Umlando Christmas amathoyizi eRussia. Umlando nesenzakalo Christmas amathoyizi izingane

Unyaka omusha - iholide eside elindelwe kwabaningi, njalo, unyaka nonyaka, ngijabulisa nathi izipho, ajabule nemibomo fresh. Kokubili abadala kanye nezingane uthando kuyinto grand, egcwele amanothi ukukhanya umlingo kanye umcimbi lwasemaphusheni futhi baqala ukulungiselela ke eside ngaphambi ivela khona.

On esitolo amashalofu avele elikhanyayo Christmas amabhola, tinsel esiliva kanye nemiklamo. Futhi kuyo yonke imizi ikhona futhi ezikhungweni eziningi bashesha bahlele ezihlotshiswe kahle Christmas Tree.

Sekuyisikhathi eside Zonke lezi izimfanelo samaholide ukujwayelana nathi. Futhi bambalwa abantu abacabanga ukuthi yini umlando Unyaka omusha amathoyizi futhi kungani kwakukhona isiko ukufaka nihlobise isihlahla iholide.

Ukuze umthombo: isiko ukuhlobisa isihlahla sikaKhisimusi

Kunezinganekwane eziningi ekhuluma kungani isihlahla esihlale siluhlaza kwaba imfanelo esiyisibopho ethandekayo ebusika holiday.

yesimanjemanje ukuhlobisa isihlahla sikaKhisimusi kanye izinto ezihlukahlukene ezihlobene ngokuqondile emasikweni enkolo.

Kodwa umlando Christmas amathoyizi kanye imihlobiso isihlahla esihlale siluhlaza has nezimpande ezijulile, evela eside ngaphambi ukuvelela ubuKristu. Lolusiko eladabuka banamuhla Europe.

izizwe ezingamaqaba German ngokuqinile ayekholelwa ebukhoneni imimoya emibi. amandla Special lezi zinkampani wathatha abandayo kusihlwa ebusika ku. Futhi ukuze ukushweleza emimoyeni, amaJalimane wangena ehlathini ukuhlobisa fir, okuyinto kusolakala wahlala amabutho ezimbi. Izithelo kanye ezihlukahlukene amaswidi, okuyinto zikhanyise isisindo womtholo, waba sibonelo lamadolobha esimanjemanje isihlahla sikaKhisimusi imihlobiso. Unjalo-ke umlando nesenzakalo Christmas amathoyizi.

Kamuva, isiko wathwalwa Welela inkolo yobuKristu, kodwa esasifake umongo ehluke ngokuphelele.

Isiko isihlahla sikaKhisimusi ku Russia

Umlando Christmas amathoyizi waqala eRussia kusukela 1700, lapho wezinguquko enkulu nephayona uPetru engeniswa kuleli esuka eYurophu, kwakusalandelwa isiko lokuba umuntu zokuhlobisa isihlahla sikaKhisimusi. Endlini ngayinye noma egcekeni ebusika manje okufanele abe conifer.

"Esikhathini ngaphandle omkhulu, thina ngamabomu izindlu kwamasango ukubeka abanye imihlobiso emthini, namahlamvu kaphayini, sonwele kanye zokhuni" - ukufunda isimemezelo, ngemvume ngesandla ngowokuqala Zonke-Russian uMbusi.

Kancane kancane, leli siko uthethe impande, futhi umlando amathoyizi New Year eRussia kakade lithole ukuthuthukiswa yayo.

Lapho benza ithoyizi ingilazi?

Uma sikhuluma amathoyizi lwanamuhla kaNcibijane, umlando ukubukeka sebete eJalimane.

Ngisho nangaphambi kokuba ekuqaleni 1800s zazisetshenziswa njengezibonakaliso imihlobiso nati, izithelo, uswidi amakhukhi. Umlando Christmas amathoyizi isanda kusungulwa.

Ukwakha ngengilazi Christmas amathoyizi waqala Wakhulela edolobheni elincane i-German of Lauscha. Lapha wawusegunjini a ohlabayo i ifektri ubudala, oveza izibuko, nezitsha zokuphuza, isitsha sezimbali, ubuhlalu kanye nezinye izinto zasendlini.

Ngo-1848, waba ngowokuqala ingilazi ibhola - prototype lamadolobha esimanjemanje isihlahla sikaKhisimusi amathoyizi. Futhi kamuva, ngo-1867, wavula ngo Lauscha yesimanje sikhathi gasworks. Nge igesi glassmakers Ungase nishaye Balloons nge abahle izindonga ziyaqothuka.

Waqala kanjalo-ke umlando kudalwa Christmas ingilazi amathoyizi - lanamuhla ethandwa kakhulu isihlahla sikaKhisimusi imihlobiso.

On insimu yezwe lethu iholide imihlobiso eseqala ukuveza ngezinga ezimbonini ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yokuqala kuphela. Klinskaya ifektri "Herringbone" sakhulula amabhola lokuqala, okuyizinto ke atholakala cishe kuyo yonke imizi.

ithoyizi Oku-wamavukelambuso

Fashion for Christmas imihlobiso uvele Russia ngekhulu le-19 lapho iNdlovukazi Alexandra Feodorovna. It igama lakhe elihlobene ne umlando nesenzakalo Christmas amathoyizi ezweni lethu. Okokuqala wayekade egqoke isihlahla sikaKhisimusi kanye imihlobiso elikhanyayo, senziwa ngqo le njongo, njengoba kwenziwa e-Europe.

Glass amathoyizi ezazidliwa ngaleso sikhathi, izakhamuzi abacebile kuphela. Abantu abavamile zokuhlobisa isihlahla sikaKhisimusi kanye izindlela ngokurhaba - amantongomane, yezandla ezenziwe ngokhuni.

ERussia zangaphambi wamavukelambuso yayithandwa Christmas amathoyizi iphepha obukhulu - okubizwa ngokuthi Dresden amakhadibhodi. Kwakumelwe umkhiqizo ngobuningi, we halves ezimbili ethe njo amakhadibhodi anemibala.

Ukuze ahlobise esetshenziswa njengoba amathoyizi eyenziwe ukotini: izingelosi imifanekiso yezinto zokudlala, izingane, amatilosi - nge uzimele metal ngaphakathi.

Glass iphosilini amabhola okungenisiwe ngaleso sikhathi eRussia ngokuyinhloko eJalimane. Kwakumelwe ngokungafani yesimanje - ezenziwe ngengilazi obukhulu futhi kuhlaziywe kakhulu evamile kithi ubucwebe.

Soviet isihlahla sikaKhisimusi ithoyizi

Imizi eminingi in the Year New jewelry amabhokisi ingatholakala imikhiqizo zokukhiqiza Soviet. Izinguqulo ethandwa kakhulu lesi sikhathi abangu ezinemibala icicles, uplastiki namabhodlela izithelo nemifino, isikhwebu sommbila njengomqondo oyinkolelo we Khrushchev inkathi.

Umlando Christmas amathoyizi nenkathi yamaSoviet Ihlobene ngokuseduze imibono yesikhathi. Ukuhlobisa kwalesi sikhathi ne ekumeni abaholi focus thematic bayigugu ngesikhathi wabenza Antique akuyona esingaphansi amabhola, ogama yobudala iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu.

Ngemva inguquko, futhi isikhathi eside ukuhlobisa isihlahla sikaKhisimusi kwakungavunyelwe. Lokhu kwakubhekwa njengesibusiso inkokhiso emasikweni Western, zenkolo futhi nhlobo.

Ukukhiqizwa Christmas imihlobiso ngezinga ezimbonini waqala ngemva kuka-1935, lapho esinqumweni Ephakeme KaHulumeni kanye isihlahla sikaKhisimusi lalimisa wabuya emizini izakhamuzi zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa njengoba accessory zemikhosi.

Ukukwenza ukudala zemikhosi, umkhathi imilingo njengoba isihlahla ubuka ehlotshiswe emibalabala amathoyizi enhlobonhlobo. Eyokuqala ukugubha Soviet New Year labetibambile ngo-1937 e-House of Unions.

Ngokuvamile ngalesi sikhathi esetshenziswa njengoba imihlobiso amathoyizi okuzenzela ezenziwe iphepha, amakhadibhodi, papier-Mache.

Nokho, ngabo-1930 ngasekupheleni - 1940 ekuseni, ukukhiqizwa izimboni waqala ukuthuthukisa, ngisho eminyakeni enzima kweMpi Yezwe II akazange ayeke. amathoyizi New Year ayenziwa ngesikhumba ezihlukahlukene imikhiqizo imfucuza: wire, amabhandishi yezokwelapha, uhala.

Kusukela ngafika amandla esikhathini ncibilika Khrushchev sika e Christmas imihlobiso kwaba inkulumo-ze ingasaphathwa. Kodwa manje uqala ukukhiqiza amathoyizi nendlu izifundo zezolimo. On kaNcibijane noboya-izihlahla kungabonwa izaqathe, ukhukhamba, isikhwebu sommbila, samovars kanye amabhuzu. Ngalesi sikhathi, saqala ukuba kukhiqizwa, okuyinto zithandwa Christmas amathoyizi - icicles.

Umlando Christmas amathoyizi izingane nenkathi yamaSoviet, isungule kakhulu ngenkuthalo. Ngalesi sikhathi, uveza imihlobiso eminingi ngesimo amaqhawe inganekwane: Humpbacked Horse, Red Riding Hood, izilwane ezincane ezingabonwayo futhi attics ehlotshisiwe sikakhusimusi cishe kuyo yonke imizi Soviet.

Post-Soviet isihlahla ithoyizi

Ngemva kokuwa umlando USSR Christmas amathoyizi wathola emzuliswaneni omusha yentuthuko. izimpahla ezivela kwamanye amazwe zaqala ukuphoqelela basekhaya imikhiqizo emakethe. Manje bayanda kaNcibijane noboya-izihlahla ungase ubone amabhola anemibala futhi Izigaxa ukukhiqizwa angaphandle.

Glass amathoyizi aqala ukuphelelwa ngokuhlathulula ukusebenza kwawo ngenxa amanani aphezulu. Bakhandwa indawo imikhiqizo kunengqondo ngaphezu futhi ashibhile eyenziwe ngepulasitiki ne acrylic.

Esikhathini amathoyizi 1990 evumelanisiwe ukukhiqizwa wasemakhishini kakhulu kancane. Kube fashion izinkanyezi, futhi ngokuvamile ezitolo zingatholakala zokuhlobisa nge stickers, izithombe zezilwane, izinhlamvu eza ngonyaka.

Ngo kowezi-2000, kwafika fashion Minimalism, futhi, ngokuya, nokuthambekela atehlukanisa European zisabonakala amathoyizi Christmas.

Namuhla, njengoba enjalo, imfashini izesekeli loNyaka Omusha alikho. Lapho isihlahla sikaKhisimusi umhlobiso ezimweni eziningi kubuswa isitayela ngokuyinhloko jikelele elingaphakathi kanye siqu ukunambitheka izintandokazi zayo.

Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo amathoyizi kaNcibijane

• Phakathi neMpi Yezwe I setha isihlahla sikaKhisimusi okwakwenqatshelwe: isiko kwakuhambisana nezinga isiko German; Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yesimo sezombusazwe kuleliya lizwe kanye nasemhlabeni jikelele wonkana, ukufaka ngendlela oyiqokile sikakhusimusi ku isikhathi elahlekile ngokuhlathulula ukusebenza kwawo.
• Kuyinto ukwazi ukuthi leholele kwamandla Soviet, esikhathini Yezinguquko jikelele eRussia ukufaka ekhaya sikakhusimusi nihlobise ngayo amathoyizi kwakungelona ezifiselekayo; le mfanelo kuthathwa njengesibikezelo esiyiso "esifuze lenkolo", elingazange angena umqondo jikelele ekwakheni uhlelo wezwe lamakhomanisi, mahhala kusuka umbhedesho yobuKristu.
• Umlando nesenzakalo Christmas amathoyizi izingane njalo elihlobene ne izinhlamvu lwasemaphusheni: izinhlamvu imisebenzi Pushkin izingane abangu owawusekelwe izithombe Christmas amathoyizi ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19.

ongakhetha Popular design izihlahla Christmas

Omunye izinqumo ethandwa kakhulu ngoKhisimusi izihlahla design kuyinto amathoyizi umhlobiso inhlanganisela imibala emibili: blue nesiliva, obomvu, negolide, omhlophe noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukuze uthole ezinye izinketho ezifana asetshenziswa okuqinile-umbala amabhola. Ungasebenzisa amathoyizi ngesimo imicibisholo noma amakhandlela.

Nokho, okuqinile-umbala ongakhetha design kuthiwa yaphela kancane kancane zize kamuva, displacing imihlobiso egqamile. I fashion eclectic, ngokuhlanganisa izitayela ezahlukene kanye indlela yokwenza.

Imvula kanye tinsel, ethandwa ezikhathini amaSoviet nasemakamu okuthunyelwe namaSoviet namuhla elahlekile ngokuhlathulula ukusebenza kwawo. A okufana ezivamile - isihlahla sikaKhisimusi umhlobiso ubuhlalu namabhola e nesitayela esifanako.

Omunye Amathrendi wesimanje kunazo ukuphokophela kukhona amathoyizi New Year ezenziwe ngezandla zabo. I mikhuba - isihlahla sikaKhisimusi umhlobiso ezihlukahlukene amaswidi: amakhukhi esikhanyayo ocwebezelayo amakhekhe.

Abathandi efudumele futhi ethokomele amanothi umklami ingaphakathi izixazululo bayokwazisa amathoyizi eyenziwe wawungathi.

What do amathoyizi KaNcibijane?

amathoyizi Modern zahlukahlukene kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile ningathwali injongo. Ukukhetha Huge womumo nemibala ziyamjabulisa iso futhi kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba ukudala egqamile.

Nokho, ekuqaleni zonke ithoyizi kwenziwe umfanekiso, ngandlela-thile ezihlobene ubuKristu.

amathoyizi New Year amelela:

• Amakhandlela - ukukhanya okungokomoya, umhlatshelo kaKristu;
• amabhola - apula sika-Adamu;
• izithelo nemifino - wenzalo ngonyaka ozayo;
• insimbi - njengentelezi ukuthi zivikela amabutho amnyama futhi ngamashwa;
• amaqebelengwane amise namakhukhi - nesinkwa esingenamvubelo asetshenziswayo iSidlo SeNkosi;
• inkanyezi phezulu isihlahla sikaKhisimusi - inkanyezi yaseBhetlehema, kungenzeka ukuthi ababhula ngezinkanyezi ucacise indlela uJesu owayesanda kuzalwa izipho.

izinto ngalendoda sika

Namuhla, isihlahla sikaKhisimusi imihlobiso - akuyona kuphela izesekeli ukuthi zisetshenziselwa ukwakha isihlahla Unyaka omusha. Amanye amathoyizi afana okukhethekile futhi benziwe ikhophi eyodwa.

Lezi imihlobiso kukhona imali eningi futhi into ngomona isifiso wabantu abaqoqa eziningi.

Okuyigugu zakhiwe mncane ecacile ingilazi amathoyizi, ngesandla ngesineke. Babukeka elicwengiweyo kakhulu nenhle futhi ofanele hhayi kuphela zokuhlobisa isihlahla sikaKhisimusi, kodwa futhi njengendlela umhlobiso samaholide ingaphakathi.

Sekuthanda esikweni elidumile ngaphezulu ukwethula ezibizayo isihlahla sikaKhisimusi imihlobiso njengesipho loNyaka Omusha. Lezi amathoyizi ngeke ukuhlobisa noma yimuphi umuthi futhi babe nokuziqhenya ongenambangi yomnikazi.