Customs Union amazwe: uhlu

Kuleli zwe lanamuhla, emazweni amaningi bamunye izinhlangano - ezombusazwe, ezomnotho, zenkolo kanye nabanye. Enye yezinhlangano ezinkulu kunazo walabo Unions Soviet. Manje sibona ukuvela European, eYurophu nase-Asia Namasiko izinyunyana.

I Customs Union isebangeni njengoba oluthile ukuhweba nokuhlanganiswa komnotho yenombolo lamazwe, okubandakanya hhayi kuphela ezivamile amasiko nsimu ukuhweba ezizosihlomulisa namanye ukungabi khona imisebenzi kanye nokunye. E., Kodwa futhi amaphuzu amaningana, olawula ukuhweba namazwe lwesithathu. Lesi sivumelwano sasayinwa ku 06.10.2007 e Dushanbe, ngesikhathi waphela ngo-Union kwakungamadodana Russian Federation, Kazakhstan kanye Belarus.

Isihloko sokuqala ku kuhanjiswa kwemphahla yesivumelwano phakathi kuleyo nsimu, ethi:

• Intela ekhokhwayo ngalokhu. Futhi hhayi nje ngobe kutawutfutfukisa izimpahla ukukhiqizwa yayo siqu, kodwa futhi ukuze izimpahla ezivela emazweni wesithathu.
• Azikho izingqinamba kwezomnotho, ngaphezu isinxephezelo, anti-ulahla.
• amazwe Customs Union sisebenzise ezivamile amasiko tariff.

amazwe esebenzayo kanye ukhetho

Kukhona njengoba unomphela angamalungu e-Customs Union, elalibe abasunguli balo noma ufake kamuva, futhi labo abaye nje bafisa ujoyine.

ababambiqhaza:

• Armenia;
• Kazakhstan;
• Kyrgyzstan;
• Russia;
• Belarus.

ubulungu ukhetho:

• Tunisia;
• Aramu;
• Tajikistan.

abaholi TC

Kube ekhethekile TC Commission, samukelwa ngesikhathi ukusayinwa Customs Union. imithetho zalo zazikunye ngesisekelo imisebenzi esemthethweni yenhlangano. Isakhiwo wasebenza sahlala kulo ngohlaka lomthetho ngomhlaka 1 kuVelabahlinze 2012, okungukuthi ngaphambi kokudalwa we ECE. Umzimba obuphakeme inyunyana ngesikhathi yavlalas iqembu abamele Heads of State (Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin (Russian Federation), Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbaev (Kazakhstan) kanye Aleksandr Grigorevich Lukashenko (Belarus)).

Tinhloko Uhulumeni abangu emelelwa ondunankulu:

• Russia - Dmitry Anatolyevich Medvedev ekuyi;
• Kazakhstan - Karim Kazhimkanovich Masimov;
• Belarus - Sergey Sergeevich Sidorsky.

Inhloso ye-Customs Union

Amazwe we Customs Union ngaphansi umgomo oyinhloko udala umzimba zokulawula olulodwa kwakusho ukusungula endaweni evamile, okuzobe ahlanganisa basemazweni ahlukahlukene, futhi insimu yabo wayiqeda nyá imisebenzi ngemikhiqizo.

Injongo yesibili kwakunguDodayi ukuvikela izithakazelo zabo kanye nezimakethe, kwasekuqaleni - a okubi, ikhwalithi embi kanye imikhiqizo ukuncintisana, ukuthi ikuvumela ukuthi sikhiphe zonke izimbungulu ezohwebo kanye sphere kwezomnotho. Kubalulekile kakhulu, njengoba ukuvikelwa izithakazelo uthi abo, ikhumbula ukubukwa kwamalungu Union kuyinto ebaluleke for yiliphi izwe.

Izinzuzo namathemba

Inzuzo yokuqala kusobala kulabo amabhizinisi ezingaba komzamo ukuthenga emazweni angomakhelwane. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kuyoba izinkampane ezinkulu kuphela kanye nezinkampani. Ngokuqondene amathemba ngekusasa, kuphambene ezinye zezomnotho sezulu ukuthi Customs Union kuzobandakanya nokuncipha ezingeni inkokhelo emazweni iqhaza, ezingeni esemthethweni Undunankulu wase-Kazakhstan, wathi neveli amaholo ngo isimo ngo-2015.

Yingakho isipiliyoni international kangaka nezinhlelo ezihlukahlukene zomnotho ayikwazi isibaluli Kulokhu. Amazwe kufakwe Customs Union, uma kungekhona ulindele ukukhula okusheshayo kodwa okusimeme ubudlelwane bezomnotho.

sivumelwano

I version yokugcina iSivumelwano kuyi-Customs Ikhodi Customs Union kuphela yokutholwa emhlanganweni yeshumi, 26.10.2009. Lokhu Isivumelwano okukhulunywe ukusungulwa okukhethekile panel, okuzokwenza ukuqapha imisebenzi imemezele olungisiwe okusalungiswa sivumelwano.

amazwe Customs Union bekuya 01.07.2010 sokuchibiyela umthetho yayo ukuqeda umehluko phakathi kwale Khodi futhi uMthethosisekelo. Ngakho-ke sidalwe elinye iqembu contact ukuxazulula izinkinga ezihambisana ne umehluko phakathi izinhlelo zomthetho kazwelonke.

Kube tiphindze yalungisa leminye ukubona izimpawu ezifihlekile elihlobene ne insimu CU.

Insimu Customs Union

amazwe Customs Union abe ezivamile amasiko endaweni, okuyinto kunqunywa imingcele kohlaka, usayine inkontileka futhi namalungu enhlangano. Customs Ikhodi, phakathi kwezinye izinto, inquma usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi walo myalo, osewaziwa 1 Julayi 2012. Ngakho, sina ngokwengeziwe enhlanganweni yasungulwa, okuyinto inamandla kakhulu futhi abantu ngakho ngaphezulu isimo sakhe ukulawula ngokugcwele zonke izinqubo. 1 Januwari 2012 ngokusemthethweni waqala umsebenzi walo we-Eurasia Economic Commission (EAEC).

EAEC

Isakhiwo Eurasia Economic Union kuhlanganisa angamalungu e-Customs Union: abasunguli - Russia, Belarus naseKazakhstan - futhi uthi usanda kujoyina, Kyrgyzstan futhi Armenia.

isikhungo EAEC kusho ezahlukene ebanzi of ubudlelwano ku ukuhamba ngenkululeko zomsebenzi, inhloko-dolobha, izimpahla kanye nezinsizakalo. Futhi kumelwe njalo afeze izinqubomgomo ehlelekile kwezomnotho emazweni onke, kufanele wenze ukushintshela ku-Common Customs Imali ekhokhelwa.

Kumiswa isabelomali ingqikithi yalesi Inyunyana kuphela ruble Russian ngokusebenzisa share iminikelo ezenza wonke amazwe ilungu Customs Union. ubungako bawo kulawulwa umkhandlu ophakeme, esakhiwa amakhanda ala amazwe.

Ulimi zokusebenza ukulawulwa wonke amadokhumenti kwaba Russian, futhi endlunkulu uzobe elise eMoscow. EAEC Umlawuli zezimali - e-Alma-Ata, futhi inkantolo - enhlokodolobha yase Belarus, Minsk.

Izidumbu Union

The esiphezulu ebusayo kuyinto umkhandlu eliphakeme, esakhiwa izinhloko States Amaphathi.

Okulandelayo kuba koHulumeni Council. It siqukethe le ondunankulu, umsebenzi oyinhloko lapho iwukucabangela izinkinga amasu ka ukuhlanganiswa kwezomnotho.

It usumisiwe futhi amandla wamajaji okuyinto unomthwalo ukusetshenziswa Izivumelwano kohlaka Union.

I-Eurasia Economic Commission (EEC) - umzimba zokulawula enikeza zonke izimo lapho kwakhiwa ukusebenza Union, kanye nokuthuthukiswa iziphakamiso ezintsha ezingeni kwezomnotho maqondana ifomethi EAEC. It yakhiwa Zikhonzi Commission (Isekela Prime Zikhonzi aMalunga eMibuso Union) noSihlalo.

Izinhlinzeko esemqoka ye EAEC Treaty

Yiqiniso, uma kuqhathaniswa TS EAEC unamandla mkhulu, kodwa futhi wenziwa endaweni ebanzi kakhulu futhi ethize uhlu imicimbi ehlelelwe hhayi kuphela. Lo mbhalo akanayo izinhlelo jikelele kanye neqembu elikhethekile ukusebenza, okuyinto ngeke kuphela Ukuqapha ukuqaliswa, kodwa futhi ukulawula indawo yawo wonke kuchazwa indlela yekusetjentiswa yayo futhi yakhelwe emsebenti ngamunye ethize.

Ngo inkontileka okuholela amazwe Customs Union, futhi manje EAEC, ivikelwe esivumelwaneni umsebenzi ehlelekile futhi ukudalwa ezivamile amandla emakethe. Sebenza inqubomgomo energy ezidlula okwanele luzoqala ngezigaba kuze 2025.

Ezilawulwayo kudokhumenti bese udala montreal bemishini yezokwelapha nezidakamizwa ukuze-January 1, 2016.

ukubaluleka Omkhulu kunikezwa ukuthutha Inqubomgomo endaweni kwamazwe EAEC, ngaphandle okuyinto ke ngeke kwenzeke ukudala eyodwa nohlelo ngokuhlanganyela. It banephupho ukuthuthukiswa yenqubomgomo anokuhambisana wezolimo, okuhlanganisa kumiswa esiyisibopho izinyathelo wezilwane kanye phytosanitary.

Esihlelwe Inqubomgomo macroeconomic inikeza ithuba lokwenza ngokoqobo kuzo zonke izinhlelo wakhulelwa amalungiselelo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, bahlakulele izimiso jikelele ukubambisana ukuqinisekisa sentfutfuko lamazwe.

Indawo ekhethekile kuhlala etimakethe jikelele, elawula hhayi kuphela ukunyakaza khulula zomsebenzi, kodwa futhi izimo ezifanayo ukusebenza. Izakhamizi abaqhubeka nomholo emazweni EAEC, akumelwe manje ngokugcwalisa ikhadi kufuduka (uma kwenzeka uma kokuhlala kwawo ingeqi kwezinsuku ezingu-30). esifanayo Uhlelo lula izosebenza kanye nokunakekelwa kwempilo. Futhi okhuluma ukuthekelisa kwezimpesheni kanye ubudala simo, eye zanqwabelana ezweni iqhaza le Union.

imicabango yabantu uchwepheshe

Uhlu amazwe Customs Union esikhathini esizayo esiseduze lungase luboniswe ngisho ngaphezulu States, kodwa ochwepheshe bathi ubonakala ukukhula efanele kanye nethonya ku imifelandawonye entshonalanga efana uhlobo EU (EU) kudinga omningi kanye ukunwetshwa inhlangano. Kunoma ikuphi, le ruble akukwazi elinye ithuba euro noma dollar isikhathi eside, futhi umthelela unswinyo yamuva wabonisa ungakwazi kanjani ukusebenzisa inqubomgomo Western ngecala yavuna izithakazelo zabo, futhi ukuthi kuleli cala futhi Russian futhi lonke Union empeleni ngalutho nalo . Ngokuqondene ngqo Kazakhstan kanye Belarus, ingxabano e-Ukraine kuye kwabonisa ukuthi ngeke give up izinzuzo zabo esivuna Russia. Tenge, ngendlela, futhi, sesehle kakhulu ngenxa kuwa ruble. Futhi ezindaweni eziningi, Russia uhlala esincintisana eyinhloko Kazakhstan kanye Belarus. Nokho, okwamanje ekudalweni kwendoda nowesifazane Union sihambisana futhi okuwukuphela kwekhambi angakusiza ukuba ngandlela-thile yokuqinisa ubudlelwano phakathi kwamazwe uma kwenzeka okunye ingcindezi Western neRussia.

Manje siyazi kumaphi amazwe e-Customs Union banesithakazelo kakhulu ezintweni indalo yayo. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi at the stage of buqala, ke njalo waphishekela zonke izinhlobo zezinkinga, izenzo ngokuhlanganyela ehlelekile wonke amalungu Union enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba ukubhekana ngokushesha nabo, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba nombono oqhakazile ngekusasa futhi ithemba ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo umnotho wonke amazwe iqhaza kulesi sivumelwano.