Ukudweba ubuciko. Ungafunda kanjani ukudweba? Ukudweba Abaqalayo

Ukudweba kungenye yezindlela zokuziveza, ukuthuthukiswa nokuthuthukisa ukuzethemba. Izinto zangempela zesimanje zenza abantu ngokuyinhloko bagxile kulokho okuwusizo, okuphuthumayo futhi okunenzuzo. Ngakho isigqi esiphezulu sokuphila sigcizelela isifiso sokwakha. Kodwa uma sekuyisikhathi sokuphumula, umuntu onamandla amasha ukhanyisa isifiso sokuvula ubuciko. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi wonke umuntu angadonsela! Leli khono alincike eminyakeni yobudala noma isipho semvelo.

Izizathu ezingu-5 zokuba umculi oqala manje

• Ukuphazamisa ezinkingeni nasezinkathazweni, ngekhanda eligxilwe ekudaleni. Ukudweba ngumsebenzi ochwepheshe abaningi abaqhathanisa nokuzindla, ngakho-ke unamathuba afanayo.
• Sula amandla akho, ngaleyo ndlela uzizwe njengomuntu odala futhi uqale ukuziqhenya.
• Gcwalisa impilo ngemibono emisha, uyipende ngemibala ekhanyayo, uthola injabulo kusuka enkambisweni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umphumela wokugcina.
• Zigxila ezweni lokuzizwa nokuzwela, uzifake emgqeni noma iphepha.
• Nweba isipiliyoni sempilo ngokuthatha izinyathelo zokuqala esiqondisweni esisha, esingalindelekile.

Ukudweba ithalenta noma ikhono?

Ochwepheshe nabafundisi baqinisekisa ukuthi noma ubani angafunda ukudweba. Kodwa-ke, kungani abanye abantu benza lokhu ngempumelelo, kanti abanye bangalutholi umbuthano olula? Ngempela, ekuqaleni lezi zithuba ziyisipho. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwaziwa ukuthi akekho umculi odumile owazi kahle ukushayela kwe-virtuoso eminyakeni emihlanu noma eyishumi. Bonke babenesikhathi eside futhi esinzima sokufunda.

Umthetho we-dialectics esenzweni

Labo abasanda ukudweba, bavame ukulahlekelwa ukholo phakathi kwabo ekuqaleni kwendlela yokudala. Ngisho ngisho nokuba nekhono lokubamba ipensela noma ibhulashi ngokufanele, bazikholisa ngokungazi lutho kwemizamo. Ukudumazeka kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kuyinkinga endleleni eya empumelelweni. Kubalulekile ukukhumbuza ukuthi inani lamanzi lingena emgangathweni.

4 izici zokuphumelela

Uma wenqaba umbono we talenta yemvelo futhi ukholelwa ososayensi nabothisha, ukuqonda ubuciko bokudweba kuyoba lula kakhulu. Yini enquma ikhono lokudweba?

• Amandla esithombe ancike emsebenzini womqondo. Abaculi babone izinto kanye nezwe elizungezile ngokwehlukile kunabanye abantu abahlukumeza izinto, isimo sabo, ubukhulu, umbala.
• Uthando lwenqubo. Labo abangakwazi ukuhlala ngaphandle kokudala, ngempela baba abaculi abaphumelelayo.
• Ukunyakaza nokubekezela. Abahlakaniphileyo bakhohlwa konke, ngisho nangabo kanye nabantu abaseduze, lapho bedala ubuciko. Ngisho nengxenye encane yokuzinikezela kwabo ingasiza umuntu afunde ukudweba.
• Sebenzisa umzuzwana. Isibonelo, izingane zihlale zibonisa isithakazelo esijulile amapensela namaphoyinti. Lolu thando lobuciko kufanele lusetshenziswe. I-studio yobuciko yezingane izozijwayeza le mbono futhi izonikeza amakhono okudweba kusuka kumvelo.

Imfihlo yethalenta ikhona ekhanda

Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa ekhulwini leminyaka edlule inombono omusha wokudweba kwesokudla uvele. Umbhali walo nguDkt. Betty Edwards. Incwadi ethi "The Artist Within You", lapho indlela entsha ichazwa ngayo, imenzele ukuthandwa kakhulu kulo lonke izwe.

Imfihlo yukuthi yi- hemisphere efanele yobuchopho obhekene nombono wombala, ukuqhathaniswa ngobukhulu, umbono wombono wezinto. Okungukuthi, kubhekene nokuqala kokudala: isithombe nokufanekisa, amaphupho kanye namafantasy. Kodwa indoda yanamuhla futhi ayifuni neze ukumtshela. Usetshenziselwa ukusebenzisana ne-hemisphere ehlukumezayo yokuhlaziya, okuyiyona enesibopho sokuhlela, ukuhlela, ukunakekelwa, ukucubungula ulwazi kanye nenkumbulo. Lezi zici zomsebenzi wobuchopho zazibizwa ngokuthi "L-mode" ne "P-mode".

Iningi labantu liqhubeka nokusebenzisa i-hemisphere yesokunxele ngenkathi idonsa, futhi lokhu kunciphisa inqubo yokufunda. Uma ngabe i-studio yokudweba isakha uhlelo lwazo lokufaka ilungelo lokubusa kwe-hemisphere, umsebenzi uzohamba ngokushesha.

Sivula "i-P-mode"

Ochwepheshe banikeza uhlelo lokusebenza oluzosiza ekufundeni ukubheka izwe elizungezile ngamehlo womculi:

• Vula ukudweba okulula phansi bese uzama ukukukopisha.
• Zama ukudweba okubi kusuka esithombeni. Ngamanye amazwi, ukudweba into, kodwa isikhala esisizungezile.

Uhlangothi lwesokunxele lobuchopho alukwazi ukubhekana nemisebenzi enjalo, ngoba kubalulekile ukusebenza nemifanekiso.

Ukudweba Abaqalayo: khetha indlela yokufunda

Kunqunywa ukuthi ubuciko bokudweba buyatholakala kuwo wonke umuntu. Iyiphi indlela ongayikhetha?

• Funda ku-intanethi usebenzisa ama-video wokufundisa kanye namakilasi aphezulu.
• Ukuthola ibhukwana le-self-instruction manual, isibonelo "I-Art of Drawing" nguBert Dodson, noma enye oyithandayo.
• Mfundisi izinto eziyisisekelo esikoleni semfundo enothisha siqu, bhalisa eqenjini eliqashwe yi-studio eseduze nomdwebo womuzi.

Ukhetho lokugcina luzokwenza umphumela ngokushesha futhi ube ngcono kunabanye. Othisha, njengomthetho, banezakhe, izindlela ezivivinywa ngokuphindaphindiwe. Bazochaza, "hlaziya", bonisa izibonelo, ukhombise amaphutha. Akudingeki ukuthi uhole izifundo ezikhokhelwe, imiphumela emihle yokukhohlisa nokusheshayo njengokuthi "Izifundo ezintathu zamahora ngezindlela zethu kuzokukwenza ube ngumculi."

Amakilasi ku-studio yobuciko: usizo lochwepheshe

Abantu abasebuntwaneni babesebenza emibuthanweni yokudweba, bakha umuzwa wobuhle, bahlakulela ukunambitheka, ukucabanga okucabangayo. Konke lokhu kwahlala nabo ukuze baphile. Kodwa yini ongayifunda namuhla emakilasi eqembu?

Ake sicabangele ukuthi ulwazi olunamakhono namakhono azokwethula yi-studio yobuciko kubantwana:

• Amakhono obuchwepheshe nobuciko: "faka" isandla, ufunde ukusebenzisa i-gouache, upende nezinye izinto, ukuthuthukisa umuzwa wombala nokunemba kweso, ujwayele imithetho yokubunjwa.
• Ukutadisha izinhlobo zobuciko obuhle: amakilasi ekudwebeni, ekudwebeni, ekudwebeni, ekwenzeni imodeli futhi esebenzayo.
• Umqondo wezindlela ezingezona zendabuko zokudweba: ukudweba ngomunwe, i-klyaksografiya, i-monotype.

Imfanelo ebalulekile i-easel

Le nto idinga umculi oqalayo. Ukusebenzisa i-easel, ungahambisa ngokushelela ishidi noma ucezu lwephepha: vula ilanga, ujikeleze, ulungise ukuphakama. Namuhla, lesi sici singathengwa ezitolo, futhi kuzoba nokuningi ongakhetha kukho. Abaculi abanokuhlangenwe nakho abanomlando omude bahlele ukumelela imidwebo eya ochwepheshe abenza ngokusho kwemidwebo kanye nobukhulu obucacisiwe. I-elula yi-tripel ye-wooden ye-wooden. Kuyinto enkulu kunazo zonke.

I-easel yedeskithophu ifanele ingane. I-compact, futhi umculi wokuqala ngeke kudingeke ahlale ezinyaweni isikhathi eside: ungakwazi ukudweba ngokuhlala. Futhi lokhu kubalulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umntwana uzodala izithombe ezincane, ngakho akusizi ngalutho ukuthola idivayisi enkulu ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Uzoqala kuphi: ukudweba noma ihluzo?

Enhliziyweni kokubili ukudweba kanye nehluzo kukhona umdwebo, okuvela kulo lonke ubuciko obuhle. Angaba umsebenzi ozimele, futhi angasebenza njengesikhombiso somdwebo ozayo noma umdwebo odwebayo.

Kuqala ukudala, abaningi bakhetha amapensela. Lo mdwebo odwebayo. Imidwebo efanayo nayo yenza amamaki kanye ne-gouache. Ungakwazi kahle kahle ubuciko bokudala izithombe kusuka emigqeni, imivimbo kanye namachashazi, uba umculi ocacile. Izibonelo zemisebenzi enjalo zi-posters, amakhadikhadi, imifanekiso ezincwadini.

Ngokudweba, umuntu uba umdwebi. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi i-watercolor imile emgqeni phakathi kokudweba kanye nehluzo. Yini ongakhetha ukuqala? Impendulo ebusweni: Yiqiniso, ipensela, kulula ukuqonda zonke izicabucabu zobuciko nazo. Kodwa ukudweba kuyinkimbinkimbi yefantasy nesibindi, izixazululo ezingajwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, kumelwe senze lokho inhliziyo enhle.

Amaphutha ama-5 awenziwe ngabaculi be-novice

• Isifiso sokwamukela yonke into ngesikhathi esisodwa. Umphumela uzobonakala ngesikhathi, ngakho-ke kudingeka ube nesineke. Awukwazi ukulindela ukuthi ngemuva kwesonto lokuqeqesha ungakhipha izici zobuciko.
• Ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kwezinto ezibiza kakhulu. Okokuqala kudingekile ukuthi kube nokulinganiselwe okungenani, futhi okungabizi, ukuthi ngeke kube yisihawu ukuchitha noma ukuchitha okungezelelwe ukuthengwa ngenqubo yokuhlolwa.
• Uphuka emsebenzini. Umdwebo ongavamile wabaqalayo unomphumela omubi: amakhono asanda kutholakala alahlekile, ifomu lilahlekile, futhi iminwe iphinde ingabe ingalaleli.
• Ukunyathelisa endaweni. Njengoba ufunde ipensela, kubalulekile ukuzama izitayela ezintsha nezinto zokwakha.
• Isimo sengqondo sokugxeka. Ukulalela kuphela kubantu abaqonda ukudweba. Imibono yabo bonke abantu yisimo sabo somuntu siqu, okungafanele sithukuthele umculi we-novice.