Ukusebenza sezulu. Izivakashi: version zezulu. ukusebenza sezulu

abakhiqizi imishini yanamuhla, Imishini kanye neminye imikhiqizo kagesi ziyadingeka abanamathela inombolo ngokwanele ezinkulu kwemibhalo zokulawula ehlukahlukene. Ngenxa yalokho, imikhiqizo ehlongozwayo nezimfuneko umthengi kanye nezidingo emizimbeni kokwenza ukulawula izinga. Omunye mibandela yinguqulo zezulu.

amagama

Ukujwayelaniswa nge umbuzo ngamunye kumelwe siqale sifunde ngezincazelo izincazelo esetshenziswa. Ngakho kuqala sizama ukunika ekwakhiweni kucace kakhulu. Ngakho, Ukuvikelwa - uhlelo lwezigaba, okuhlanganisa izimo wokusebenza evamile, ezokuthutha kanye isitoreji imikhiqizo zezimboni maqondana nokuklanywa ebusweni macroclimatic omhlaba. Ngamanye amazwi, leli gama ichaza, kungenziwa eziqhutshwa noma ukufakwa kagesi nganoma iyiphi indlela. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, bophezela izifunda evumela ukuba acabangele ezahlukene zezulu izici imvelo.

imibhalo normative

uhlelo okunjalo eqinisekisiwe yimithetho efanele futhi ukuze GOST 15150 "ukuguqulwa sezulu". Le ndinganiso Yokuphepha isebenza kuzo zonke izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo amadivayisi, imishini kanye neminye imikhiqizo lobuchwepheshe. Zonke nezidingo idokhumenti ngenhla ziphoqelekile. Okukhishwayo kuphela izimo kwaphawula "letiphakanyisiwe" noma "kuvunyelwe". Njenganoma yimuphi omunye izivakashi "ukuguqulwa sezulu" ubala izicelo kubhekwe imibhalo normative. Ake ucabangele ezinye zazo.

1. Le ndinganiso kusebenza kuzo zombili umklamo kanye womshini imikhiqizo ezimbonini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lwayo lokusebenza bekulokhu saziso ekulungiseleleni ukucaciswa ukuthuthukiswa kanye ngcono okwalandela, ukudalwa amazinga.

2. ukusebenza sezulu komkhiqizo ngamunye, kanye nezinye ezibekiweko lobuchwepheshe, kufanele kugcinwe ngaphakathi amagugu ecacisiwe.

3. Ake Abenzi imikhiqizo enzelwe yokugcina, ukusetshenziswa kanye ezokuthutha zibe yamanani zezici kubhekwe. Emacaleni angakajayeleki le Ukucaciswa ingaqukatha uhlu ngeziphambeko kuvunyelwe enkonzweni.

4. Ngokuhambisana zibheke lobuchwepheshe nezomnotho Kunconywa imikhiqizo lobuchwepheshe, ezifanele ukusetshenziswa ku vumelekile izifunda eziningana.

ukusebenza sezulu

Ngokuba mzuzu kukhona izigaba eziningana, okuncike ukwehlukana ezindaweni kwezimo ezifanayo zemvelo. Ngokuvamile, ukuqokwa eqenjini elithile Kwenziwa besebenzisa ngokulandelana kwezinhlamvu zamagama ezifanele wokugubha. Cabangela incazelo esigabeni ngasinye kabanzi.

kophawu Ngo

In the version isiLatini ebekwe incwadi "N". inguqulo enjalo zezulu isetshenziselwa izindawo libhekene zezemvelo ngokulinganisela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi umkhiqizo yezobuchwepheshe, esinelebuli ngale ndlela kungaba kuncike ukusebenza endaweni zinomswakama ashisayo, iyomisa futhi ishisa kakhulu, ezomile endaweni macroclimate efudumele, lapho inani eliyisilinganiso ngoba yonyaka ngokuphelele esiphezulu lokushisa air ingaphezu 40 degrees Celsius, futhi nomswakama ukubaluleka ilingana amaphesenti angu-80 noma ngaphezulu. Ngakho kulezi zici kufanele libukwe phezu amahora 12 nsuku zonke isikhathi esiqhubekayo sezinyanga eziyi ezimbili. Ngenxa yalokho, sezulu esipholile ine izici ezilandelayo Ngaphandle: yonyaka ngokuphelele lokushisa esiphezulu ingeqi amane degrees Celsius. Kulokhu osekushiwo kumele kuphetfwe ukuthi inguqulo sezulu Y has okulandelayo lokushisa uhla kusuka -45 ⁰ C +40 ⁰ C.

kophawu CL

In the version isiLatini ebekwe incwadi "F". Leli qembu libhekene sikhula kahle ezindaweni ezibandayo nge. Inani isilinganiso wonyaka ngokuphelele minima lokushisa -45 degrees Celsius. imishini kagesi ne lolu hlobo kophawu ibalwa lisebenze ngaphakathi kwemingcele ezilandelayo: -60 ⁰ C - +40 ⁰ C.

wokugubha UHL

I "NF" inguqulo isiLatini ebekwe izincwadi. GOST "ukuguqulwa sezulu" Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa izindawo nezimo esipholile amakhaza kwemvelo. Izinga lokushisa uhla operation evamile imikhiqizo kophawu enjalo ilinganiselwe ziyefana iqembu odlule. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nalo mkhakha imikhiqizo ezikhishwe ingasetshenziswa amacala efanayo izimpahla iqembu W. Ngokwesibonelo, kushisa kakhulu, isimo sezulu esomile kuhambisana nemibandela ngenhla echazwe.

kophawu TV

Esikhathini Latin incwadi okufushane isiqu esithi "TN". inguqulo enjalo zezulu libhekene ukuxhashazwa imikhiqizo lobuchwepheshe ezindaweni ezinomswakama elishisayo. emoyeni Ambient has nemingcele ezilandelayo: lokushisa 20 degrees Celsius, umswakama angu-80. Isimo ekhethekile iwukuhlale nezidingo ngenhla echazwe ngaphezulu kwamahora 12 nsuku zonke izinyanga ezimbili ezilandelanayo. Imikhawulo izinga lokusebenza in operation evamile ye +1 - +40 ⁰ C.

wokugubha TC

Ngo samuntu Latin luchazwa ngegama izinhlamvu "TA". Naphezu ukufana egameni nge isigaba odlule, leli qembu has a lot of umehluko. Isilinganiso Inani lonyaka we ngokuphelele lokushisa obuyisilinganiselo 40 degrees Celsius. Ububanzi bamanani uma usebenzisa amabanga enjalo esuka -10 kuya +50 ⁰ C.

wokugubha T

Ngo samuntu Latin luchazwa ngegama uhlamvu "T". imikhiqizo Technical imakwe ne mshini ezifana labo abazokwazi ukusebenza evamile ezindaweni ezishisayo.

wokugubha Mayelana

Ngo samuntu Latin ezikhonjiswe "U" kanye nencwadi limelela ukubulawa obscheklimaticheskoe. Imikhiqizo libhekene ngale ndlela, kungenziwa eziqhutshwa kuzo zonke izifunda zezulu bezwe ngaphandle ezindaweni ezibandayo kakhulu. Temperature imikhawulo isukela -60 ⁰ C +50 ⁰ C.

wokugubha M

In the version Latin nayo esikhethiweyo "M" incwadi. Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa imikhiqizo kagesi, okuyinto zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa evamile e-vumelekile ezifundeni endaweni ezindaweni ngokulinganisela abandayo ezifana zasolwandle.

wokugubha TM

Ngo samuntu Latin luchazwa ngegama izinhlamvu "TM" futhi kuhlanganisa indawo libhekene nezimo zasolwandle ezitholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo umoya ozungeze umhlaba wethu. Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa imikhiqizo lobuchwepheshe, zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa ezikebheni ugu lokuthumela noma yimuphi omunye, wasebenzisa kuphela ukuhanjiswa lezi zindawo.

wokugubha OM

In the version Latin incwadi "MU". Imidwebo leqembu ihlanganisa imishini, amadivayisi kanye neminye imikhiqizo, ukuhlinzwa evamile luzoqala ezindaweni zombili ezishisayo esipholile sikhula kahle ezindaweni ezibandayo ukuze. Ngakho, ukuze isigaba okukhulunywa zihlanganisa izitsha ezahlukene nge angenamkhawulo navigation izindawo.

yokulebula

In the version isiLatini ebekwe incwadi "W". Leli qembu likubeka ngokucacile, ngoba ihlanganisa imikhiqizo kagesi zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa jikelele, kokubili on zwe futhi on amanzi. umuntu abulawe okunjalo ubizwa ngokuthi zonke-sezulu. Isici iyona engenakwenzeka ukusebenzisa kuphela ezindaweni izimo ezibanda kakhulu kwemvelo. Temperature imikhawulo evamile ukusebenza basukela -60 kuya +50 degrees Celsius.

okubekwayo

Okwamanje, imikhiqizo kagesi ibhalwe ngendlela ekhethekile (kuboniswe okufushane zezulu ukufakwa isigaba). Ngokuqondene nalokhu wokugubha luyinhlanganisela abizwa ngezinhlamvu futhi ezinombolo. Lokhu kuvumela amakhasimende ukuba ngokushesha sibone, kule divayisi kufanelekile kubo noma cha.

Isigaba 1

umkhiqizo Technical esinelebuli ngale ndlela, zenzelwe ukusebenza endaweni evulekile. Ngenxa yalokho, bazibona bavezwa lonke iqoqo izimo zezulu. Ngokwesibonelo, zezulu ukusebenza U1.

Isigaba 2

Lezi zindlela zikholelwa a operation evamile imishini ngaphansi kombhede noma emagcekeni, kuncike ekushintshashintsheni abakuzuzile kwemigomo emoyeni cishe ngezinga elifanayo njengoba evulekile. Ngokwesibonelo, kungase kube ematendeni, trailer, bodywork.

Isigaba 3

Leli qembu kuhlanganisa imikhiqizo lobuchwepheshe, okuyinto kumele sisetshenziswe kuphela endlini. Kulokhu, lo somabhizinisi kufanele abe izici ezilandelayo: ukupholisa zemvelo, akukho sekulawula yokufakelwa; ukuchayeka uthuli isihlabathi incane kakhulu ukwedlula ngaphandle. Sezulu okufushane U3 ingasetshenziswa ezindaweni zifudumele eyinsimbi izinkuni, ukhonkolo kanye nezinye izinto. izinto ezinjalo angahlukaniswa irregularly eshubile. Ngakho, zezulu ukuguqulwa V3 kusho ukungabi khona imvula, elangeni eliza ngqo, kunciphise umthelela namanzi.

Isigaba 4

Isisetshenziswa eziphathelene leli qembu ingasetshenziswa izakhiwo, ebonakala ngokulungisa kwemigomo imvelo yokufakelwa, kahle umoya izakhiwo ngomshoshaphansi. Kwakusho ukungabi khona ngqo kwelanga, umoya, umswakama kanye isihlabathi.

Isigaba 5

Okufanayo imikhiqizo lobuchwepheshe ongasebenza ezindaweni nge ephakeme nomswakama amagugu. Ngokwesibonelo, ezindaweni komhlaba, emhlabathini kanye emikhunjini.