Ukunikeza nomthamo nenhlabathi

ukuhlela ukwakhiwa ekhaya - umsebenzi obalulekile futhi enesibopho edinga amakhono athile. Lapho edala endlini phrojekthi kumelwe acabangele izici eziningana ezingathinta lonke ukuqhutshwa komsebenzi.

Yini okudingeka uyicabangele kwasekuqaleni?

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi umthamo Ukuthela inhlabathi isici esiyisisekelo ekhombisa degree of ukucindezeleka, okungase ukumelana iyunithi phansi endaweni. Ngokuvamile, it is kulinganiswa ngo t / m2 noma kg / cm2. Le nkomba ikuvumela ukuba unqume ukuthi yini izindawo kufanele ukusekelwa endaweni isisekelo.

Ngokuvamile kunqunywa inhlabathi izici ezintathu eziyinhloko ezithinta umthwalo esindayo yayo umthamo. Lokhu saturation umswakama umhlabathi, compactness waso nesitayela.

Inhlabathi esindayo umthamo kakhulu kunciphisa nge umswakama ukwanda. Zihlala zinjalo kuphela izakhiwo ubukhulu isihlabathi ophansi. On the umswakama ngokweqile angakhuluma ezingeni lelisetulu komhlaba. Ezimweni ezinjalo, akudingekile iphendukele ngosizo zokwakheka komhlaba, ngoba lesi sibalo kungenzeka ukunquma bebodwa. Kuyadingeka ukuba bambe umgodi ukujula lokwela 2 m (noma sokuprakthiza le Borehole emhlabeni borer), lokhu ngeke kwanele ukucacisa uhlobo inhlabathi kanye degree of hydration.

Nquma enhlabathini kungaba esweni. Bona esihlabathini ngeke kube nzima ubani. Loam efanayo has ductile, kantsi sicuketse loku-30% izinhlayiya zobumba, ubumba isihlabathi - impahla ziyaqothuka kakhulu futhi Liyashabalala kalula ngaphansi kwengcindezi kancane ukuhlinzeka yinhlama, kodwa ubumba phansi futhi iningi kokucindezelwa ductile iphenduka ibe ikhekhe. Ngu umthamo wamanzi emgodini igodi kungacacisa ukuthi nomswakama ezweni kanye ukusondela komhlaba.

Futhi nithela umthamo kuhlanganisa izinkomba inhlabathi kwabantu. Nokho, lesi silinganiso ayikwazi kubhekwe njalo. On elise ezijulile komhlaba inhlabathi ungqimba becindezelwa kwezinye izingqimba Nokho okwaphezulu, lapho isuswe ebusweni, ayo ngobuningi kwabantu kuyinto ephansi kakhulu. Ngakho, kubalwa umthamo ukuzala, kungaba kubhekwe phansi obukhulu kuphela uma indawo yayo at a 0.8-1 m ukujula.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi izifundo ezifanele zenziwe, ukuze lula izibalo, kucatshangwa ukuthi amandla eziveza inhlabathi ilingana 2 kg / cm2.

Nokho, emalungiselelweni ukwakhiwa phansi akuyona njalo sifana nemingcele ezidingekayo ukuze kusungulwe isisekelo ngokuhambisana wokwakha. ubuchwepheshe besimanje iye yasiza ukuthonya izinga kwenhlabathi, ngakho kukhona eziningi ubuchwepheshe eziye ukusiqinisa.

Onjiniyela nje kudingeka ukuba afeze izinyathelo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuvikeleka kanye nokuqinisa inhlabathi. Isivikelo lokuqala iyadingeka ukuze kuvinjelwe umoya, amanzi kanye mechanical ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi.

Ukuze kuqiniswe umhlabathi kukhona amasu amaningana ezivamile, isibonelo, ukwandisa izakhiwo mechanical, okuyinto eyenziwa ngokwethula izakhi ekhethekile isakhiwo phansi (ngokuthi ukuqinisa). Kungenzeka futhi ukuba aqhube inhlabathi chemical eqinisa, okuyinto etholwe kokuwaguqulela luqedwe ukwelashwa nge reagents zamakhemikhali. Ukusetshenziswa binders ezifana itiyela, asphalt, usimende, imfucumfucu organic wezinto ezingaphili, nakho kunomthelela eqinisa inhlabathi.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi emva ukwakhiwa indlu sekuphelile, kungase kubangele kuye ukuncipha, ngaphansi isisindo salo lonke isakhiwo kanye subsidence kwesisekelo. imithwalo Kungalingani ngemazinga ngokuvamile imbangela imifantu, kamuva kuholela ekubhujisweni, sonke isakhiwo. Hhayi njalo ongaphakeme eziveza nomthamo inhlabathi isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi kungaholela emiphumeleni enjalo. Nokho, ukuze akhethe okuhle uhlobo isisekelo, lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe kwasekuqaleni.