Uyini Isivumelwano Schengen, futhi kuthinta kanjani izimpilo izivakashi abavamile

Wonke umuntu oye wezwa kuBaba futhi ibinzana, "Schengen Agreement." Nokho, abantu abaziyo ukuthi kuyini, futhi ukuthi lihluke kanjani ukuthi omthetho-European Union. Igama elithi "Schengen" alucacile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, minyaka yonke uhlu lwamazwe kokujoyina esiyisaga izinguquko zone. Kukhona futhi uthi eziye basayina isivumelwano, kodwa nokho zidinga kuvulwa angaphandle visa kazwelonke ukuvakashela insimu yalo. Futhi bakhona nalabo (ikakhulukazi isimo yemifino), okuyinto akazange angene endaweni, kodwa de empeleni waba ukuvumela ukungena engalawuliwe uthi angomakhelwane. Ake sibheke izici yalesi sivumelwano, ukuthi asizange kuphakama izinkinga ezingadingekile nge onogada basemngceleni lapho ukweqa imingcele.

Schengen Isivumelwano esasayinwa ngo-June 1985, amazwe amahlanu kuphela: eBelgium, eJalimane, iLuxembourg, iNetherlands neFrance. Umqondo ngokudala le dokhumenti kungokwalabo emazweni Benelux, phakathi kwawo phambi ukuthi kukhona isivumelwano ezinyunyana ekuvakasheni visa-free. Ukusayina yesivumelwano okwenzeka emkhunjini "Inkosazana uMarie-Astrid" eyayimi phakathi komfula Mosel endaweni convergence imingcele eJalimane, eFrance futhi Luxembourg. Lesi sivumelwano eliseduze kwaba indawo engasogwini "Schengen". Ngakho-ke, le dokhumenti ngemvume obizwa ngegama layo. Yena waziwa ngokuthi "Schengen Isivumelwano".

It enikeziwe sokwehlukaniswa izigaba aphume kwemithetho emingceleni phakathi kwala mazwe. Ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu, ngo-1990, lesi Sivumelwano sasayinwa on isicelo nezinhlinzeko zalesi sivumelwano, futhi ngemva kweminyaka engu-5, ngoMashi 1995, uye wathola, ie okuthiwa Schengen zone yasungulwa. Ngesikhathi idokhumenti ngamazwe nomunye emazweni amabili - eSpain nasePortugal. De jure, Isivumelwano Schengen uye lashabalala ngo-May 1999, lapho ejoyina amandla Amsterdam Treaty. Ngokusho kwale dokhumenti, izihlinzeko ku entry visa-free ngaphakathi zone ziye kufakwe jikelele umthetho EU.

Ngakho, imithetho yesivumelwano Schengen kukhona ngaphakathi zone de empeleni waba. Lokho ngokuqondene nesidingo ukwazi izivakashi evamile kusuka ezweni ngaphandle EU - ezifana eRussia, Ukraine, njll ...? Okokuqala, akuzona zonke izifundazwe eziye basayina isivumelwano yalezi afakiwe zone. Ngokwesibonelo, e-Ireland nase-United Kingdom ivume iSivumelwano, kodwa kuphela endaweni amaphoyisa nokubambisana zokwahlulela. Ukuze uvakashele kula mazwe, abantu bakwamanye amazwe kudingeka visa ekhethekile kazwelonke. Isivumelwano asisebenzi ezindaweni kwezilwandle aseYurophu ngaphakathi esifundeni: Netherlands, France, eDenmark, eNorway. Abafokazi ephethe Schengen visa nge entry olulodwa, Kumelwe ukhumbule into eyodwa. Ukushayela ibe yemifino isimo Andorra, abafuni ukuzibopha uma ndawo, futhi uyobasekela abanakukwazi ukuhlanganyela emsebenzini bayavuma.

Kukhona eyodwa inkinga ngaphezulu: akuzona zonke amazwe Schengen Agreement ngo-2013 (uhlu ngempela voluminous, ehlanganisa amazwe 30) zifakwe endaweni eyayidume lokulawula visa. EBulgaria, Cyprus, Romania futhi Croatia bajoyine idokhumenti. Nokho, kokubili izakhamuzi zabo futhi bokufika visa kazwelonke kula mazwe, kudingeka imvume ekhethekile faka endaweni yezwe ngaphandle kwendawo Schengen.