Street Kuznetsky Iningi, eMoscow. Moscow ezikhangayo

emgwaqweni Arcuate Kuznetsk kwebhuloho ku ibalazwe eMoscow luphakathi le Boulevard Ring. Itholakala ku Tver kanye Meshchansky District Central kwesiFunda dolobha yaqanjwa eponymous izakhiwo zasendulo, lathumela obabukhona kusukela maphakathi nekhulu XVIII ka 1819.

Umsuka Kuznetsky Iningi Street liba Big Dmitrovka futhi iphela ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo Bolshaya Lubyanka.

Umlando 1819

Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala emgwaqweni, ukuhlangabezana yesimanje Kuznetsky Iningi, eziqukethwe "Census eMoscow emagcekeni" ngu-1620. Iphinde ukhuluma ukuthi igceke wezinzalamizi nabakhulu uMbhishobhi Omkhulu Tver. Mayelana ibhuloho lezingodo phezu Neglinka Yakhiwa esikhathini esifanayo, ngokuthi Kuznetsk, eduze kwayo waqala ukuhlala abamele imindeni edume kakhulu ahlukile. Eminyakeni eyikhulu kamuva ke salandelwa itshe elimhlophe, waba esinye sezakhiwo izindlela ezine eziyinhloko zokuqonda le uhlobo eMoscow.

Ngemva esinqumweni uCatherine II emalungelweni abantu bakwamanye amazwe, endaweni lapho emgwaqweni yesimanje. Kuznetsky Iningi, laqala ukuhlehla ibe nendawo yokuhlala compact abathengisi amazwe aseYurophu, okuyinto usuqalile ukuvula khona futhi nemfashini izitolo izingubo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, aristocrats eziningi Russian bathutha, futhi izindlu zabo yaphenduka amavesi futhi, njengoba nje umuntu engathenga uthi namuhla, eziyinxanxathela.

Phakathi umlilo 1812 mgwaqo ehlangana Iningi Kuznetsky, cishe akazange ahlupheke ngenxa onogada sikaNapoleon ezathatha zivalelwe izitolo kanye nezindlu Bakwethu zabo. Ngemva kokuphela kweMpi Yezwe II wabuyela okwabezizwe, ukuhweba waya yimpumelelo enkulu nakakhulu kunangaphambili.

Ngemva 1819

Njengengxenye kabusha enkulu enhlokodolobha ngo-1817, umsebenzi waqala ukunqinda Neglinka nemengamo itshe. Ngenxa yalokho, leli bhuloho Kuznetsk balala, isimo ezisebenza zisuswe, futhi lakha isakhiwo ikhaya imigqa emisha. Izinguquko zabhekana namagama ndawo. Ikakhulukazi, manje kakade Kuznetsky Iningi Street.

Moscow ngaleso sikhathi phezu ingxenye ukuhweba babeze bahlale inzuzo okuncane phezu Petersburg, ngakho lapho bahlangana ukuthenga kulo lonke elaseRussia. Ikakhulukazi, kuze 1917 Kuznetsky Iningi, in parlance zanamuhla, kuba enkulu yezitolo lendawo ozinikezele kusuka ezweni lonke, nasemaphephandabeni we sikhathi wayephiwe uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi 'indlu engcwele ukunethezeka imfashini. " Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lo mgwaqo uvele studio lapho amakhasimende 24 amahora bathunga sigqoka futhi amasudi ngoba amasampula baletha ngqo kusuka Paris.

Kamuva Kuznetsk ibhuloho isibe Umbukiso we inhlalakahle emzini, abantu abajabulayo lokubonisa abantu bezinye izizwe. Ngenxa yale njongo kukhona ngo-1886 ngisho labetibambile ngogesi, owawungumnyaka eseyintsha eRussia. ukwakhiwa Emikhulu emgwaqeni Kuznetsk kwebhuloho (eMoscow) kwaqala ekhulwini le-20, lapho abanye ezidiliziwe agugile ukwakhiwa kwezindlu efulethini entsha futhi amavesi manje yomhlobiso wawo.

Ngemva Okthoba Revolution

Ngo ngemuva kokumiswa amandla Soviet eminyakeni yokuqala neziningi zezakhiwo ku Kuznetsky Iningi kwadliwa ezandleni ezikhungweni ezahlukene isimo nezinhlangano. Impilo ka-mgwaqo kwesibili kwaqala ngo kwenkathi nep, lapho izakhamuzi bezentengiselwano baphinde bavunyelwe ukuthuthukisa ukuhweba. Nokho, isihloko esiyinhloko imfashini maphakathi nezwe kule ndawo eyabuyiswa lapho Zonke-Union fashion house wavulwa e-№14 ndlu isathandwa kakhulu namanje Kuznetsky Iningi.

Moscow emuva kwesehlakalo, sibonga Abaklami ukusebenza khona, liye laziwa emhlabeni njengoba indawo ukudala imodi ekhethekile nangomphefumulo Russian.

Kwaba ngemva kwezikhathi zokulotshwa namaSoviet

Ngemva kokuwa kweSoviet Union ekuqaleni '90s, kwezinye zezakhiwo ezidiliziwe kanye endaweni yabo emisha eyakhelwe. Kunzima ukusho kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ehlotshisiwe le Kuznetsk ibhuloho. Moscow kule nkathi ngokuvamile balahlekelwa eminingi yezakhiwo, ikakhulukazi Irreplaceable. Ukuvimbela lokhu esikhathini esizayo, ngo-2011 ezindaweni ezivikelekile okunikezwe ingxenye yomgwaqo okungukuthi izakhiwo lasendulo ekhaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, cishe zonke kubo unikezwa isimo izikhumbuzo ukubaluleka sikahulumeni.

look zanamuhla

Namuhla kule ndawo futhi kakhulu esitaladini le Kuznetsk kwebhuloho (endaweni eMoscow iphahlwe Theatre Lane nasemigwaqweni Dmitrovka futhi Christmas) zikhona izikhungo eziningi ezidumile kwezamasiko kanye nezemfundo kusukela Bolshoi Theatre kanye Technical Library nesiphetho School. Shchepkin.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo iqhubeka ibe yindawo lapho basuke bagxila izitolo edume kakhulu yenhloko-dolobha. Lezi zihlanganisa i-olusha ngokuphelele TSUM Ukuhweba House "USvetlana", 4-storey esitolo yesikhulumi kanye nabanye. It is lo mgwaqo ubudala nezinto zalo ezikhangayo eyaziwa, ifanelwe incazelo ehlukile.

Amafulethi endlini Tretyakov

I zokuthutha esikahle kakhulu, okuvumela ukuba uthole mgwaqo Kuznetsk kwebhuloho - esitimeleni. Budebuduze esiteshini kwegama esifanayo Tretyakov amafulethi endlini, elakhiwa ngo-1892 e isitayela mbumbulu Russian by wezakhiwo Kaminský.

Kuleli qophelo umnikazi walesi sakhiwo, okuyinto lalungiswa ngo-2011, iyona "Bank of Moscow".

ndima Popova

Lena sezakhiwo enhle kakhulu e Kuznetsky Iningi. Ekuqaleni, endaweni yayo kwaba inxuluma Ukubala Vederevskogo. Isakhiwo ngokuphindaphindiwe lidlule isuka kwesinye isandla iye futhi liye lasinda imililo eziningana. Ekupheleni endlini XIX leminyaka Wathenga yomthengisi Popov, ababethwala kwaze kwaba phansi emhlabathini wakha yezitolo, lapho izitolo eziningi zitholakala.

Ngemva Revolution, isakhiwo Kwadliwa, futhi kwaku zamahhovisi ehlukene kahulumeni, futhi kamuva - umtapo zesayensi kanye lobuchwepheshe. Okwamanje, ukwakhiwa kabusha, futhi okufanele ukuvula umnyango esitolo esikhulu.

Amafulethi endlini "Ukhozi"

Enye ukuthatheka, okuyinto kungabonwa ngokuya emgwaqweni, Kuznetsky Iningi (ongaphansi komhlaba kuba ngaphakathi ukuhamba ibanga) idume KaMose yayo olungaphambili lwesonto. Lona okuthiwa efulethini endlini "Ukhozi" e umhlobiso wakhe ubuhanjelwe N. Sapunov, I. Mashkov futhi Mikhail Vrubel.

Manje ngoba sewuyazi ukuthi lowo mgwaqo edumile Kuznetsk ibhuloho. Ngenhla nje izakhiwo ezintathu abadumile, kusuka inqwaba izikhumbuzo kungabonwa khona. Ngakho, kungcono asizisoli bebona!