Block silicate: nezinhlamvu, isicelo kanye nokubuyekeza

Njengoba lungenye yezinto endala esetshenziswa ukwakhiwa, okuyinto esetshenziswa abantu ngoba emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka, kuyinto isitini. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo indlela ukukhiqizwa yayo is cishe ayikashintshi, kodwa namuhla le nto - omunye kakhulu elisetshenziswa ukwakhiwa. Nokho, ne kusungulwa izidingo ezintsha zobuchwepheshe ezakhiwa entsha ukulungiswa isitini iyunithi, zazo esetshenziswa kakhulu kuyinto silicate block.

impahla yesimanje

Ukuze abantu abangenalwazi zokwakha, isitini ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili: ezimhlophe futhi zibomvu. ibhuloki lebovu ngolimi professional ngokuthi Ceramic nomhlophe kuyinto silicate block. block White yabonakala zokwakha ezimakethe esanda kuqalwa. Kule ndaba, ngeke ngiziqhayise umlando okucebile njengoba isitini sobumba. amabhlogo silicate Nokho, ngenkuthalo ekubambeni Ceramic ekusetshenzisweni izibalo kanye amashumi eminyaka ambalwa, baye bafakazela ukuba impahla eqinile futhi iqine.

Wall silicate block isetshenziswa njengophawu ephezulu liphumele nokwakhiwa ongaphakeme liphumele: le wokwakha Ingaphakathi nengaphandle ngenhla phansi izingxenye izindonga, ukupholisa Amapayipi (elisophahleni), izindonga e ezimbonini kanye yokuhlala izakhiwo, emafektri, emagalaji, uthango izindlu engadini. Isakhiwo amakhodi kungavunyelwe ukwakhiwa kwale nto plinth izakhiwo, lisebenzisa izitini ezibomvu.

Ukuze enze umsebenzi nale mpahla kubalulekile ukuthi liyini amabhlogo umehluko silicate. Izici kuye isakhiwo futhi ukucacisa lapho uya khona endaweni kwesicelo sabo.

amabhlogo White zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ku nemingcele ezimbili:

• Ukwakheka.
• Ukuqokwa.

Ukwakheka amabhlogo

Ngokusho isakhiwo silicate amabhlogo isitini yilezi:

1. Corpulent - sihloko Monolithic lapho isibalo ukuvuleka ingeqi 13%.
2. Elingenalutho - inombolo voids kuzo zokhahlamba kusuka 13-50%, kodwa elikhulu ubhekwa ngokuba yize kuze kube 35%.

izitini elingenalutho amaphesenti ehlukene, inani kanye nosayizi voids emzimbeni. Ezisetshenziswa kakhulu yilezi:

• iyunithi nge voids ezintathu, izimbobo nge ububanzi 52 mm, ubuze - 15%;
• ukuvimba nge voids nanye, izimbobo - 30 mm, 25%;
• ukuvimba nezingalo eziyishumi nane voids, izimbobo - 30 mm, 30%.

I izimbobo emzimbeni block ukwandisa ngokuphawulekayo izakhiwo nangokuvikela material. Futhi kuthinte izinga of wokwakha ingxube: imigodi emikhulu e block, aba maningi inani isixazululo edingekayo. Izindonga amabhlogo ozwakala kudingeka okwengeziwe vimbela.

Ukwabela a impahla

Ngu aphoyintimenti izitini ezimhlophe ababonakali ngezikhundla kanje:

1. Ukwakhiwa, ukubizwa ngokuthi abavamile, - enamandla egcwele, inombolo encane voids amabhlogo silicate. Imininingwane le nto inikeza ukuqina okusezingeni eliphezulu eyenza obandayo lokubizwa izindonga, amakholomu, izinsika, ngodonga okwakuphakathi kwamakamelo. On lokhu okubalulekile bavunyelwe khona maholoholo uqhekeke noma wacasulwa, njengoba kamuva liyombozwa wokwakha sekugcineni.
2. Kobuso - izitini eziyize, ezisetshenziswa for olungaphambili lwesonto ambozwe. The main imfuneko ngoba - umbala umfaniswano kanye ukuma olubushelelezi umonakalo. Bangakwazi embozwe mbumbulu zokuhlobisa.

Kangakanani?

Ukwenza amabhlogo silicate wenziwa kubuchwepheshe non ngamalahle. Indaba umkhiqizo has simise parallelepiped futhi senzelwe wokwakha izindonga. Esikhathini ukukhiqizwa lime-moisturized esetshenziswa kremnezomistaya noma lime-isihlabathi ingxube njengoba isibopho kanye fillers. Lezi zingxenye okwenziwa autoclaved futhi kokucindezelwa.

Ukwakheka ngqo ingxube silicate simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

• Okuza ukwakhiwa lime;
• isihlabathi imikhiqizo yokukhiqiza silicate;
• kodaka belite;
• umlotha unosnye kusukela ezishisayo izitshalo amandla;
• slag isihlabathi;
• zoloshlakovyh esihle okusanhlamvu ingxube;
• zemibala, alikhali nemithi (chromium oxide);
• amanzi avamile.

Izakhiwo slag futhi ash kukhona kangangokuthi bandisa ngokuphelele noma ingxenye sithathelwe indawo asebenza ngebhethri isihlabathi, okuyinto kunciphisa ukuminyana block silicate. Lokhu kwenza kube ngcono amandla futhi izakhiwo nangokuvikela. Futhi kulesi simo kakhulu - ngo-40% - isibopho liyancipha ingxenye futhi kunciphisa isikhathi ukusetshenziswa autoclaving, okuyinto kunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza amabhlogo silicate -20%.

Amabhulokhi sebenayo izinto umbala kokuqala - grey - noma ezinemibala lapho isinyathelo yokulungiselela isixazululo sombala wanezela.

Izidingo okucacisiwe amabhlogo silicate ingatholakala ngale mithetho elandelayo:

• GOST 23421-79.
• GOST 379-95.
• SNIP 3.03.01-87.

Izinzuzo amabhlogo silicate, imicabango yabantu abasebenzisi

Ukuthandwa lokhu okuqukethwe, ngokuvumelana ukubuyekezwa, kubangelwa eziningi izimfanelo zakhe ezinhle:

1. Izindleko iphansana ngokuziqhathanisa Analogue of izitsha zobumba.
2. On amabhlogo silicate asiyona efflorescence, kungakhathaliseki sabekwa kudalo wokwakha kuzo. isitini bobumba abakwazi ukuqhosha izakhiwo ezinjalo.
3. Block silicate has a evelele amandla izici kuka block ngobumba, lapho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi okuyinto akhiwa ufa uqala sidilike.
4. Indaba kulula ukusebenza. Ukuze nenze udonga wokwakha izitini emhlophe, akudingi imiyalelo ezikhethekile.
5. Lokhu isitini isetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa izindonga ekukhiqizeni kwamabhizinisi zezimboni, njengoba nje iye ezinhle umsindo ukwahlukanisa izici.
6. Njengoba block senziwa ngezinto zemvelo, kuba imvelo futhi akusho bungakhiphi izinto eziyingozi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
7. Indaba okuhlala isikhathi eside ngokwanele: iminyaka engu-50 wokusebenza akaphelelwa izinga layo.
8. Indlu amabhlogo silicate iqede ezikhangayo ngenxa kakhulu izimfanelo design ngezitini emhlophe.
9. Ngenxa ubuchwepheshe non ngamalahle has eziphansi kuqhathaniswa ngezitini ezibomvu.
10. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izimfanelo frost nemithi esihlabathini-lime isitini ilahlekelwa kweminye imikhiqizo, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isimo sishintshe: ukumelana frost nokuqina kwayo bayanda ngezithukuthuku emoyeni carbonation impahla.
11. imikhiqizo elingenalutho kakhulu ukunciphisa Ngakho isisindo abakhi kunciphisa umthwalo base.
12. Le nto has izinhlobonhlobo eziningi, Ubukhulu ezincane enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba ukwakha ezahlukene inhlanganisela yezakhiwo.

Okumbi amabhlogo eziphawula abathengi

Okumbi lokhu yokwakha iyehlisa amathuba ukusetshenziswa kwaso.

Block silicate, ngokungafani block Ceramic ibuthakathaka futhi heat- izici ukumelana. Ngakho-ke, njengoba kufakazelwa ngempendulo, ukusetshenziswa kwalo ukuze kwakhiwe lezisekelo, izakhiwo zewayini, imithombo, indle kanye nezinye izakhiwo nge ezingeni lelisetulu nomswakama akunakwenzeka. Amanzi kuyinto nokucekelwa okusheshayo komsebenzi.

Imigqa yokuqala wokwakha zalamaqembu.I udinga ukwenza ezingeni eliphakeme kweqhwa - nguhhafu imitha kusuka emhlabathini, noma wokwakha nciphisa. Kuze la amabhlogo wabeka block Ceramic noma izinto zokwakha.

Futhi, abasebenzisi babike ukuthi le nto asifanele lokufeza ukwakhiwa wokwakha izitofu nama noshimula, it is hhayi lukhuni futhi wabhubhisa uma nabo umlilo.

Eyokwakha multi-storey izakhiwo kusenzima umkhiqizo amancane - block silicate. Ubukhulu balo kancane kancane isikhathi eside Uhlaka nesikhathi nemsebenti.

Ukwahlukaniswa amayunithi

Kuye ngokuthi yiziphi izinto afakiwe indlela yokwakheka impahla, kuyinto isitini emhlophe:

• lime-umlotha - yakhiwa 23% lime futhi 77% umlotha;
• isihlabathi-lime - evamile block mhlophe ukuthi siqukethe 92% asebenza ngebhethri isihlabathi futhi 8% lime;
• Lime-slag - sifaka asebenza ngebhethri isihlabathi Limiselelwe ukungena nakwamanye amazwe slag engasindi (cishe 92%) kanye kwalokho lime kusuka 3 kuya 12%.

izingxenye kungase kuhluka noma isiqondiso nge 2-3%.

Njengoba amanzi e ingxube the silicate yengezwe njengoba ogelezayo nokumanzisa ejenti, isb ku inani eliphansi ukuze kuzuzwe izimfanelo isixazululo udini, le ngxube libizwa Umswakama eligxilile ikhambi cishe 8%.

Usayizi Ishadi

Namuhla, abakhiqizi abaningi emakethe zokwakha esikhiqiza izitini lobehlukene, kuhlanganise izitini emhlophe - block silicate. Ubukhulu kungokwakhe;

1. Single - unamahlangothi 250 x 65 x 120 mm (L x H x W), isisindo isilinganiso - 3.6 kg. Leli nani iyona engcono isitini nxazonke kushintshana transverse nokubekwa longitudinal we amabhlogo wokwakha.
2. Bastard (Modular) - ine Ubukhulu 250 x 120 x 88 mm, isisindo - hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-4.3 kg. Ngokuyinhloko, lezi amabhlogo kukhona brick ozwakala surface lukathayela.
3. Double - unamahlangothi 250 x 120 x 103 mm. Empeleni, lolu hlobo Phiko eziyize, ngakho ngokuvamile zokulithwala wokwakha engasindi.

amabhlogo Okunhlobonhlobo

A ezihlukahlukene abavamile isitini white pazogrebnevyh silicate block. Lokhu kwaziswa kuyinto ipuleti yokulinganisa 500 x 70 x 250 mm ne ukubekwa eziseceleni pazogrebnevyh yokuvala. Isidingo ukudala isakhiwo esinjalo kwabangelwa yisifiso lula ukwakhiwa odongeni ngodonga nokwehlisa ukukhiqizwa misebenzi.

Sezitofu siqukethe inhlanganisela amanzi, Silica isihlabathi yinhlama lime futhi quicklime, libhekene ukumelana ilangabi nobungane kwemvelo. Ngokusho ukubuyekezwa, ngenxa ezinhle emoyeni permeability egumbini kwenza isimo ukhululekile, indaba akusho ukubola, eziqondileyo ukuncela umsindo kahle. Futhi, lo mkhiqizo kungenziwa ezakhiwe ukuze enze ungqimba double of inethiwekhi ezishaywayo-agibele amahhashi futhi ukwahlukanisa.

isiphetho

Izinzuzo esemqoka le nto kukhona kalula zokusebenzela, ukuqina kanye ukubukeka sezakhiwo sakhiwa yilo. Ngenxa yalesi block lime ikufakazele ngokwayo phakathi kokubili abakhi abangochwepheshe nekhaya sezingcweti.