UNikolai Erdman: Biography, izithombe. UNikolai Erdman futhi Angelina Stepanova

art Soviet amumethe amagama abantu abaningi abadumile: abalobi kanye scriptwriters futhi ababhali bemidlalo. Enye yalezi abaholi ubuciko kwaba UNikolai Erdman, ogama biography is kancane eyaziwa. Futhi okwamanje nguye owabhala screenplays anjalo amafilimu owaziwa nenkathi yamaSoviet, njengoba "iVolga-iVolga" futhi "Fellows Jolly". Cabangela indaba yalo muntu futhi umsebenzi wakhe kabanzi.

Esakhula

UNikolai Erdman kuba njengoba endala njengoba ekhulwini, wazalwa ngo-1900. nomuzi waKhe bomdabu kwaba eMoscow. Abazali screenwriter esizayo wemidlalo kwakungekaNkulunkulu bezizwe ezihlukahlukene: umama uValentina Borisovna babevela wamaJuda, futhi uyise, Robert Karlovich zazivela Baltic amaJalimane.

Umlobi esizayo futhi imbongi kahle wafunda futhi wakwazi ukubonisa ngokwaso njengoba umfundi omuhle kakhulu e Petropavlovsk esikoleni kwezohwebo.

Inguquko wamthola nesikhombisa izinsizwa, yena evele kwashintsha ukuphila kwakhe. Ngo-1919 ngabuthelwa Red Army, uNikolai Erdman wakwazi demobilize ngonyaka.

Ngemva demobilization ngensizwa kwafaka kusukela imvelo okudala eMoscow. Waba nesithakazelo ethandwa ke imagism, wabhala izinkondlo for izingoma, iziphi ke lwenziwa cabaret, imisebenzi satirical nemidlalo. Ngokushesha igama lakhe waziwa imvelo waseshashalazini, futhi umlobi abasha wamenywa ebhayisikobho njengoba umlobi wemidlalo yaseshashalazini, has a ipeni elibukhali, baqinile futhi bayaphikelela.

iminyaka phakathi

I eko kwekhulu lama-20 kwakufanele Erdman beyithela khulu lapho. Uye wabambisana V bodumo E. Meyerholdom. Kwaba UNikolai Erdman wabhala imibhalo kudlala ngokuthi "Ukuzibulala" futhi "igunya", okwakubekelwa lolungenamaphutsa okuhleliwe ngesikhathi amathiyetha eMoscow.

Ngo-1927, emphilweni wemidlalo enkathini entsha - waba umbhali wemidlalo. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke ngaleyo minyaka iskripthi lakhe ubulotshiwe i-movie ethi- "Fellows Jolly". Nokho, ngo-1933, umbhali wemidlalo, Uboshiwe wase ededelwa ekuthunjweni kuphela ngemva kweminyaka emithathu.

Ngemva kokukhuluma Erdman akakwazanga ukuhlala eMoscow, Kwakudingeka aphile Ryazan futhi Kalinin. Ngo-1940, umlobi kuhanjiswe ku Saratov.

Lapho iMpi Enkulu Patriotic, Erdman wathunyelwa ezingemuva njengoba abantu alithembekile kwezombusazwe. Nokho, kwaba nempi washintsha ukuphila lwembhali. Kanye lamabutho ekhonsathini, waqala ukuya kwi izimpi impi, ayezosebenza njengabaqondisi umlingisi reciter.

Ngemva kwempi, ukhanda wamomotheka Edman, wazama ukuba baziphathe ngesizotha musa aphume ashone ngaphezulu ukugxeka ubuholi wezwe (ngenxa ukugxekwa okunjalo, futhi kwake baboshwe). Wayesebenza njengoba umbhali, ikakhulu njengoba umlobi wemidlalo yaseshashalazini, uye wabambisana amathiyetha ehola yezwe, futhi ngo-1951 yena waba ngisho yaklonyeliswa Stalin Prize.

UNikolai Erdman washona ngo-1970, wembelwa eMoscow.

Erdman futhi NKVD

Umlando kokuboshwa lokuqala Erdman sihlehlela emuva 1933. Khona-ke umqondisi ifilimu, kanye UNikolai Erdman wahlala Gagra, lapho abantu abangu ngokudubula izithombe "Fellows Jolly". Nokho, babegcina kabuhlungu ngoba Erdman. Waboshwa yi NKVD. Abacwaningi umsebenzi yakhe ibonisa ukuthi isizathu ukuboshwa kwaba umbhalo kuyinganekwane, satirical isithombe zelizwe ka Stalin, eyabhalwa Erdmann, lifundeke omunye etemibhalo kusihlwa Katchalov umlingisi.

Ngaphezu ukuboshwa Erdman Waselinda ukuphoxeka - umqondisi G. Alexandrov waphoqeleka ukususa igama lakhe izikweletu ukuze "Fellows Jolly".

Nokho, phakathi naleyo minyaka engu nokhahlo nge Erdmann wafika kahle ngokwanele: umbhali ezineshwa badingiselwa eSiberia (e Yeniseysk, bese - ku saseTomsk). Liberation ekuthunjweni kwaba kuphela ngo-1936. Nokho, umlobi wemidlalo yaseshashalazini base ukuthi kuphulwe umthetho amalungelo iminyaka embalwa futhi kwadingeka ukuba kube kulowo muzi elingumakhelwane eMoscow, hhayi ukukwazi ukuphila enhloko-dolobha, aze azalwe ngalo.

UNikolai Erdman futhi Angelina Stepanova: indaba uthando

ikhasi Bright empilweni wemidlalo zaqala lithandana actress Angelina Stepanova. Erdman futhi Stepanova elalihlangana eMoscow 20s. Yomibili le mikhaya (Nokho Erdman esehlala mshado wasehhovisi nomunye abadansi, kodwa umshado Stepanova kwaba esisemthethweni futhi negama). Ngenxa yalokho, waqala romance isivunguvungu abantu ababili abanamakhono, abaqhubeka ekuphileni izincwadi.

Angelina Stepanova akakwazanga ukumelana ukuphila okumbaxa-mbili futhi wamshiya umyeni wakhe, kodwa Erdman ekujaheni babe bangashadi. Kodwa indaba yabo saba side kangakanani. Stepanova akayikhohliwe Erdmann ngisho nalapho isoka uboshiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyinto yena, ngokuba actress abadumile, wakwazi ukuzithengela ngoba abakhethiwe nokunciphisa yakhe ngekusasa lakhe. Uthando actress ukuze Edman sasisikhulu kangangokuba lapho kumbangela yakhe ukuvakashela ngasese lover wakhe e isixhumanisi.

Nokho, ngemva kokuzwa ukuthi Erdmann futhi ngeke ahlukane ezivamile-law umkakhe, Stepanov wahluleka basinde kule igalelo othayi elinqunywe lover wakhe. Futhi kumisiwe izincwadi zawo, owathatha iminyaka engu-7.

Imiphumela uthando idrama

Destiny Erdman futhi Stepanova zahlukana. Lo mlingisi wayeshade umbhali Alexander Fadeyev. abathandi Owabe wahlangana iminyaka engu-22 kuphela kamuva. On kulo mhlangano ethinta inhliziyo Stepanova wabhala encwadini yakhe yezenzakalo zansuku njengoba izikhathi ongenakulibaleka zokuphila kwakhe. Lapho beqhubeka angikaze ngimbone.

Stepanov wafunda ngokusebenzelana Erdman ukufa, ukuba uhambo eKiev. Emngcwabeni wakhe, yena ngamabomu awuhambanga.

Lona wesifazane enamandla futhi enhle ngasinda lover wakhe iminyaka engu-30. Ekupheleni ukuphila, bathulula umphefumulo wakhe encwadini yakhe yezenzakalo zosuku, yena kamunyu wakhumbula umlando yothando lwakhe, abafisa ukuthi Erdman asikwazanga ukulondoloza imizwa yakho. Stepanova futhi ngizisole Erdman isiphetho kakhulu, ekholelwa ukuthi wayengumholi ngethalente lakhe elikhulu akazange ukuphatha ukuthatha liyindawo efanelekayo izincwadi Russian.

Cooperation yemidlalo ku Taganka

Imisebenzi eminingi ebhalwe ukuze asindise ukuphila kwakhe Erdman Nikolay Robertovich, Biography of lo muntu ukuthi ukunconywa.

Engxenyeni yesibili yokuphila kwakhe okudala lapho umbhali ungababaleli kuphela umthwalo zeminyaka ezidlule, kodwa izici ebuhlungu "alithembekile", wabasiza ngempela umngane wakhe omkhulu - umqondisi yaseshashalazini Yuri Lyubimov. Nge Lyubimov Erdman wahlangana ngesikhathi sempi (babesebenza ndawonye omunye phambi Kantserna lamabutho).

It Lyubimov, indoda abanamakhono futhi ebucayi, wakwazi ukubona e Nikolae Robertoviche ithalente untapped. Lyubimov, waba umqondisi omkhulu, ubeke phezu kwayo eziningi Erdmann udlala isiphi isigaba sayo yonke le nkundla. Kuyinto sibonga Taganka Theatre Erdmann wakwazi waphinda uzizwe izethameli safuna wemidlalo.

Ukudala Erdman: kinoraboty izingane

abagxeki banamuhla bakholelwa ukuthi Erdman Nikolay Robertovich bengeke bakwazi ukufika abaqapheli ngokugcwele ngamakhono abo okungavamile. Waloba iskripthi esikhulu amafilimu, okuyizinto ke izigidi ababukeli abukelwa isithakazelo.

Erdman wayenesiphiwo kukho konke, ngisho nalapho Mina ngangisebenza amaskripthi inganekwane ( "Umlilo, amanzi kanye amapayipi ithusi", "Frost", "Idolobha Masters" nokunye. D.). Ngemva kokuboshwa futhi ekudingisweni kwakhe abenzi mafilimu babesaba wayimemela ukusebenza script for ifilimu sina, kodwa zesi iphathwa Erdman ukuthola abaqotho ngaphezulu, ngakho-ke wasebenza njengomfundisi umbhali script for opopayi ezingaphezu kwezingu-30-Soviet. Phakathi kwabo kukhona ezifana opopayi abadumile ngokuthi "indoda kancane wangidonsela", "The Adventures of Pinocchio", "Thumbelina", njalo njalo. D.

ekudalweni Value Erdman

Abaningi ababeye babhekana nazo ekuphileni kwakhe imbongi, umbhali, screenwriter wemidlalo UNikolai Erdman. Izithombe lo muntu wenza zonke izinsuku zokuphila kwakhe, ake sibone ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani ubuso bakhe. Uma izithombe kwi izethameli bobusha ukubukeka kuyindida umbhali kancane abasha ngubani amaphupho ukuqaphela ngokwabo ekuphileni, kamuva sibona ubuso engajabule sendoda ukhathele.

Abanye ababephila ngokuthi Erdmann ohluliwe. Phela, naphezu ithalente lakhe, wayengasaboni abaqapheli ngokugcwele ngokwabo ezincwadini, ngasinda ejele, abalekele kwamanye amazwe futhi uvimbele imisebenzi yakhe, futhi ekuphileni kwakhe siqu, naphezu kwezinkinga elalibhekene ngemishado emithathu, umlobi wayengacabangi zenzeke. Yebo, konke lokho kwase emphilweni UNikolai Erdman, kodwa namanje le ndoda okuningi ukwenza emhlabathini, ngakho igama lakhe akufanele bethola la mavangeli.