Tricks - kuyinto isayensi, magic noma ubuthakathi?

Tricks - kungcono puzzle bezijabulisa futhi behlakaniphile ukuthi izilaleli ozonquma uqhekeko wesibili. Ngokuba umthetho uhlobo kudinga isivinini, kweso. Izethameli akanayo isikhathi ukuqonda ukuthi yini bebona. Omunye magic lulandela ezinye, futhi kubonakala sengathi oda ajwayelekile kanye ezimisiwe izwe ebhidlikayo ngaphansi ukucindezela ngokulandelana zinguquko ezimangalisa kangaka.

I igxile lokuqala (Ancient Egypt)

Rocks phezu lomfula eqoshiwe kuwo cishe 1260 BC. e. Nethempeli Abu Simbel ... Kungaba kubhekwe inkohliso lokuqala idivayisi, okuyinto abantu ezaziwayo. Kabili ngonyaka, ngosuku lwakhe lokuzalwa futhi ngosuku ka-kuya sobukhosi, kwabonakala ukuthi lo faro kaRamses II. Isibhakabhaka ongaqondakali, amakhulukhulu abantu elinde isimangaliso, abapristi ethempelini ukufunda iziphonso lasendulo kanye kuwo ngemithandazo. Le ndlela bayibiza ngokuthi i-break ilanga phakathi kwamafu, iveze NTU Pharaoh. Futhi lesi simangaliso kwenzeka. Ngesikhathi esifanele, sengathi belalela abapristi, ray etshekile umsebe wokukhanya kwelanga kuhlaba ewumngcingo isicabha, ingena egumbini ongaphakeme futhi kumnyama futhi izibani zisebumnyameni sibalo umbusi.

Sichaza emcimbini we-papyrus yasendulo. Impendulo le mfihlakalo, abacwaningi bakwazi ukuthola impucuko kuphela zasendulo kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. abaklami komlando wazi kahle lapho futhi ngasiphi isikhathi ngesikhathi somkhosi uzobe rising sun disk. Yayikwazi ukuqondisa ukuhamba kwelanga ngokuvumelana iminyango yethempeli, lapho ugongolo lingena ekamelweni egumbini lapho kwakukhona kaRamses II. Umthelela ngendlela evumelana nale nganekwane kwaba emangalisa - izakhamuzi zazikholelwa ngobuqotho ukuthi ukukhanya ngokwayo ukhomba umbusi.

Lokhu elingokomlando angase anikeze omunye izimpendulo kungenzeka lo mbuzo: "Kuyini focus?" Mhlawumbe ukusetshenziswa ulwazi olukhona ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela oyifunayo! Le mpendulo Kungenzeka.

Ezandleni of Ancient Greece

abapristi ukukhohlisa ezingaqondakali akakwazanga ukuhlala engabonwa. EGrisi lasendulo, Izanusi ezazisemizini izikhathi izimpi yamaGreki WasePheresiya. Kodwa babonisa art labo alikho kulesi amathempeli, kanye Fairground. Ngokumangalisayo, emibhalweni lolimi kanye Alciphron rhetorician (BC III ekhulwini. E.) Kukhona Ukhulumé iqhinga, okuyinto uyasinda kuze kube yilolu suku. Encwadini yakhe ethi, uchaza indlela umlumbi ezulazulayo lizoqeda izinkomishi amathathu wabeka amatshe amathathu. amatshe Kuyamangalisa wathutha - uvele ngaphansi nendebe ke anyamalele babe umlomo juggler. Bese wanyamalala ngokuphelele, kodwa illusionist waqala ukuphuma emaphaketheni abo, izindlebe noma izinwele izibukeli. Izethameli wahleka futhi wazibuza lobubhalo umculi, ngoba ibheka - okungukuthi, okokuqala kunakho konke, behlakaniphile futhi umbukwane zijabulisa.

I inkohliso of isayensi engasebenzi kanye nodokotela abanobuqili

Development of illusion yobuciko ngenkathi ephakathi eYurophu waya side by side nge ucwaningo lwesayensi ngokuphelele. Akekho ezahlukene, lapho magic futhi charlatanism, futhi lapho ucwaningo kwamakhemikhali ne yokukhanya. Lokhu kwenziwa ngo abantu abaningi abadumile abamagama ezisekhona. I ngezinkanyezi ezidumile imihlola Mishel zikaNostradamus (1503-1566) akazange anqikaze ukuyenza namaqhinga. Yiqiniso, anda degree of nomthelela wakhona ukungenwa izimangaliso kanye izenzakalo okuyimfihlakalo umphakathi. incazelo Ilondolozwe nakho optical okuyinto wabonisa eyimfihlakalo okukhulu. Ngembobo iphaneli ophahleni lehliselwa phansi abasizi unodoli, futhi ngaleso sikhathi kwaphakamisa emuva ivaliwe dweba. Ngokuvamile izibukeli ezimi usibukele ngokusebenzisa umqhewu emincane odongeni, okwakubekelwa wagibela nezibhebhe esobala esingunxantathu. Yanika "flip" umphumela. Kwakubonakala sengathi unodoli liphuma kusuka ngezansi futhi kukhona iphele. Izibukeli yabe ekamelweni, futhi babeye bafuna phansi. Kodwa kwenziwa zamatshe, futhi nginezihluthulelo iyiphi kubhaklazeka imfihlo sasingenayo.

Kubonakala emisebenzini yobuciko

Ukuthandwa Inkohliso imibukiso isibe olubanzi kangaka e ngenkathi ephakathi, abalobi abaningi nabaculi awuzibe lesi sihloko. Babhekisa emsebenzini wakhe ezinye izinto eziqukethe ezakha uthakathiwe noma umlingo namasu. Isayensi, magic noma ubuciko - kunzima ukunikeza emfushane incazelo yalokhu mkhuba. Kodwa ungabona ithonya labo isiko ephakathi ezincwadini zasendulo owaziwa.

umculi Dutch Piter Breygel Omdala (c. 1525-1569) omunye imidwebo yakhe ukuboniswa kokugumbuqelwa bili livela esihlalweni sobukhosi. abadlali, zulazulani bachazwa ku-canvas ezishaya unkulunkulukazi u-amademoni. Enye umDashi, Ieronim Boskh (1450-1516), emsebenzini wakhe futhi libhekisela umfanekiso ezulazulayo jugglers, abapristi abenza imilingo, nabathakathi.

Isazi isiko medieval Goethe (1749-1832) e "Faust" yakhe futhi okuveza isithombe imilingo Ephakathi. Iwayini akhishwa etafuleni izibani, ekhulula ekugqilazweni UMargarita. Headless, ethwele ezandleni ikhanda lakhe elinqunywe. Konke lokhu namaqhinga zaba sisekelo we repertoire abaculi ekuboniseni namaqhinga. Iyini imfihlo yabo futhi isikhalazo isikhathi eside kangaka? Ngokusobala, isifiso abantu ukuba zingene imfihlakalo nokholo asicekeleki ezimangalisweni.

Penetration eRussia

Eyokuqala sina inkohliso imibukiso eRussia yayiqhutshelwa iqhaza angaphandle isivakashi abadlali. Bagqunywa amathiyetha enkulu isikhathi. Ngo eMoscow ke kwaba lokudlala we Maly Theatre, futhi Petersburg ukukhohlisa abangabokufika aboniswe ngokuthi isiphi isigaba sayo Alexander Theatre. Ngalesi sikhathi inkohliso yobuciko sashintshwa. Wabe kabanzi emisha technical yesikhathi. Sezadlula izinsuku lapho eziningi Izanusi nabathakathi babe ezishibhile Fairground ukusebenza. Nakanjani ifinyelela umphakathi ukuba umqondo wokuthi focus - lokhu kuyingozi.

Foreign isivakashi abadlali eRussia

Ikakhulukazi ayegcwele by imiboniso eRussia imibono enjalo babe XIX leminyaka. Abaningi abaculi abangu ngempela amakhosi olukhulu uhlobo.

Karl Hermann - omele abadumile womndeni Izanusi European. Wayengumuntu kwezobuciko, phakathi imibukiso eziningi bayazidlalela ziphenduka ababukeli wabasizi bakhe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kwaba ngomunye wabokuqala owaqala ukusebenzisa inkohliso olukhulu imishini. repertoire yakhe kwaba iqhinga, "The Boy emoyeni" - Umculi belunguza ingalo yakhe esibondeni eside. Ngesikhathi esifanayo izinyawo zakhe zazinjengethusi off emhlabathini. Ngesicelo izilaleli okufanayo ibhodlela umlingisi wayethethelela ethela ezihlukahlukene iziphuzo - ubisi ukuze champagne.

Carl Mekgold kufika ku uhambo e Moscow, wathandwa izilaleli ukuze amaphephandaba isikhathi kuqhathaniswa ngayo Schiller futhi Mozart zobuciko yakhe. Njengoba izintambo ziyobe ziphethwe i uhlamvu lwemali yethusi umculi yaphenduka frog, okuyinto yena, waba canary. Izethameli wanika umculi scarves, amawashi, imigexo. Zonke lezi zinto uvele violin, okuyinto elenga odongeni ecaleni avaliwe.

Wanqoba le afune izinto ngenkani kwabanye bili zomphakathi kanye bili Bartolomeo Bosco. ukumelwa kwaKhe magic waseGibhithe kubange isiphithiphithi izimpendulo ngomdlandla. Lo mlingisi uvele ngaphambi izilaleli ijazi isudi. Zonke zasesiteji ayesebenzisa kwaba kakhulu elula - ukuvula amatafula ngemilenze mncane, akukho zokudla kuhlanzekile yini, lapho kwakunokwenzeka ukufihla okuthile. Kwakubonakala sengathi izinto zibheda ngempela uhambe, elalela ngesicelo umculi. Izethameli abavume umbono ngazwilinye ngokuthi ucwaningo wabonisa Bosco (amaqhinga) - kungcono magic.

Labalumbi benza njalo ngamalumbo wokuqala Russian

Musa zisale ngemuva kusukela nozakwabo bakwamanye amazwe kanye jugglers Russian. Umlando uye walondoloza amagama abanye babo. Ngo 1828, i-Rogozhskaya Gate kwaba enkundleni yezemidlalo ukuze kube kokuyenga kwezilwane. Kube ebonakala Karasev - wabonisa "ucwaningo mechanical okuhlukile kokwabantu." Ngaphansi kokuqondisa ngomculi izilaleli ayecashe elinesisindo ibhokisi manual, kodwa wavele wanyamalala. On-site amahora kwaqhamuka inyoni. Zicashile ezindabeni okufanayo lokuzula imigexo ezitholakala ephaketheni isibukeli.

Kwesinye yemidlalo e Tver esangweni, wakhuluma bili Solovyov. Esikhathini poster, wabiza ngokwakhe 'umuntu engangenwa umlilo. " ucwaningo lakhe (stunts) ezihlanganiswa ngomlilo.

Ngo-1835, owayeyisikhulu Nikulin umakhenikha wabonisa ukusebenza kwakhe imilingo ngesikhathi Maly Theatre eMoscow. Ingcweti, wasebenzisa lo eziningi imibukiso Inkohliso amadivayisi self-ezenziwe. Futhi thina wehlele ulwazi mayelana nokusebenza esikhathini efanayo, abapristi abenza imilingo Russian njengoba Kuparenko, Vasiliy Korchagin no-Ivan Martin.

Nakuba kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukusebenza abaculi homegrown yomphakathi Russian uyabubona lalingu-kokwethula nozakwabo bakwamanye amazwe. izichazamazwi Russian ezibonisa isimo sengqondo ukuze lolu hlobo lobuciko eRussia ngokusebenzisa incazelo yegama elithi "ugxile" - Antics, ukudideka, inkohliso. +

Ngo nenkathi yamaSoviet

Ngokungangabazeki, ukuthuthukiswa enamandla kakhulu bekulokhu inkohliso yobuciko eSoviet Union. Inkohliso ukudala ezikhangayo ezintsha kanye amakamelo encane. Kancane kancane gone ahlotshiswe amagama angaphandle, okuyinto ngokwesiko wathatha yena Izanusi Russian. Lokho kwashintsha isimo sengqondo abaculi, futhi ukuqonda ukuthi kugxilwa. isizinda Nokusebenzelana ezingaqondakali zalesi simo esikhathini esidlule. Laba bameleli be-best of uhlobo kubonakala umeme izibukeli ukuba umdlalo wathi: "Manje kuyokwenziwa ukukhohliswa, kodwa ungakwazi ukukhokhela embule inkohliso."

abaculi ezinjalo zihlanganisa edumile illusionist E. T. Kio, owokuqala zesifazane illyuzionistku Soviet Kleo Doroti (Claudia Karasik). Yayisekelwe Kuyinkolelo-ze ukusetshenziswa e namagajethi inkohliso lolungenamaphutsa baqhubeka Anatoliy Sokol. Otar Ratiani wadala ukhangwa yasekuqaleni "Indoda Invisible," esekelwe inoveli by HG Wells. Enye wobuciko izikolo illusionary isekisi KwabaseSoviet Kwakugxile Khona - "extravaganza Water" Ilya Simvolokova. Futhi inkulumo yokugcina Anatoly Isinyathelo-Novozhilova enkundleni isekisi avela eared ensimini yonke rye futhi abantu bedansa. Abaculi kwasesekisini Soviet is hhayi nje likwenza - bajwayela art yabo, okwenza nomphakathi yayo futhi baqonde izinto ezenzekayo.

Izimangaliso musa siphele

Ngakho-ke yini ukukhangana, athwala magic amaqhinga? Umlingo yezandla zabo zingenza umuntu - ngokusobala, ngalolo udumo lwawo nokuphila kade. Kakade, ukungabondli ngempela ingcweti umculi-bili. Inani elikhulu izincwadi etholakalayo kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba balukhulume kahle namasu ezilula kodwa eziphumelelayo. Futhi zasesiteji esiyinhloko salokhu akudingeki - emphemeni of amakhadi, iduku, izinhlamvu ezimbalwa noma ubuhlalu. A amehlo, ufakazi wokuzibonela owayedidekile izilaleli, ufana nomshini kwesikhathi, yakwazi ukuqhubekela uthumele umculi zeminyaka emuva eminyakeni. Kuyinto zabaseGibithe lasendulo wabheka izimangaliso ezenzeka ethempelini kaFaro Ramses e 1260 BC.