Ukungezwani ebusweni

Ukungezwani ebusweni uketshezi - liyinani okuyinto ngokwanele ngokunembile ephawula ikhono ukunciphisa uketshezi lapho kulinganiswa amandla ebusweni kwadambisa isimo esasishubile, sinomthelela ubude iyunithi umugqa, esisogwini ebusweni ketshezi. Kuleso simo, uma usayizi obuphelele umngcele ebusweni ketshezi uzobe eyabizwa ngokuthi l, futhi amaphaphu ebusweni ifilimu, okuyinto ethatha kule umngcele, - F, ngaleyo ndlela, ebusweni ukungezwani Inani kube kanje:

σ = F / l

surface ukungezwani Igama obonakaliswe N / m. Amazinga ephakeme, ephansi ukubaluleka σ ngoba uketshezi okumsulwa.

Umphumela we asymmetry zamabutho nokuxhumana yamangqamuzana ungqimba ushintsho nge-molecule eziwazungezile, umbono wokuba khona amabutho evamile futhi tangential maqondana esibonakalayo. La mandla nomthelela kwi ungqimba inguqulelo engqamuzaneni. Bangabaholi yamangqamuzana ingcindezi amabutho kanye ebusweni ukungezwani phakathi izigaba.

Ukwencika σ Coefficient ebusweni ukungcola ezahlukene

surface ukungezwani amabutho kuhlobane ngokuqondile nokuxhumana ezinto kungathatha ezihlukahlukene amagugu ngoba uketshezi ezahlukene. Ngo uketshezi shabalala ezinhle kakhulu (utshwala, benzene, elithi ether) ingxenye amaphaphu ebusweni akuyona bungangobubanzi ukuthi uketshezi ezingesiyo oluyingozi. Ekuqaleni sibeka igridi enkundleni hydrometer, bese uphonsa emanzini. Ngenxa igridi obukhulu, hydrometer izogcinwa endaweni ukujula ezithile. Kulandele econsa a ether kancane on the grid, ngemuva kwalokho hydrometer ngokushesha avuke amanzi.

Coefficient surface ukungezwani yamanzi lihlotshaniswa inani ukungcola emanzini. On the kwamanzi ubekwa izwibela elincane kusukela umdlalo. Ngemva kwalokho, amanzi yehla ibha insipho. Ngemva kwenkathi ethile yesikhathi sizokwazi ukuba bagcine ukuhamba izwibela emaphethelweni umkhumbi insipho. Ngenxa yalokho, omunye singaphetha ngokuthi ukungezwani surface zingancishiswa ngokusebenzisa insipho. Uma sifaka into engafani umsebenzi begazi (wokuxubha, insipho, izihlanzi), le ukungezwani surface kuzoncishiswa. Khona-ke, uma ufuna ukuthola amashashaza, kungani abantu engeza insipho?

Abaningi bethu bakholelwa ukuthi, sibonga insipho ingxenye σ iyakhula. Eqinisweni, nje kunciphisa izinga surface okuyisici cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu kunani σ yamanzi okumsulwa. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ifilimu eqine insipho incipha lokuhlushwa insipho molecule phezu, ebusweni ukungezwani iyakhula. Ngenxa yalokho, ngaphansi kwethonya insipho bubble kwagcizelela ubuthakathaka futhi musa yokwelula olwengeziwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sibonga amanzi sensipho asibizi shabalala, futhi ngenxa yalokho, inkulumo ethi "ukuphila" ukwanda esinyeni.

Manje ake ubeke ngalokhu okuhlangenwe nakho: uthela ushukela candy emanzini. Lokhu kuyoholela ekuthuleni iqiniso lokuthi izwibela kuzoya candy. Isiphetho licacile: bedle ingxenye ushukela we ebusweni ukungezwani iyakhula.

Indlela ukucacisa Coefficient σ ngokusebenzisa capillary?

Ukuze ufeze lokhu, elula efana nayo nakho udinga ube izitsha ambalwa ngamanzi capillary.

I capillary iyadingeka ukwehlisa esitsheni ngamanzi, bese yokukala ukuphakama ephakamisa uketshezi. Okulandelayo, enye capillary ibekwa amanzi soapy, ngemva kwalokho ukuphakama ephakamisa kukalwa uketshezi. Isici σ ingatholakala ifomula okuhambisanayo:

σ = ρgdh / 4

Okulandelayo okungafaniswa okuza surface ukungezwani ezihlukahlukene zoketshezi.