Umqambi Anton Rubinstein nangemisebenzi yakhe

A neqhaza ekuthuthukiseni isiko Russian zomculo ukwenze Anton Rubinstein. Imisebenzi ezifana indaba emfushane "Ondine", the opera "Kristu", "Dmitry Donskoy", "Demon", inkondlo Symphonic "Faust," "Ivan Grozny" kanye nabanye abaningi, ngimlethile ukuqashelwa international. Kuthathwa iphayona ukuthuthukiswa pianism. Izingoma eziningi azenza kukhona yimpumelelo enkulu, ngisho esikhathini sethu.

Umlando ebuntwaneni

Umbhali abaziwa umhlaba wonke, umqhubi nomculo uthisha kwakungu-Anton Grigorevich Rubinshteyn. Biography waqala Novemba walo 16, 1829 edolobhaneni Vyhvatinets Podolia (Pridnestrovie) emkhayeni ocebile. Uyise, Grigoriy Romanovich, kwaba yomthengisi kwezizukulwane ezimbalwa. Umama, Karelia Khristoforovna kwaba umculi. Futhi, umculi omkhulu, bakhona odadewabo ababili abasebasha nowesilisa. Lapho u-Anton kwaba cishe iminyaka emithathu ubudala, nomkhaya wakhe bathuthela e-Moscow.

Ukuqala umsebenzi wokudala

Nge umsuka yokuqala ubuciko zomculo we hero indaba yethu unina kwethulwa. Lapho ngineminyaka engu-eziyisikhombisa, u-Anton Rubinstein wathatha izifundo kusukela umqambi bodumo AI Villuana, ngikutholile ngakho amakhono ukudlala upiyano. Ukusebenza lokuqala ngesikhathi eneminyaka eyishumi ubudala usivulele indlela odumo. Ngokushesha ngemva kokusebenza ngempumelelo wahamba, ephelezelwa umeluleki wakhe nge uhambo ekhonsathini ka-Europe.

Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva Rubinstein umkhaya wathuthela Berlin. Elapho, waqhubeka ukufundela umculo, kodwa manje uye abe umfundisi odumile Zigfrid Den. Kulapha ukuthi umculi osemusha wahlangana oluvelele Feliksom Mendelsonom futhi Dzhakomo Meyerberom.

Lapho u-Anton kwaba iminyaka eyishumi nesikhombisa ngemva ukufa the Pope, unina nomfowabo omncane wabuyela eMoscow, futhi Rubinstein wayeya bahlala Vienna. Ukuze siphile ngandlela-thile, inikeza ngamunye izifundo umculo izingane ezivela emikhayeni ekhomba ngophakathi.

Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu sathutha, waphinde kuziwa Russia. Ukuthola Petersburg, u-Anton Rubinstein waziphatha esiqhuba. Wabuye unika amakhonsathi yangasese esigodlweni, abaphumelela okukhulu. Futhi, ngalesi sikhathi yakhe umsebenzi wokudala is zithandelana bomculo owaziwa futhi cellists, ezifana MI Glinka, NJENGOBA Dargomyzhsky, YAMI Wielhorsky, KB Schubert.

imisebenzi

Ngo-1850 baba nomhlangano ukusebenza bukhoma, lapho indaba hero yethu kwenza DEBUT yakhe wokuba umbhidisi. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, wabhala omunye wemidlalo ye-opera enkulu - "Dmitry Donskoy". Ngokushesha ngemva isipiliyoni kuqala kakade njengoba umqambi Rubinshteyn Anton kudala ezintathu imisebenzi omunye-isenzo: ". Tommy le Fool" "Revenge", "abazingeli laseSiberia" futhi Futhi ngalesi sikhathi, wenza izinyathelo zokuqala akuphumelelanga ukwakha isikhungo zomculo Petersburg.

Ngo-1854, Rubinstein banquma ukuthuthela edolobheni laseJalimane Weimar, kukhona ajwayelane Liszt, omsiza ukuba kule opera. Ebusika 1854 umqambi kokwenza ekhonsathini e Gewandhaus, okuyinto iphela ukunqoba enkulu. Ngemva kwalokhu impumelelo, uyahamba olandelayo ekhonsathini ukuvakasha emadolobheni amakhulu ezifana Vienna, Munich, Hamburg, Nice.

Amazing

Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, ekufikeni kwakhe eRussia, u-Anton Rubinstein uqondisa yonke imizamo yayo phezu kuvulwa Russian Musical Society. Kukulo muzi lapho, ukwenza umsebenzi, enza njengoba umbhidisi weqembu lebutho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umqambi akagcini babuka kwamanye amazwe. Ngemva kuvulwa amakilasi kwakukhona kabusha of Inkampani e somculo wokuqala Russian. Famous wopiyano Rubinstein kwakungeyona nje omunye umholi walo wokuqala, kodwa futhi umbhidisi weqembu lebutho kanye choir, uprofesa upiyano kanye namalungiselelo.

Ngo-1867 ngenxa ukungavumelani ezihlobene indima umculo esikoleni eyivula nazo izibalo zomculo ngokulinganayo owaziwa sikhathi, ishiya le post ka umqondisi.

umsebenzi omkhulu

Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, u-Anton Rubinstein ubhala emsebenzini omkhulu kunayo yonke - "Demon". Kwaba censors yakhe akazange avumele eminye iminyaka emine. Okwamanje, umqambi iyinhloko amakhonsathi we "okuthiwa iSociety of Friends of Music Vienna."

Ngo-1873 waya bezobuka eMelika kanye Genrikom Venyavskim (violin). Ukubuyela ngemva ngonyaka ePeterhof, umqambi wabhala Wesine Symphonies ngoba umculo "noMaccabees" nesithi "Somthengisi Kalashnikov".

Eminyakeni 1885-1886, uchungechunge amakhonsathi zomlando okunenjongo emizini eYurophu Ephakathi, eyayinesihloko cishe yonke usebenzela upiyano uwedwa. Ngemva konyaka, Rubinstein uphinde waqoka ukuba isikhundla esiphezulu ngesikhathi somculo.

Novemba 8, 1894, ngenkathi ePeterhof, u-Anton Grigorevich Rubinshteyn wafa. Ubizwa wangcwatshwa Necropolis, abaculi emathuneni.

impumelelo

Ngokungangabazeki, iqhaza elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni ngowokuqala umculo esikoleni eRussia ukwenze Anton Rubinstein. Biography of ngale ndoda ephawulekayo kusikisela ukuthi konke ukuphila kwakhe bathi wayeyingane efana nezinye fighter ngemibono imfundo yabantu esekelwe emasikweni iyona. Ngakho-ke, it is futhi kubhekwa umsunguli umculo imfundo. abafundi bakhe bavumelana ezinjalo abantu abadumile njengoba PI Tchaikovsky, J. Hoffmann, GA Laroche.

Cishe zonke umculo izinhlobo encompasses ifa okudala Anton Rubinstein. Ubuciko, eyabhalwa kuye, baba izibonelo ezicacile zendlela Russian opera lyric.

Ngakho, ukuze asindise ukuphila kwakhe konke ebhala inqwaba imisebenzi, kuhlanganise 15 opera, umculo wezinsimbi eziyisithupha, oratorios ezinhlanu futhi concertos for upiyano futhi kuyi-orchestra, ubuhlobo bothando kuyi-120 nezingoma, ezingaphezu kuka-200 imisebenzi for upiyano.

Futhi abaphumelelayo kwecala lakhe njengoba umlobi kwezinye izincwadi, ezifana "izindaba ngokuphila kwakhe," "Umculo nabameleli bayo," "Ibhokisi ukucabanga". Kuzo umbhali obala echazwe umbono wakhe ngokuphila, umculo kanye nemisebenzi okudala bomculo eziningi odumile we esidlule nesamanje.

Ngakho, singasho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi banikela ngendlela ebalulekile isiko zomculo ukwenze Anton Rubinstein. Biography of lo muntu omkhulu libonisa ukuthi kwavula indlela yokuba imisebenzi yakhe ukudala imisebenzi ezinkulu.

Phakathi umsebenzi wakhe, yena yanikezelwa Order "Ukuze kokufaneleka emkhakheni wezobuciko nesayensi."