuxhomeke kakhulu ukubukeka lwaluvelaphi. Nokho, kukhona uhlu jikelele izimpawu encephalitis kubantu.

Okokuqala, it is a ukwanda okukhulu kwezincwadi lokushisa komzimba, Ukudlikizela, delirium futhi ukudideka, migraine ezinzima. Ngakho-ke, uma izinga lokushisa womntwana ikhanda (futhi izinguquko esimeni sayo iphutha ngokushesha futhi kakhulu) - kumele ukwethuka.

kanjani notshwala ezahlukene encephalitis? Ake sithole ukuthi kwakungani njengoba ukuhlonza yokuqala lesi sifo sibe nomthelela omuhle ukuphulukisa yayo.

Thikha yizinambuzane encephalitis. Izinhlobo, Izimpawu

encephalitis Thikha naseStinkwater izingane kuyingozi kakhulu. Angaba siyekele imiphumela ezingelapheki - iziyaluyalu zezinzwa olungenza nengane ekhubazekile phakade.

Mhlawumbe Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi esiphathiswa Cishe iningi lolu hlobo encephalitis - umkhaza. Izibungu baphile ikakhulukazi ehlathini omnandi futhi utshani, ngakho uma uye ezindleleni eziphumela ngaphandle komuzi, a epaki noma emsebenzini engadini, kufanele uhlole ukuthi yini ngokucophelela isikhumba ukuthola le inkathazo kancane.

You azi ukuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi umkhaza ihlala emzimbeni emva bite. Ngokuvamile, abesilisa ngokushesha ukushiya indawo kwabacasula, ngokungafani nabesifazane, abangakwazi ahlale phezu isilonda izinsuku eziningana, zidla igazi futhi lwanda ivolumu. Ngakho uma uye ayitholakalanga umzimba wakhe noma emzimbeni ingane yenze ngendlela ethile, kodwa une izimpawu eziyisixwayiso i ezingemnandi, kufanele ngokushesha aye esibhedlela.

Qaphela ukuthi bayashintshana ekufukameleni inkathi encephalitis (okusho ukuthi, isikhathi kusuka bite kuya lapho kuqala izimpawu) Uthatha amasonto amathathu futhi kuhambisana ubuthakathaka, umzimba ukuqaqamba, kanye nemfiva. Kamuva kwangena Ukudlikizela, nokulahlekelwa ukwazi, equlekile.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi amadala umuntu, kwakuya kuba nzima ithwala izifo, kanye kuyokuba nzima ukuqhubeka ekululameni kwakhe.

Kwezokwelapha, ukukhomba izinhlobo eziningana okuvela TBE:

1. Febrile (lokushisa nivukele degrees amane nanye, ubuthakathaka, imfiva, ubuhlungu bemisipha namalunga namathambo).
2. Meningeal (kwenyuke ingcindezi, ukuhlanza eqinile futhi njalo, amajaqamba, photophobia).
3. Cerebral (ukwazi iziyaluyalu, Ukudlikizela, ukuquleka).
4. Poliomieliticheskaya (iziyaluyalu ezingamahlalakhona ukugwinya nokuphefumula kanzima, ukukhubazeka we imisipha nemilenze engenhla nentamo).

Nalapha futhi, izimpawu encephalitis ezinganeni singenzeka ngezindlela ezahlukene futhi manje zifane nezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuba ngokushesha ukukhomba imbangela yokugula, xhumana nodokotela bese uqale ukwelashwa. Uma izinga lokushisa womntwana ikhanda, onguchwepheshe kumele uxhumane ngempela.

Umqedazwe encephalitis. Ukunquma izimpawu

Umqedazwe encephalitis luvamile yingozi. I-ejenti causative of encephalitis ifomu enjalo ingakamiswa kunqunywa, kodwa muva nje yembula ukuthi uhlala ngamathe ne isikhwehlela ingafi ngokushesha ukuxhumana kwemvelo yangaphandle. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi esikhathini iminyaka eyishumi yokuqala yokuphila, izingane kuyaqabukela agule ngenxa yalesi sifo.

Njengoba ubhubhane encephalitis angadluliselwa by amaconsi sisemoyeni, yebo, ukuthi zithwala yayo ugula igciwane bathwale ngqo. Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni ngoba encephalitis kuyahlukahluka isikhathi esisuka esontweni elilodwa kuya ezinyangeni ezimbili.

Izimpawu ezihambisana nalesi sifo, kuba ezahlukene kakhulu. Lena ujwayelene umkhuhlane isifo, futhi ukuhlanza, futhi ukozela. Neziphawulekayo nazo ezinye izimpawu - strabismus, Gait ongagxilile, tinnitus, ukukhathazeka yanda, nokugula ngengqondo futhi kwehle biko.

Enterovirus encephalitis. symptomatology

Enterovirus encephalitis ephelezelwa ukuhlanza futhi ikhanda, esitho ukukhubazeka kanye zesifo sokuwa. I last ezivamile ezinganeni ubudala elincane kakhulu.

I-Herpes encephalitis. Ukunquma izimpawu

I-Herpes encephalitis is phetho igciwane herpes, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukubamba kokubili sisemoyeni futhi uxhumane-yasendlini.

Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni lesi sifo kungase kube ngenyanga. Lesi sifo kungase kuhambisane Ukudlikizela, nokulahlekelwa ukwazi, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukuhlanza, ubudlova, tinhlobo letehlukene ngamaphupho nje la.

Uma leyo ngane izokwazi iminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi, herpes encephalitis angakhula abe isifo esingelapheki, futhi izinsana ngaphandle ukwelashwa okufanelekile kungaba yingozi. Ngokuvamile, i-herpes encephalitis kwabangela ngabakwa-SARS kanye stomatitis.

encephalitis yesibili. Izinhlobo, izimpawu

encephalitis yesibili kukhona ngenxa izifo ezinzima ezithathelwanayo ezifana nesimungumungwana, rubella, upokisi, nabanye. Ngakho-ke, uma isifo eyinhloko uya, kodwa kukhona syndromes encephalitic Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela ngokushesha.

Ngokuvamile encephalitis yesibili kubonakaliswa izinsuku 1-10 kulandele ukuqubuka futhi imfiva, ukuphalaza, kanye amajaqamba. Ngezinye izikhathi (isibonelo, isimungumungwana encephalitis), isifo i-Parkinson futhi ngisho nobumpumputhe zenzeka. Lapho varicella encephalitis e nabantwana abancane bangasondela anikine ikhanda, Gait ngokumangalisayo, eliqhaqhazelayo amemeza ke.

Post-lokugoma encephalitis

Post-lokugoma encephalitis kwenzeka ikakhulukazi izingane zesikole, futhi ngokuvamile kwenzeka ifomu acute, ngesimo ezihlukahlukene iziyaluyalu zezinzwa iziyaluyalu.

Ngakho-ke, siyaqonda, iziphi izimpawu encephalitis ezinganeni. Manje ake sibone ukuthi kungenzeka kanjani nokwelapha lesi sifo, kanye sihlaziye izinyathelo zokuvimbela futhi nezindlela zokugwema izifo.

Inqubo uphethwe

Uma uzithola noma ingane yakho kufanele ezinye izimpawu encephalitis, kulesi sihloko, kufanele usheshe uye esibhedlela. Udinga uvakashele ongoti ezifana:

- isazi sezifo zezingane noma wemithi yangaphakathi;

- wezinzwa;

- nezifo ezithathelwanayo.

Njengoba encephalitis ikhulumelani izimpawu ezinamandla ukuthi zifana kakhulu izimpawu ezinye izifo, kubalulekile ukuqhuba uphethwe obuphelele.

Ukuxilongwa encephalitis kuhlanganisa, okokuqala kunakho konke, ukuhlaziya jikelele egazi noma omchamo, kanye-X ray kwamaphaphu nobuchopho-MRI. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase kudingeke ukuba wenze wokubhoboza lumbar (ie, CSF izibonelo zalokho for ukuhlaziya).

Indlela idatha ukuhlaziywa ukusiza singakwazi ukubona encephalitis? Sitholakele isifo simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

1. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngeke bona omzimba athile ukuthi bazokubona isifo (isib leukocyte zingandiswa noma yashesha ESR).
2. MRI noma-CT scan kuzovumela ukubona abathintekayo izilonda ubuchopho noma ukopha palsy.
3. Needling noma ukuhlaziya CSF kuthola anda lemali ushukela, amaprotheni nama-lymphocyte nge okuphothula wezimpi ezalandela.

Futhi, kwezinye izimo, kungase yabelwe ukuhlaziywa virological ka swabs kusukela nasopharynx, ozokusiza kutholakale izinga omzimba athile. Uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka ezinye izindlela ukuxilongwa kungenzeka azokuqhubela biopsy ubuchopho (ie amasampula kocingo kwezicubu ubuchopho). Ngezinye izikhathi langempela indlela zokuxilonga kungase kube electroencephalogram, okuyinto akwazi izinguquko umsebenzi kagesi zobuchopho.

Inqubo ekwelapheni isifo

Njengoba imithelela encephalitis iyingozi kakhulu, udinga ukuqala nokuliphatha ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.

Kushiwo ngamuphi umqondo ukuthi ukwelapha lesi sifo? Yiqiniso, injongo umuthi incike kundlela futhi uhlobo lwesifo. Nokho, isiguli ngeke ngempela ahlinzekwa esibhedlela. Kule akufanele uyoshiywa - nqampuna umhlabeleli ngokushesha nokwelashwa ngokushesha ungaba umile kuphela.

Ukwelashwa encephalitis kwenziwe ngokucophelela futhi tinkhombandlela eziningana:

1. Beka izinga lokushisa komzimba. Ukuze wenze lokhu, nezingane ziyokwenza okufanayo amathuluzi awusizo lichaza ekwakheni okuyinto "ibuprofen" noma "paracetamol".
2. Ukwelapha umuntu ngemithi elwa namagciwane. Lapha ukusiza antibiotic. Lapho encephalitis ezithwalwa - "penicillin" futhi "Doxycycline", nge okuxubile - "Chloramphenicol" futhi "cefotaxime" nokunye.
3. Ukubuyiselwa isimiso sezinzwa. Ngenxa yale njongo, ascorbic acid namavithamini amaningi, kanye "Pyracetam" futhi "Pantogam".
4. ukwelashwa Immunostimulatory. Ngesisekelo le ndlela yokwelapha amanga kusebenze nesineke amasosha omzimba. Immunoglobulin ngokumelene encephalitis inikezwa yekubona iwukudambisa lwegciwane. immunoglobulin amalungiselelo ayatholakala Pharmacy abaningi ezweni lethu. Basuke ethathwe plasma womuntu futhi kuyinto globular amaprotheni nemvelo. Lolu hlobo lokwelapha lungaba ukuchitha njengoba intramuscularly noma ngemithambo yegazi.
5. Ukuqedwa izimpawu. Ngokwesibonelo, amajaqamba ezinzima ukhombe "Seduxen" noma "Sibazon", ukuthuthukiswa ukukhubazeka - "Neostigmine".

Yiqiniso, ukuphathwa olunembile futhi enemininingwane kuyoba kuphela esibhedlela. Ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu okumelwe asilandele ngokucophelela yonke imiyalelo kadokotela.

izinyathelo

Kanjani ukuba agweme amagciwane encephalitis?

Into yokuqala ukuthi ungazivikela nengane yakho - ukuba sifeze imigomo ngesikhathi esifanele. Ukugonywa ngokumelene encephalitis (uphawu) kwenzeka ngesikhathi yokugoma lohleliwe noma eziphuthumayo. Ngenxa umzimba wokugoma kungaqala amasosha ulwe nesifo esizayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ngendlela ngokomthetho ukuba bagome ezifweni kungabangela ukuthuthukiswa encephalitis. Ngokwesibonelo, kukhona isheduli akhiwa Ministry of Health bagome izingane zasenkulisa kanye esikoleni ubudala yokulwa nesimungumungwane, rubella futhi upokisi. Ngakho ungadikibali ka yokugoma wengane.

Enye indlela ebalulekile ukuvimbela ukuba ukuhlukanisa isiguli encephalitis esuka kubantu enempilo, ikakhulukazi izingane. Ikamelo kufanele ibe inqubo ukupholisa unomphela, futhi izinto siqu onegciwane kufanele njalo disinfected.

Futhi-ke, i-isinyathelo esibalulekile nokuvinjelwa encephalitis ezithwalwa ukuvikela isikhumba eziyingozi isinambuzane bite. Ngaphambi kokuya ehlathini ngangokunokwenzeka, ukugqoka avaliwe, izingubo ezikubambayo, mhlawumbe ukukhanya, umbala esiqinile. Phakathi futhi ngemva kokuvakashela endaweni engozini kufanele ngokucophelela uzihlole futhi ingane yakho (ikakhulukazi hairlines), kanye nezilwane. Lapho ngifika ekhaya, izinto kumele ngokucophelela angamthintitha futhi pholisa.

Uma umkhaza Kuye kwatholakala - uqiniseke ukuxhumana esibhedlela futhi mhlawumbe hhayi azame ukudonsa isinambuzane wedwa.

Mpilonhle!