Church of St George ku Ladoga. St George sika Church (Old Ladoga)

Leli dolobhana Ladoga e Leningrad esifundeni - elinye lamalokishi amadala kakhulu enyakatho ntshonalanga yeRussia. Kukulo muzi lapho e ekuqaleni kweNkathi Ephakathi umsuka wekuba sive Russian. Engxenyeni ngekhulu XII yesibili iqala Christianisation ala mazwe. Ngesikhathi isinyathelo Bishop Niphon e Ladoga eyakhelwe eziyisikhombisa (ngokuvumelana kweminye imithombo - eyisishiyagalombili) amathempeli. Kuze kube manje kuphela isonto walondoloza ngokuphelele St George ku Ladoga kanye Cathedral of kweNyuka komngcele we esigodlweni.

Umlando ukwakhiwa ibandla St George

Ithempeli lakhiwa ngemva kokunqoba amabutho Russian phezu abaseSweden ku Voronege emfuleni. Usuku olunembile kuqale ukwakhiwa akachaziwe, it is nje eyaziwa ngokuthi isonto elimiswe 1165-1166 GG. Ngo 1445 odongeni nxazonke zendlu wakhula sezindela. Umuntu owasungula le sezindela kwaba uMbhishobhi Omkhulu Novgorod Efimov. UJehova waqaphela kakhulu ekulungiseni isonto, kanye imidwebo ezindongeni yesigodlo. Ngemva kweminyaka eminingi kangako le nemidwebo ayedinga ekubuyekezeni. Ngaphambi abaculi abangu inselele ukugcina imidwebo lasendulo kanye nokudala yasezindongeni entsha ukulandela ngaphambilini yokutholwa isitayela kanye nokuqukethwe.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo ethempelini embozwe uphahla olusha, esikhundleni isithiyo altare, sibeka iconostasis ezimbili abaphuma. Ngo yokuhlala ezifana yayikhona Nezinkinga ngaphambi (XVI-XVII cc.).

Eminyakeni 1584-1586 ibandla St George ku Ladoga gable ezahlukene esehlanganise vaults futhi oyindilinga Dome ekupheleni. Ngokuhamba olungaphambili lwesonto entshonalanga uye enamathiselwe dvuhprolotnuyu belfry. Phakathi kulungiswe yebandla 1683-1684 GG. gable ikhava hipped indawo, ithuthukiswe sigubhu, wabeka amafasitela ezine, kuphelile rastesku emafasiteleni. Ngeshwa, ngalesi sikhathi siphambanise awazange asinakekele ngokwanele ukuba nemidwebo, eminingi yayo wehliswa izindonga kwalahleka phansi entsha.

sokubuyiselwa Scientific yethempeli

Bayalithakasela Isasasa Esinalo Umdwebo Russian lasendulo lavuselelwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu XIX. Church of St George ku Ladoga, omlando wakhe uya emuva eminyakeni, wafika ngaphansi ukusekelwa Imperial Archaeological Commission. Ngemizamo abathanda we nemidwebo zilondolozwe. Ukukopisha izithombe abathintekayo umculi VA Prokhorov, NE Brandenburg. Abacwaningi endala Russian VN Lazarev, VV Suslov wafunda art izici nemidwebo.

Ngekhulu XX imisebenzi ku ukubuyiselwa ethempelini, okuyinto lanikezelwa ngo-1904. Ngu ngengozi ujabule, iSonto St George ku Ladoga baphepha ekubhujisweni esesabisayo ngezikhathi yokungakholelwa ukuthi uNkulunkulu ukhona ukuba nenkani. Yiba Neqhaza sokuvuselelwa sezindela babe abaklami mlando, abaculi, ama-workshop sokubuyiselwa - VV Danilov, EA Dobmrovskaya, AA Draga nabanye. Ngo-1996, umsebenzi wokuvuselela, yaqedwa ukwakhiwa. Ngenxa yalokho, iSonto St George sika aluthola ukubukeka yokuqala. Izindonga ethempelini wakhululwa accretions alien, futhi manje ukunakwa ebandla ethulwa imisebenzi esekhona yobuciko lasendulo.

Mayelana Saint George

I ongumvikeli isonto ukholo ongcwele George ukuthi utshelwa bakubo ukwamukela ukholo lobuKristu. Ukusingatha abakhileyo Palestine ebuKristwini umphumela ekunqobeni saint phezu amabutho ububi eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Isimangaliso St George kanye Dragon.

Ngaleso sikhathi, i-izakhamuzi zedolobha asePalestina noEbhali babe namaqaba. Izakhamuzi besaba kakhulu inyoka esabekayo owawuhlala echibini udle abantu. Ukuze asindise izifundo zakhe, walayela ziyiswe udliwe yinyoka Omunye umntwana nsuku zonke. Uma nezingane ezingenacala kuleli dolobha ishiywa, nangomhlatshelo isidalwa waletha inkosazana.

Girl emi ogwini kwechibi, wasula ukudalelwa yakhe, bheka, nanko, aphume ndawo, uvele indoda engokomfanekiso egibele. Kwaba St George, yagibela ukusiza izakhamuzi. Ngosizo lukaNkulunkulu, egameni likaJesu Kristu, inyoka wahlulwa, aboshwe futhi inikezwe ukuba ziyobulala basePalestine. Ukubona Monster wonakele abantu bathokoza, labo abakholwa egameni Kristu.

George kanye Dragon is owawusekelwe isithonjana eponymous. Ubhekene St George lanqoba silo, efanekisela yokunqoba indoda phezu amabutho ububi ebuthakathakeni babo, izinkanuko ukungabaza okholweni. Umzabalazo wekulwa Kulobubi bani ukuba hhayi kuphela elisizungezile, kodwa kithi ngokwethu.

Church of St George ku Ladoga: izakhiwo

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ngenxa yomsebenzi elinothile okwakuzoba abantu abaningi, Ithempeli elibuyiselwe efomini lakhona loqobo. Lesi sakhiwo olufana isitayela izakhiwo zenkolo zangaphambi Mongol inkathi. Omunye-oluyingungu isonto, has izinsika ezine apses ezintathu ravnovysokih. Ukuphakama ithempeli amamitha ayishumi nanhlanu wahlala ndawo square metres ayisikhombisa nambili.

Amawindi enyakatho, naseningizimu nasempumalanga mbumbulu ahlelwe asymmetrically. wesimethri Traditional usukela kuphela olungaphambili lwesonto entshonalanga. Ngalesi nemiklamo yokwakha ukubukeka ethempelini kuletha ezinye Dynamics, isakhiwo akubukeki classically esiqinile futhi ngokulingana.

Asymmetry sibalulekile obusebenzayo: amawindi ahlelwe ukuze ukukhanya wangena egumbini. Emafasiteleni enyakatho ucingo futhi mbumbulu eningizimu esakhiwe njengoba iphiramidi. Amawindi, okuyinto zitholakala ezansi, ngaphansi igalari ivulekile. Igumbi choir esitezi ekhoneni entshonalanga wesibili wesonto axhunyiwe ngu decking lokhuni. Ezitebhisini okuholela igalari, elise odongeni entshonalanga.

Uhlangothi olusempumalanga ye mbumbulu ethempelini kocingo kancane encishisiwe ubukhulu, Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba like ocindezelwe odongeni sigubhu kugudlukela kakhulu kuya empumalanga. ISonto engabulawa centric, okuyinto babevamile izakhiwo Novgorod ngalezo zikhathi. Ithempeli lakhiwa emboniselweni, ngakho amakhosi baphoqeleka ukuba acabangele izakhiwo ezikhona kakade.

Umdwebo ethempelini

Isonto St George sika nge nemidwebo ye ekuqaleni kwekhulu XII. art WaseByzantium is zithandelana izidingo social Rus sidilizwa. Ukuqokwa imidwebo - ukufundisa abantu, ujoyine amakholwa ukuba izindinganiso zobuKristu. Ikakhulukazi ohlonishwayo ezweni Novgorod kwaba St Kliment Rimsky.

Nemidwebo ye St George Church benziwa nesitayela esifanako. Abaculi langaleso sikhathi possessed adingekile ezobuchwepheshe, wazizwa umbala, babelazi igama elithi kanye nemithetho amaphethini nokuxhumana isikhala ethempelini.

Ukuze ezisekhona kuphela okwesihlanu nemidwebo. Okuningi kuyabonakala e yonke isigubhu Dome futhi zaveza kwengoma "Ascension". Phezu kwe-altare ebonisa zamakhosi, zabaprofethi kukaDavide noSolonon Novgorod lihlonishwe ngokuhlakanipha nokukhathalela kwabo amaKristu. Ngoba ababusi ubuso bomhlambi abadala: uIsaya, uJeremiya, uMika, kaGideyoni, Encwadi KaNahume, uHezekeli. Futhi, isithombe Our Lady ukulondolozwa Arhangela Gavriila, uMbhishobhi Ioanna Milostivogo, Georgiya Pobedonostsa, izingelosi.

Idolobha isonto

The Church of St George edolobhaneni Staraya Ladoga. Kuyinto komnikazi endala Leningrad esifundeni. Izakhiwo zokuqala lapha etholakale 753. Ladoga ohlala kuso kuyakhulunywa ngaso "Tale of esidlule Iminyaka" njengoba olwabo Prince Rurik. Ngokusho the Novgorod Chronicle, edolobhaneni wangcwatshwa Oleg Lesiprofetho.

Ngaphezu St George Church, Old Ladoga ine eponymous Museum-reserve, Staraya Ladoga Fortress, nowesifazane, zezindela besilisa.