Thrombocytopenia sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba: Ubangela, Ihlahlubo, Ukwelashwa

Ezinye zezifo bemvelo sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba, ke kudingeka siyinake thrombocytopenia ekhethekile. Ukuze kusho ukugula isici sici zokunciphisa isibalo platelet - Izinto ezisemqoka igazi coagulation. Ngaphandle ngisho nokwazi ukuthi iyini - i thrombocytopenia sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba, iziguli eziningi indiva izimpawu zokuqala zesifo, futhi livela kangakanani ngeze. Ngezigaba eziphambili kunobungozi yezinkinga engaholela ekufeni, futhi amathuba ukuze umuntu alulame ngokugcwele - zimbalwa futhi ziyantula.

Uyini thrombocytopenia: incazelo emfushane

Lesi sifo libhekene ukungakwazi isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ukuze aqaphele platelet ayo, okuholela inyumbazane yabo. Umphumela we inqubo sokugembula kuyinto ukukhiqizwa kwamasosha omzimba e ubende, esiza ngesivinini yashesha ukuqeda "izihambi" umzimba. Ngokuvamile, ukugula kuzibonakalisa ebusika kanye entwasahlobo. Ezingeni eliphansi izinhlayiyana zegazi ngezinye izikhathi ukhuluma ngani ifomu-non-mzimba lesi sifo. Kulokhu, thrombocytopenia, kwenzeka esimweni nemiphumela ebonakalayo phezu platelet.

Kushiwo leqembu lezifo sokuhamba kwegazi, isifo sokulahlekelwa igazi libhekwa ezicini ezihlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile lesi sifo ahlukaniswe ngobude ukugeleza ku izinhlobo ezimbili - oyingozi futhi ezingalapheki. I esiyingozi kakhulu abantu uhlobo lesi sifo yesibili, njengoba ukubuyisela evamile platelet count kungathatha izinyanga ezimbalwa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi iminyaka. Kukhona futhi enye Ukwahlukaniswa thrombocytopenia, lovela isifo lesibili noma eyinhloko - ukugula uyakwazi sibonakalise bebodwa noma kwenzeka ngokumelene zasemuva zezinye izinhlelo kwezinso emzimbeni.

Propensity nezifo, amaqembu ingozi

Izigameko zokushona thrombocytopenia ingozi kunzima ukuba kuthiwe wodwana iziguli. Kodwa izinguquko njalo kule ezingeni amangqamuzana abomvu emzimbeni kwabesifazane asivumela ukuba ushayele ubulili bubuhle usengozini yokuthola isifo. Isizathu salokhu kungaba ezahlukahlukene, ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile, wafaka isitembu wami umsebenzi hematopoietic (kokuya esikhathini, abantwana, ukuxakeka ngemva kokubeletha, menopause, nokunye. D.). Ezinganeni, lesi sifo singumbulali ezingavamile.

Yini ekwenza uphelelwe yini kulumkhuhlane?

Ngokuqiniseka okuphelele ukuthi kungani lesi sifo ayinakwenzeka. Kodwa, naphezu kwalokhu, ochwepheshe sithambekele ukuvumelana mayelana sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba thrombocytopenia purpura - indima enkulu ebangela isifo kudlala yofuzo. Ngoba noma yini izizathu, thrombocytopenia sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba zihlanganisa:

• ukuphendula iguliswa komzimba (e sine ethile, elwa namagciwane kanye imithi alkaloid kungabangela ifomu acute zesifo);
• ukuntula mzimba, amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka;
• ukumpontshelwa igazi, igazi nakancane;
• ukwehluleka oyingozi kwezinso;
• kwesibindi kohlobo uhlobo;
• scleroderma;
• lupus;
• leukemias;
• ukusebenzisa kabi utshwala.

Cishe ukuthuthukisa izifo kubantu abazalwa nokutheleleka nge-HIV. Izizathu okubonakalisa isifo akunakubangelwa Ukudlulela emzimbeni ebukhoneni umdlavuza. Ukwehla egazi kuholela folic acid ukuntuleka kwamavithamini, ukungezwani vitamin B12, noma overabundance njalo yokuchayeka emisebeni ye, oku-ultraviolet.

Izimpawu main kwezinhlobo isifo sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba

Symptomatology sici for thrombocytopenia sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba, isiguli ngasinye iboniswa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Izimpawu zesifo zinqunywa, okokuqala kunakho konke, izimbangela zezifo, ubunjalo balesi sifo. Nokho, ukugqamisa izici eziyinhloko, ukubukeka okufanele ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuya odokotela, ilula:

• Okuvela kuyo isikhumba nokulimala, ukopha. Ngokungafani nemihuzuko abavamile izindawo purple iziguli uqaphela kaningi kule aphansi nemilenze, esifubeni nasebusweni izindebe.
• Isikhathi eside ukopha iziyaluyalu ngenxa izicubu ubuqotho (emva ukususwa amazinyo, isilonda eligcizelela ukubukeka kwangaphandle, ukusika).
• Ukwandisa wesibeletho lymph node ephelezelwa eziphikelelayo ongaphakeme-ebangeni imfiva.
• umkhuhlane palpable, ubuthaka imilenze, isiyezi.

Yiziphi izimpawu kufanele sinake?

I ngaphambili ukuthi nginesifo thrombocytopenia, kuba lula iwukuqeda ke. Ngokwesibonelo, iziguli akuvamile sinake izimpawu ezifana nokopha izinsini, ukuqubuka ezincane emzimbeni. Kuvele isikhathi sicabange futhi ukuya inhlolovo kukhona kobuhlungu ngokuphelele futhi ezinkulu hematoma zokuzikhukhumeza nezicubu zenzeka ngesikhathi ukulimala kancane, kanye ukukhethwa indle kanye nomchamo ne amahlule. Ezinganeni abaphethwe thrombocytopenia sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba, ukubonakaliswa ezivamile kungenziwa ngokuthi ngopha emakhaleni, ngeshwa, ingathathwa sina abazali. Ngokuvamile, leli qiniso kuvimbela ukuzimisela ngesikhathi esifanele imbangela ukubonakaliswa sokugembula kweqiniso.

Platelet ukuntula ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa: sezizathu ezinkulu

Ukukhulelwa thrombocytopenia sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba odokotela cabanga ngezokwelapha engqubuzanayo. Abesifazane elinde umthamo wemvula, inani amaseli egazi, ngisho inkambo evamile siyahlukahluka umehluko eziphawulekayo, ngakho udokotela kungenziwa ngokuthi umsebenzi enemininingwane zokuqapha njalo isimo igazi. Ngokuvamile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, inani zegazi abesifazane kuyehla kube kusebenze kwegazi neuropathy, kodwa izinguquko ezinjalo azibona abalulekile ukuze abangele thuthuva sína imisebenzi ebalulekile emzimbeni. By the way, izimbangela zezinkumbulo isifo omama abakhulelwe ngokuvamile:

• Ukudla okungalungile kanye nokuntuleka ukudla;
• okusezingeni eliphezulu ukopha;
• yensimbi ukuntula anaemia;
• buthakathaka isimiso sokuzivikela komzimba.

Indlela abelethe ingane ephile saka nge thrombocytopenia?

Zonke lezi zici kuholele ukuthuthukiswa ongaphakeme umnkantsha zamangqamuzana abomvu egazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iningi platelet akhiqizwa, nokuba ukuma okungajwayelekile. Kuyo yonke ukukhulelwa, i-fetus echayeke engozini enkulu lokubangela ukopha zangaphakathi. Lapho kunobufakazi okuholela yezinkinga Ukuwohloka umama nengane, odokotela bangase banqume ukuhamba wazalwa kungakabi isikhathi. thrombocytopenia sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba ufanelwe ukuqashelwa ngaphezu kwanoma yini enye ongoti zonke izigaba uphethwe. Nge ukwelashwa esifike ngesikhathi lesi sifo, okuyinto akufaki abalulekile ukopha ngesikhathi ukulethwa, kungenzeka bokubeletha yemvelo is hhayi ngaphandle.

Ihlahlubo: indlela yokwahlukanisa esivela nezinye izifo?

Ngaphambi uqinisekisa thrombocytopenia sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba kwasekuqaleni kubalulekile ukuthi bahlukanise phakathi etiology ka ukuntula platelet kweqiniso, ngoba iningi izimpawu zifana ne nezinye izifo ezingathi sína kwababhemayo umzimba:

• anaemia;
• izifo elilandelayo hematological;
• Ukudlulela umnkantsha;
• splenomegaly zinhlobo - yezifo ubende;
• izifo endocrine.

Ezimweni eziningi sitholakele thrombocytopenia sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba akakubangeli nobunzima, ngokuqondene ukuthola lesi sifo, izindlela ezehlukene emitholampilo laboratory ucwaningo. Ngokuvamile, odokotela uqinisekise uphethwe kungenzeka nge:

• emitholampilo ukuhlaziywa igazi;
• kwamakhemikhali ukuhlaziywa igazi;
• Cytology;
• Omnkantsha Histology.

Indlela esiphatha ngayo nokuntuleka zegazi?

Inombolo eyinhloko izimo, ekwelapheni thrombocytopenia sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba kuba hormone. Phakathi ukwelashwa isifo isiguli ezinqunyiwe imithi gormonsoderzhaschie ezivame kakhulu okuyinto "prednisolone" - a glucocorticosteroid, ukusetshenziswa okungagunyaziwe kanye engalawuliwe nozobamba okuvela amathuba okuba nemiphumela engemihle. Ukulungiselela esabela udokotela ukuba khona, ulindele Isikali: isilinganiso "prednisolone" Bonisa Ukuthi esekelwe isilinganiso 1 ml ngayinye esisindo 1 kg. Ngezinye izigaba eziseqophelweni isifo Uchwepheshe anganquma ukwandisa umthamo okungenani kabili.

Glucocorticoids efakazelwe ngokwabo ekulweni thrombocytopenia sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba, kodwa ngokuvamile iningi yokwelapha izidakamizwa inikeza umphumela lingaze ngesimo zokugula yesibili. Kulokhu, ngokuvamile okuwukuphela kwekhambi inkinga ukuhlinzwa. Ukususwa kwezimiso ubende kwezokwelapha ibizwa ngokuthi splenectomy. Ukusebenza wenziwa laparoscopically. Ngaphambi enifeza oqondile kokungenela Isikali hormone yokufakelwa ukwandisa mithathu ngokwethula ngqo emthanjeni wesilwane. Ngemva ukususwa ubende izinga "Prednisolone" akugcini - isidakamizwa kuthathe iminyaka emibili.

Izici nokwelashwa thrombocytopenia

Lapho kuvela izinkinga esikhathini Inkambo yokwelashwa kuhlinzwa ka thrombocytopenia sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba, isiguli zinikwa cytotoxic nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali immunosuppressive umsebenzi. Ekwelapheni amafomu ezinzima zalesi sifo sihlanganisa izinyathelo ukubuyisela ivolumu evamile igazi ngokusebenzisa ukumpompela abanikelayo. Ukuze ugweme ukuphinda lesi sifo, nesineke lufakwa akhawunti ukuncoma ngezikhathi bahlolwe ngezinhloso prophylactic.

Ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo iphathwa ngokushesha nangempumelelo, kuvele inhlekelele bavame kwenzeka ngemva ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kwaphela izinsuku eziningana. Nokho, ukuqedwa izidakamizwa kufanele esihlelwe ne udokotela - nesineke, njengoba umthetho, kufanele usebenzise izidakamizwa kuze ikhambi sokugcina.

ukwelashwa Yabantu nokudla

Bhekana sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba thrombocytopenia ikani futhi abantu amakhambi. Ngezinye izigaba eziseqophelweni isifo kahle yabo siphansi, kodwa lihambisana esiqokiwe okunye izidakamizwa ukwelashwa ngokuvamile ibonisa imiphumela emihle. Thuthukisa isimo igazi futhi usize ukwandisa platelet count:

• isinkwa kungekho kuswela;
• walnuts;
• raspberry;
• lo ukumnika rose okhalweni;
• umhluzi sembabazane;
• beetroot kanye birch ubisi.

Lapho thrombocytopenia, isiguli kufanele sibuyekezwe nemikhuba yokudla. Nakuba engakwazanga ukuwaphendula esinconyiwe ethile mayelana Ukudla, ukugwema ukukhula kwezitho zangaphakathi ukopha kubalulekile ukuhlafuna ukudla, ukudla kushisa kakhulu, ukulahla imikhiqizo kuyacasula nolwelwesi lwamafinyila yaleli pheshana emathunjini.

Kungenzeka yini ukuba umuntu elashwe zokugula: isibikezelo yokutakula

Isibikezelo thrombocytopenia sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba buvezwa kakhulu ukuma egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo. Ngokwesibonelo, isifo okungukuthi esigabeni oyingozi, ukwelapha lula kakhulu ukwedlula uhlobo ezingamahlalakhona lesi sifo. Kwezinye izimo, yokutakula kwenzeka ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imithi. Ngo thrombocytopenia ezingamahlalakhona ukubikezela yokutakula zokugcina ezinzima kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo maqondana nokuphila lesiguli futhi ibe usongo olukhulu kuyovela uma sekuyisikhathi ukufuna usizo olukhethekile futhi baqala ukwelashwa ngaphandle okuholela ukopha zangaphakathi.

Okungenzeka kabusha ekunciphiseni platelet count in iziguli ifomu ezingamahlalakhona sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba ngokwanele ezinkulu, njengoba kungase kumkhathaze izici ezihlukahlukene - kusuka ukucindezeleka nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu noma ethola amalungiselelo wezokwelapha. Uyahluleka uma elwa nokuphuza zivame ukuhambisana ezinzima, kodwa ngoba kulezi ziguli ezidinga kokuqondisa konke Ochwepheshe. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi makabe nombono womuntu ongabazisayo walungisiswa izifo ezihambisana kule isifo sokuhamba kwegazi. Ngokwesibonelo, amathuba lesiguli zokululama kusuka wegazi noma umnkantsha metastases omncane.