Tolyatti - lokho endaweni? Togliatti kumephu Russia

Togliatti kumephu Russia uvele hhayi kudala - ngo-1964, kodwa eqinisweni edolobheni eyasungulwa Vasiliem Tatischevym, igubha iminyaka engu-280 ngonyaka ozayo. Kusukela 1737 wabizwa laseStavropol-on-iVolga. Indaba yakhe uhlukile: (. 1953-1955) kanye zone uzamcolo usakhiwa Zhigulevskaya emifula, washintsha ngokuphelele indawo. Lapho yena namuhla nokuthi zingatholakala, kokuba wajwayelana nalo sihloko.

Ephakathi iVolga

Njengengxenye eVolga Federal District lwabelwe ingxenye yayo eningizimu, ebizwa ngokuthi iVolga Ephakathi. Kuzo zombili izinhlangothi imifula omude kunayo yonke eYurophu ukusakaza Penza, Ulyanovsk, Saratov futhi Samara izifunda kanye yeRiphabhuliki yaseTatarstan. Itholakala lapha Togliatti. Yini endaweni uvikelekile yedolobha lezimboni yesimanje ngebhange kwesokunxele iVolga? Naphezu indawo kwele-18 kuleli zwe ngokuya labantu (abangaphezu kuka 712 ayizinkulungwane. Abantu) futhi ihlanganisa indawo (angaphezu kuka-315 amakhilomitha square), Togliatti liyisikhungo lesifunda zokuphatha.

Ephakathi iVolga - ezinabantu abaningi futhi ekuthuthukisweni komnotho ezindaweni, elithatha kunenzuzo indawo kanye nengqalasizinda athuthukile. ezokuthutha esikahle impambano nenzuzo ekuthuthukiseni umshini wokwakha, uwoyela, igesi kanye umkhakha zamakhemikhali, esifundeni idume. 74% abantu bakuleli batholakale bahlala emadolobheni. Le ndawo itholakala indawo ye sezulu esikahle Continental, lapho ihlobo hot zihlukaniswa ngokucacile (+25 ° C) hhayi seqhwa ubusika ne lokushisa ezimbi (isilinganiso - 12-15 ngaphansi kwezingaqhwa). Kodwa kukhona yesithwathwa futhi -30 ° C. Umkhawulo ne Lower iVolga sidlula Zhigulevskaya HPP lapho Togliatti itholakala.

Yikuphi ndawo ukubunjwa iVolga yalo?

Samara esifundeni asemingceleni Tatarstan, Orenburg, Ulyanovsk futhi Saratov izifunda, eningizimu-mpumalanga East European Plain. Siqukethe - amadolobha 11 no-23 edolobhaneni, united ezifundeni 27. Togliatti - sokuqondisa we laseStavropol esifundeni enyakatho-ntshonalanga nesifunda, kude yesifundazwe dolobha 59 km. I ibanga eliphakathi kwale mizi emzileni 88 km kanti unqobe cishe 2 ihora. Akukho abantu umbuzo esifundeni mayelana nendlela uthole Togliatti, lapho endaweni enhle kakhulu zokungcebeleka. Shuttle amabhasi ukusebenzisa njalo ngehora isigamu kuzo zonke iziteshi komuzi.

Zilapho kuhlangana nezinezimo ezintathu - asemaqeleni, asemaqeleni and ehlathini - Samara ndawo ikhava ihlathi% 12.6 kuphela. izihlahla Okubanzi enezicabha zitholakala enyakatho nesifunda, kufaka ekhatsi laseStavropol esifundeni, lapho izakhamuzi bathutheleka dolobha yesifunda ngamaholide.

Samarskaya Luka

Samara Region itholakala sifinyelela phakathi iVolga komfula, lapho ubude 230 km ugu kwakhiwa bend ngobukhulu (wave square), elika Samarskaya Luka. Ibanga km 60 ukusuka empumalanga uya entshonalanga futhi 30 km - ukusuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu, kusukela esigodini edolobheni Usolye Syzran. Eqinisweni Samarskaya Luka wageza ngasemanzini amadamu amabili - Saratov futhi Kuibyshev - futhi amadevu komfula omncane. Impendulo yombuzo Togliatti: "Yini ndawo kuyo okuzolandela" - it is kakhulu baseRussia Akwaziwa kahle ngoba dolobha osebeni Kuibyshev Reservoir. Kuibyshev - igama emzini Samara kuze 1991.

Isigaba ebabazekayo iningi Samara Luka kuba ibanga kusuka Samara ukuba kwama Zhigulevskaya HPP, okuyizinto umqhele ezintabeni Zhiguli (ukuphakama - 375 metres). Umfula unciphise, futhi izivakashi zingathola wabona ngokucace bha indlela egqumeni zisuka emoyeni ziqonde ekufezeni iVolga. HPP izintaba elisoGwini ibhange kwesokudla emfuleni, lapho Zhigulevsk edolobheni. Kwesokunxele, eslphambanweni emathafeni futhi ihlathi-asemaqeleni empumalanga ye iVolga futhi Samara Luka ubabonisa Togliatti (Samara izithombe edolobheni noLuka okusesihlokweni esithi).

isikhundla ezindawo

Itholakala ku-70 km eMfuleni iVolga e Samara esifundeni ngenhlonipho enhlokodolobha. Ubude imingcele kuyinto 149 km. Lo muzi ubizwa ezingekho kuleli laseStavropol esifundeni, futhi ngaphezu it is izungezwe Zhiguliovsk. Kwaphela isikhathi eside ukuxoxa uxhumano kweminye yale mizi emibili, kodwa kuze kube manje imane nje okusalungiswa. Kusukela eningizimu, idolobha okuhlanganisiwe ne edamini we Kuibyshev Reservoir ne empumalanga yayo lizungezwe emahlathini, enyakatho-ntshonalanga - umhlaba wokulima.

Togliatti Russia ibalazwe Sokubambisana ingatholakala engosini ethi izixhumanisi ezilandelayo:

• 53 ° 31 'enyakatho nenkabazwe;
• 49 ° 25 'longitude empumalanga.

Leli dolobha kule Samara yeskhati. isihlobo ukufuduka isikhathi sayo eMoscow ihora elingu-1. Isifunda has ehlobo, okuholela ukufuduka futhi kuqhathaniswa UTC.

Umlando omncane

06.20.1737, ngemva kokubuya bomkhankaso Orenburg eholwa Tatishchev, u-Anna Ivanovna pha isitifiketi ngesisekelo UPrincess Anne Taishin leli dolobha ukuze kwakhiwe le nqaba ukuze abuthele kule ndawo zonke Kalmyks abhapathizwe. Lolu suku kubhekwa usuku isiphetho isisekelo. Kukholakala ukuthi kuwo wonke umlando, ezintathu wazalwa Togliatti. Yini kuleyo ndawo ngaleso sikhathi yayikhona esizeni Samara? Eminyakeni 50 (babesuka odla izindwani ezisehlanzeni) nomuzi wawungowegolide ku Kuibyshev esifundeni, ukuvula ukwakhiwa Hydroelectric Power Station. Lenin (phambilini obuwaziwa ngo Zhigulevskaya). isizinda ezimisiwe isakhiwo grand kamuva elasetshenziselwa base wamabhizinisi chemical ( "Kuibyshev", "Togliattikauchuk", "TogliattiAzot") kanye iVolga Automobile Plant. "AvtoVAZ" Isinqumo ukwakha kwaba usuku lwesithathu yokuzalwa edolobheni, ngoba uye wabangela kwatheleka izixuku zabantu abasha, futhi kwenza kwaba nokwanda okuphawulekayo labantu.

Ngo-1964 ngesinqumo likahulumeni laseStavropol iqanjwe kabusha yokudumisa Togliatti Palmiro Togliatti, inhloko iCommunist Party of Italy. Washona ngosuku olwandulela umhlangano, kuyilapho e-USSR. ezombusazwe Italian mbibi ukwenzani edolobheni elibizwa ngegama lakhe iminyaka 82, ngakho umphakathi iye kabanzi okuxoxwe udaba of the ukubuya isihloko sokuqala.

Territory, isakhiwo zokuphatha

Namuhla Togliatti, isithombe okuyinto ungabona ekhasini, ihlanganisa indawo engaba ngu-315 square metres. km, 25,5% kuba ihlathi ezisemadolobheni. Kuyinto komuzi greenest ku Samara esifundeni. Phakathi izifunda zalo ezintathu zokuphatha, welula eduze km iVolga, 40, kukhona ibanga elithileko. 36% of the indawo eyidolobha oluthatha Avtozavodskaya wesifunda, lapho kukhona izindawo "AvtoVAZ". Kusukela Central ahlukaniswa 3 km ihlathi. ukususwa Komsomolsk esifundeni ukuze uthole enye i-km 5-7. Ngu ndawo, kunjengoba emaphakathi, ithatha 32% yonke indawo edolobheni.

Kusukela ekusungulweni edolobheni has elingenamikhono ayo izingalo ngesimo inqaba nge cross phakathi. Isikhulu esiphezulu kuyinto imeya, namuhla, lokhu okuthunyelwe ubelokhu eqashelwa S. I. Andreev. amandla Legislative is bagxila ezandleni Togliatti City Council ehlanganisa amasekela 35. Ngo-October 2015, Togliatti (neSamara region) wathola isimo owodwa umkhakha edolobheni, njengoba social inhlalakahle iningi lezakhamizi kuncike isimo izinkampani main esifundeni - "AvtoVAZ".

Avtozavodskaya wesifunda

Phakathi izakhamuzi endaweni ukukhululwa kwe-New futhi iDolobha Elidala. Eyokuqala uyalandisa endaweni Autazavadski kabani labantu siphezulu kunamanye isamba ezinye ezimbili futhi abantu abangaphezu kuka-436 eziyinkulungwane. It ithatha ingxenye esentshonalanga ye-dolobha eya ebhange iVolga. Ngo oyiyo ihlukaniswe ngezigodi 28, okuyinto zihlukaniswe emapaki futhi boulevards. imigwaqo Main ahlukaniswe amakota ndawonye. Kodwa sokuchuma okunjalo akuyona ejwayelekile lonke Togliatti, ibalazwe okuyinto kunikeza umbono mayelana izici esifundeni ngasinye zokuphatha. Ngaphezu "AvtoVAZ", kuba endaweni idolobha elisha kukhona amabhizinisi of umkhakha ukukhanya, owaziwa esifundeni: ifektri iwayini ekhanya, yobisi basefektri.

Kuyinto kulandwe encane kunawo wonke esifundeni izindlu zikamasipala we elimiswe ngesikhathi esifanayo ne ukwakhiwa zalesi sihlahla imoto. Futhi munye kuphela lapho izinga lokuzalwa idlula izinga lokufa. amakhaya amasha zakhelwe ngaphakathi zone ihlathi, edlulisela imingcele yakuleli dolobha.

Komsomolsk esifundeni

abantu abangaba yizinkulungwane ezingu-120 abahlala endaweni yesifunda empumalanga, esemgwaqweni ngqo osebeni noMfula iVolga ezansi nomfula yayo. Kuyinto eduze edamini futhi Zhigulevskaya emifula ukuya emgwaqweni omkhulu federal M5 samaqanda. Kulapha umuzi port komfula, lapho stop izivakashi lihamba iVolga. Ibhuloho enhle kakhulu yokuziqhenya wangempela esifundeni, izitshalo yokukhiqiza okuyinto zitholakala endaweni amabanga amade uma liya kusuka ngezigigaba yokuhlala, "TogliattiAzot", "AvtoVAZagregat", "VAZinterService".

Ngaphambili, sifunda sasingaba emzaneni Kuneevka hushazela walondoloza ezinkampanini ezizimele kanye naseminyangweni ukuthuthukiswa 50s. Naphezu kakhulu endaweni indawo, ingcebo akuyona funa ekhethekile. Izakhamuzi uthanda ukuchitha endleleni esuka imizuzu 20 kuya ku-60, kodwa bahlala ezindlini ngokunethezeka. Le ngxenye Togliatti (ibalazwe idolobha kunikela umqondo wokuthi indawo) libhekisela zomlando muzi amagugu. Nazi emathempelini ngekhulu XIX: St uTikhon futhi Annunciation sezindela. Gateway District (isigodi wangaphambili) ngokuthi mini-Petersburg ngenxa buildings isitayela classic.

sokushisekela

Igama ngokwalo kusikisela ukuthi indawo endaweni - liyingxenye eyinhloko komuzi, ikhaya ezakhamuzini ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 160. Nguye ngubani igama lolungakahleleki we Old Town, elibonisa kwasekuqaleni ku isimo isitokwe izindlu. Izindlu lapha ezakhiwa ngesikhathi kubusa Khrushchev kanye uStalin. Tolyatti Maps nge-Street olukhombisa ukuthi isimiso yentuthuko lihlukile "square-cluster" endaweni Autazavadskaya. Maphakathi kwepaki itholakala, has isimo sabo enkabeni yedolobha bakhangisa nje endaweni yomphakathi ephakathi, okuyindawo radii ushiye ezitaladini ezingxenyeni ezahlukene esifundeni, nakuba uhlelo alondolozwa amagama ikota.

Izakhamuzi Old Town ekuphileni kwansuku zonke ezibhekwa ehlakaniphe kakhulu futhi uma kuqhathaniswa ne izakhamuzi zedolobha ku iNeva, sihluke Muscovites. Kukhona okuningi emelelwa ezizimele, lapho ngokusobala ekilasini babhekane nezinga elikhulu. Kanye izindlu ezincane agugile kabusha Villas ukunethezeka, ivikelwe wezinja. On osebeni iVolga wesifunda welula Port, okuyinto kubhekwa ipharadesi elingokoqobo edolobheni Togliatti (neSamara region).

labantu

Idolobhana ubhekwa zinsizwa, ngokuba bakhona usemncane. Ngokusho ukubalwa kwabantu zakamuva, isilinganiso seminyaka yobudala Togliatti lisetudlwana kuka engu-39 (39.2). Ukuze bopha intsha emzini wavula zemfundo ephakeme engaphezu kwengu-20, ngesikhathi kubusa amaSoviet kwakukhona kuphela Togliatti Polytechnic Institute and Military School (manje Military-Technical Institute). The main labantu - abantu abaseminyakeni yokusebenza, abantu 150,000 kuphela - impesheni. Nineties langena umlando emzini izenzakalo sad: ukwanda ekusebenziseni kabi izidakamizwa nasekuziphatheni ukutheleleka nge-HIV phakathi kwabantu abasha. Namuhla, isimo kancane uhlaliseke.

Isibalo esingaphezulu kwengxenye izakhamuzi bangabesifazane. Togliatti, ibalazwe umuzi akukuniki umqondo Ukwakheka kazwelonke sabantu, at 83,2% we-Russian enabantu. Okunye bezizwe - AmaTatar, Ukraine, laseMordovia, Isi-Chuvash.

Izikhangibavakashi. Kanjani ukuze baye khona?

Umuzi izivakashi ngenxa isondele le Zhiguli Mountains. Minyaka yonke, ngeSonto lokuqala July, abathandi yobuciko ngoma Grushin Festival (igama elisha - "Platform") eduze Tolyatti. Amakhulu ezinkulungwane abahlanganyeli ukubuthana Mastryukovskie amachibi, lapho inkumbulo oshonile Valery Grushin ngomculo we abadlali abanamakhono abavela kulo lonke elaseRussia. Ngakho-ke, abaningi umbuzo: "Uphi Tolyatti, ? Okuyinto indawo Russia uhlela iholidi Bard"

Indlela elula kunazo ukuya edolobheni - kuba zendiza. Kurumoch International Airport kuyinto km 50 kude, kusuka lapho amabhasi hamba amatekisi. Kubalulekile ukuthi waba ini ingxenye yomuzi umuntu udinga yokufika khona: entsha noma sibadala, ngoba imizila ezahlukene ngokuphelele. Ngesikhathi sasehlobo, ukufinyelela okulula edolobheni phezu kwamanzi, nihambahambe elithakazelisayo eduze iVolga. Ungathola kukhona kanye ujantshi, kodwa esiyinhloko ujantshi okuhlangana alikho Togliatti. Ibalazwe kuzosiza sithole Isitimela Samara, inhloko-dolobha yesifunda, lapho uhamba amabhasi, ahamba amabhasi kanye namatekisi.