Ekujuleni kolwandle inhlanzi-izilo. River inhlanzi-izilo

An ezihlukahlukene Amazing womumo izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezithile kuwumphumela ukusatshalaliswa yabo kwandile, yaba nethonya ukuthuthukiswa yokuziphendukela kwemvelo nayo lezi zilwane. Fish bahlala yene zasemanzini izimila amadamu e amaxhaphozi ezincane ezisele ngemuva imvula yetintsaba nge imisinga enamandla kanye emachibini sentaba amamitha 600 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle, futhi ekujuleni okukhulu lapho ingcindezi amanzi angase afinyelele 1000 eziphindwe ngisho emihumeni mathathu ngaphansi komhlaba!

Evolution - thusa!

Ngokwemvelo, ngokuhamba kwemvelo, uvumelane nezimo zokuphila ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu futhi kunzima ukuthi abeke uhlobo uphawu ukubukeka izinhlanzi ezithile. I esibi kunazo nowesabekayo kungukuthi nje ukubhukuda emihumeni komhlaba, kodwa ekujuleni ezinkulu. Zibizwa ngokuthi "ekujuleni kolwandle inhlanzi-izilo." Indlela yokuphila lezi zidalwa luhluke izimpilo izinhlanzi abavamile futhi ajwayelekile kithi.

fish Crookshanks

Omunye eyaziwa kakhulu kabi ukuthi kunezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezingaphezu ekujuleni kolwandle ubhekwa okubizwa ngokuthi hiazmodon noma black Crookshanks. Cishe noma ubani incwadi echaza lezi zilwane, Crookshanks sifana constrictor boa, ukugwinya indlovu. Eqinisweni, Crookshanks - inhlanzi owayemude encane, ubude bayo akuvamile idlula 15 amasentimitha. Nokho, lokhu akubavimbeli ukuba igwinye yimpango yabo yonke. Lezi zinhlanzi-izilo abahlala kolwandle esikhulu - kuze kufinyelele 750 m.

umzimba wabo side futhi nqunu imisipha ebuthaka namathambo kuba ngempela esithambile omnyama noma ompofu umbala, nomlomo ezinkulukazi ehlome ngamazinyo esibukhali nesinamandla, kepha efaniswe Amazinyo. Basuke etholakala nje imigqa embalwa (njengaku oshaka). Cishe akudingeki uqale ukukukhumbuza ukuthi inkinga amandla emanzini ajulile sibi kakhulu. Ukuze izimbangi ithole lutho, Crookshanks ingashintshwa ukugwinya ngezisulu zako kweso futhi ngaphandle kokuthi.

saccopharynx

Ayikho ngaphansi yokuqala ukuxazulula inkinga amandla ekujuleni enkulu ukufunda kusuka inhlanzi monster ngamunye - saccopharynx. Ososayensi bathi indlela yabo zokukhiqiza ukudla kwaba olunameva kakhulu: ukuvela lezi zidalwa yaphenduka umlomo omkhulu nge sitho ezicashile, okuyinto umzimba. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke futhi liyabonakala izinhlanzi umbono meshkorotovyh kuyinto largemouth noma umbokwane pelikanovy. Ubude lesi silo sifinyelela cm 60, 30% okuyinto eyabangela emihlathini eside kakhulu futhi ngempela nomzimba omncane, esisogwini komlomo enkulu!

Kusukela umhlathi ongezansi ubabonisa iqonde phansi eside kakhulu futhi pharynx esikhulu, welulele like a bag. Yesilinganiso kufana nevuba, umphimbo sikhwama, ngoba yena wethiwa largemouth pelikanovym umbokwane. Ngomqondo onabile, indlela ezinjalo isenzo pharynx nsé isenzo ngesikhathi Umkhomo izikhwama: zonke izinhlanzi ubanjwe kubo ehluleka. Lokhu kuvumela kokubili izinhlanzi kanye inyoni feed Thenga ukuze zisetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo. Ngokuvamile inhlanzi largemouth iphuza inyamazane budlula lingakanani kabili!

Largemouth - a senhlanzi-izilo ukujula kweqiniso, ngoba ngiphila 3000 metres ibanga ngaphansi kwamanzi! Yingakho nje largemouth ninezinkinga ukondla: izikhwama zabo pharyngeal kuyaqabukela agcwaliswa okumnandi izinhlanzi ekujuleni kolwandle ezinamagobolondo. Ngakho-ke, kufanele okuqukethwe nawo wonke umuntu. Ngokusho yetinsita eyodwa largemouth sabanjwa sikhwama guttural atholakele ulwelwe, amatshe nokunye fishies kancane kakhulu. Giant ezijulile - kuze kufinyelele 5000 amamitha - konke ungathola okuthiwa saccopharynx yangempela, lafinyelela ubude 1,84 amamitha!

ipnopsy eyeless

Yini izilo, inhlanzi, ahlala ekujuleni esikhulu elwandle, zahlukile lonke, hhayi kuphela imilomo omkhulu, kodwa futhi uhlobo umbono? Yiqiniso, ipnopsy! Iqiniso lokuthi ekujuleni kolwandle izilo nganoma iyiphi indlela edingekayo ukuxazulula izinkinga ezihambisana ne yenkungu, noma kunalokho ukungezwakali kwawo ngaso sonke. Le ncwadi eshiwo ngenhla ipnopsy ophilayo ekujuleni kwamamitha angu-900-6,000, ngokuvamile balandela indlela amelane, baphelelwa emehlweni akhe. Kuyaqondakala ukuthi kungani amehlo akho, uma ungakwazi ukubona lutho emhlabeni?

Ngokwe izincazelo ichthyologists futhi abacwaningi kusukela ithimba Jacques Iva Kusto, amehlo ipnopsov noma ezingekho ngokuphelele, noma (okuyinto ivelakancane) zincane kangangokuthi futhi zazifihlwa ngaphansi izikali isikhumba, okuyinto ngokuvamile akusho ukubona ukukhanya. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi le miphumela etholakele akazange ivumelane iningi izilo ngokujulile, ngoba umbono ezimpilweni lezi zidalwa uye waqhubeka futhi uyaqhubeka nokudlala indima enkulu. Ukuze ubone kwezimo abasebenza ngaphansi kwazo sebumnyameni, abaningi babo badinga idivayisi ekhethekile, kodwa lokhu - kungenye indaba.

I edume yinkosi inhlanzi

Akunjalo kudala, kodwa omunye ososayensi ukuvulwa-ichthyologists wayetshele American isiteshi sethelevishini "Nat Geo Wild." Fish-izilo, kuvela, akuzona ububanzi enkulu kuphela! Iqiniso lokuthi abacwaningi baye ekugcineni wakwazi uthwebule kuvidiyo inhlanzi ezingavamile ezijulile ethusayo amatilosi esisodwa. Qamba ke - inhlanzi inkosi, noma ibhande-inhlanzi. Yena ngephutha hit lens ikhamera, okwakumenza akwazi Izazi-University of Louisiana ngawakho inkosi edume of herring endaweni yawo engokwemvelo.

"Umhlangano" Okungalindelekile

Kuze kube manje, ibhande-inhlanzi, okuyinto ifinyelela 17 metres ubude, kungabonwa, noma abafileyo, noma befa okwamanje lapho yena wavuma ngokuzithandela ukwenza ziyabuya kwamanzi. Lesi isikhathi sokuqala ukuthi onjalo izilo edume kwamanzi kwakungafanele zibonakala umphakathi wonke emhlabeni yesayensi, kodwa futhi aqoshiwe on video in the okuthiwa Life imodi. Ngokwe-TV "Ukutholwa", inhlanzi-izilo enisezweni omndeni owodwa nenkosi herring, atholakala ekujuleni kuze kufinyelele 1500 amamitha.

Fish-ibhande iye uyayibona abacwaningi eminyakeni eminingana edlule, lapho ngosizo CCTV, bona ehlola Rig e eGulf of Mexico. Nokho, declassified le "umhlangano" ezingalindelekile Akuzange kwaphela isikhathi eside kangaka edlule. Izazi ziye watshela ngakho esiteshini TV "Bi-Bi-Si." UProfesa Mark Benfield ke balandisa ngendlela abazizwa bakhe: "Sonke wacabanga ukuthi sibona omunye ipayipi elithwala uwoyela. Njengoba thina ukusondeza, sabona ukuthi lokhu akukona ipayipi, kodwa ngempela inhlanzi yinkosi! ".

Deep-amanzi Angler

Lezi zidalwa - nenhlanzi ezilo yangempela! Igama lazo lesibili - tseratsievidnye. Bangabaholi wafunda kunazo zonke izinhlanzi ekujuleni kolwandle, zichazwe lesi sihloko. Anglers basonta suborder komyalelo wokungabi ezijulile izinhlanzi anglerfish bahlale kukholamu amanzi kulo ulwandle, okusho yonke indawo. Okwamanje ichthyologists imindeni 11 achazwe ezifaka cishe 120 zilwane. Ekujuleni kolwandle Anglers ukuphila ekujuleni amamitha angu-3,000. Okunye izilo bayehluka eyindilinga futhi kakhulu isicaba singatsheki yakha esifubeni. Abesifazane babe okuthiwa "lolo."

Adume "wokudoba" Anglers

"Rod" - a modified amaphiko ray fin, okuyinto "ibhizinesi khadi" of lezi zilwane. a "rod ukudoba" okunjalo udlala indima lolo. Ekupheleni kwalo iyona esque okuthiwa - a neziqu ezincane isikhumba ulenga phezu umlomo omkhulu ngamazinyo inaliti-efana. Esca ligcwele izigidi luminescent amagciwane ahlukene. Kuyinto ba ibaphi eliganukejako izinhlanzi abasha oyisiwula okuyinto, efana amabhu a ukukhanya, elintantayo kuye. izilo Fish kokuba "izinduku", bayakwazi ukulawula nobuningi ukukhaya nokuqubuka. Lokhu kubenza bakwazi ukwandisa umphumela akhiqizwa on fooling isisulu.

River inhlanzi-izilo. Horrible uGoliyati tigerfish

Kuyinto isihlobo esikude futhi ngempela ezingavamile piranha yesimanje. Nokho, piranha, uma kuqhathaniswa nale monster - nezinhlanzi ezincane futhi ayinangozi. Tigerfish uGoliyati itholakele futhi badoba omunye ethandwa kakhulu abadobi American e Congo River, Afrika. Lokhu monster has 32 abukhali insingo, namazinyo futhi iyona esibi kunazo emanzini angenawo usawoti emhlabeni! Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyinto ifomu ngobukhulu futhi ebulalayo iningi emelela ozala piranha.

sawfish

Igama lazo lesibili - okwabonwa-inhlanzi. Banezinhliziyo esifubeni eside kakhulu futhi elasmobranchs yayifanekisela nomxhantela oluyisicaba empumulweni yabo, wayakha ohlangothini amazinyo eside sinye ngasinye. Ngaphandle, lokhu yayifanekisela nomxhantela sifana isaha, lokho ukudala futhi ezihlala emanzini angenawo usawoti ayebhekwa ngamasaha amatshe. Ngomqondo onabile, pilorylovye hhayi yingozi enkulu kubantu, kodwa ukubukeka kwabo kungaba iyayithusa ngisho diver nesibindi kakhulu. Futhi zonke ngoba ngokusobala ziyafana oshaka angavamile. Nokho, oshaka, ngokungafani inhlanzi, isiphuzo, engatholakali amanzi ahlanzekile. Khumbula lokhu!