womuntu liningi igazi uhlelo kufaka umzimba omkhulu, inhliziyo futhi imithambo uhambe, ubuye kusukela izicubu emthanjeni. kusebenta kwato lesifanele kungenxa evamile isakhiwo ezicacile zomzimba nemibandela hemodynamic. Uma ukwephula eyodwa yalezi zimo ezimbili kwenzeka, futhi kulimaze nezinye izinhlaka ukuze igazi eligciniwe.
Ukuhambisana nesikhathi
Ngeshwa, tigameko kombungu esizalweni nazo zonke ezikhulayo minyaka yonke. Lokhu kungenxa ngokuyinhloko phansi kwemvelo emvelweni kanye nemibi impilo abazali. Kanjani ukufundisa nodokotela bezingane, ukulungiselela lo ukuzalwa kwengane kufanele uqale kusukela ebuntwaneni bakhe, ngaleyo ndlela ebonisa ukuthi labo bobabili kwabashadile ekuhleleni umndeni kufanele uthathe ngokucophelela ukuzinakekela. Ngakho, isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokukhulelwa kufanele uhlukane nale mikhuba emibi, ukwelapha izifo, umama okhulelwe - ukulungisa ukungaboni, ukudla, kujwayeleke iholide. Nokho, liyasho zenzeka, futhi kwakuthethwa amacala efana singumkhaya onempilo, izingane zizalwa kombungu esizalweni. Ngakho emazingeni ahlukahlukeneko wendlela sokukhulelwa owesifazane kufanele ibhekane ultrasound gqwa ezingaba ukubona e utero iziyaluyalu fetus. Kodwa ngisho inqubo zokuxilonga ezinjalo akusho isidingo isisu, phela imithi akusho yima, manje iningi kwasekuzalweni ngayo. Esinye sazo elikhanyayo lwemithambo emfantwini (Batalov) imbobo.
ukugeleza imisebenzi
Uhlelo of fetus ukugeleza kwegazi sihluke kakhulu ukuthi lomuntu omdala. Lokhu kungenxa amandla ayo ekhethekile utero - ngokusebenzisa placenta kusukela egazini likamama ngegazi lakhe isuke isithole yonke adingekayo ukuze izinto ukukhula-ekukhuthazeni, kuhlanganise nomoya-mpilo. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi isidingo umgudu wokuphefumula futhi wokugaya ukudla, ngokuba isikhathi ngaphambi kokuzalwa kumane ngingekho, kuyilapho esimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kwimodi eziphuthumayo. Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu yilezi yayo iwindi okusaqanda ku septum atrial, futhi Batalov imbobo. Ngosizo le-aorta zokugcina ixhunywe isiqu Umthambo yamaphaphu, nokunye egazini likamama ukundlula izitsha yamaphaphu ingena kwegazi umbungu. Ngokuvamile, e zasekuseni ekuphileni komntwana lapho waqonda emaphashini akhe, futsi wacala ukuphefumula, kufanele stenosis, futhi phakathi nezinsuku zokuqala - aqedwe ngokuphelele ziphenduka kweqembu. Nokho, uma lokhu akwenzeki, futhi uvuliwe Batalov ukugeleza ke kukhona thuthuva ezinzima hemodynamic ohlelweni kwegazi ingane.
omsakazo
izizathu ezintathu eziyinhloko salokhu malformation ungabahlukanisa. Okokuqala - lokhu kungenye angahlangani azalwa naso, elihlanganisa evulekile Batalov imbobo, isibonelo i-Down Syndrome futhi tetralogy of Fallot. Esesibili - a esindayo ngesikhathi yezinkinga eziphathelene nokubeletha, okuholela hypoxia noma asphyxia fetus. Kungenzeka ukuthi uyephuza yabo, ukuma isikhathi eside ikhanda ngenhla kwendawo yokungena ukhalo, ukudabuka kwanoma ulwelwesi, elivela kuzo inyuka ukutheleleka entanyeni intambo izihibe noma umgudu ezedlulayo ulwelwesi fetus nabanye abaningi. Futhi ekugcineni, yesithathu - ke wayedabuka, okungukuthi, utero kwakhiwa ngokungavamile ububanzi noma eside Batalov ukugeleza ngenxa umthelela izici elivela kumama kuya enganeni ngesikhathi inhliziyo ibhukumaka, okungukuthi, emavikini ekucala 10 okukhulelwa. Ngakho, teratogenic ifa izidakamizwa eziningi, e-hormone ethile, hypnotics nemithi elwa namagciwane, amagciwane, utshwala, ukubhema, izimo ukucindezeleka. Kodwa kuze kube yileso sikhathi, owesifazane kufanele abe phakathi nokuba esimweni ukuphumula ngokomzimba futhi psycho-ngokomzwelo.
pathogenesis
thuthuva Hemodynamic kule azalwa naso inhliziyo yayo yayinezinkinga ezicini, efana emfantwini Batalova imbobo zibangelwa ngokuyinhloko ukuchithela kwegazi kusukela aorta sesihlahla yamaphaphu ngenxa uzwakalise ingcindezi umyela. Ngenxa yalokho, i- yokujikeleza kwegazi eliya emaphashini igcwele kakhulu futhi kancane kancane kukhulisa stasis kulandele exudation wengxenye ketshezi plasma ku zezicubu ezizungezile. Amaphaphu abe kalula ukungenwa izifo, baba abakwazi enothisa kahle igazi nomoya-mpilo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokunciphisa ivolumu afundwa igazi kumbuthano esikhulu Ukuwohloka yayo, zonke izitho zithonywa hypoxia ezinzima, kanye umzimba ingane ngonyaka wokuqala ephakama a umfutho esiphezulu, zidinga umsoco abaningi kakhulu futhi amandla. Futhi ngenxa yokuntuleka elikhulayo sokuwohloka zabo, okuholela ukuhlupheka futhi ukusebenza kwawo. Baby uzuza isisindo kancane, ngokuvamile ogulayo, uba udlubulunda, njalo ukumemeza.
ukusebenza
Nokho, ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo akunzima kangako, ngoba inkinga kuphela uvuliwe Batalov imbobo. Ukusebenza ungoyedwa ukwelashwa yayo, ngoba izindlela olandelanayo ningenzi kuso. Yenza kuhlinzwa isici ukulungiswa ngokuvamile 5-10 iminyaka, kodwa engu kangcono lokhu ubhekwa iminyaka 3-5. Into esemqoka ukuthi kwenzekeni ngaphambi ukuthomba, uma kabusha kwama-hormone ngesikhathi i umzimba, futhi kuyodingeka ngaphezulu liningi igazi. Kukhona nobufakazi amacala elingalodwa ukwelashwa isikhulile emva ukuxilongwa sekwephuzile of okuphambene. Phakathi ukusebenza Batalov imbobo umane sutured noma ligated ukufinyelela chressosudistym kusukela Umthambo femoral kuya kulencane ukuhlukumezeka ingane kwezicubu. Konke lokhu kwenzeka ngaphansi angiography ukulawula futhi ngosizo kumadivayisi endoscopic. Lokhu mini-operation ayenziwa abahlinzayo futhi awayona inkimbinkimbi.
ukuba nombono ongafani ngeke
Ngemva ukwelashwa, isifo has umphumela omuhle, isilinganiso sobude bokuphila ngokuvamile ayiphazamiseki. Kuya ngokuthi isiphi isigaba sayo yonke isinxephezelo angelasici uma sitholakale degree of izinguquko ohlelweni semithambo kwamaphaphu. Nokho, kancane kancane, lezi iziguli ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo okukhulu, ngokuvamile nzima endocarditis infective. Uchaza Udaba olulodwa lapho neprooperirovannye iziguli wahlala iminyaka engu-70-80, ngenxa ngeziphambeko encane arteriosus ductus kanye nekhono ezinzima uhlawula umzimba.