Strawberry ukutshalwa zokugcina unyaka njengoba ibhizinisi

strawberry Sweet elimnandi efana izingane kanye nabantu abadala. Njengoba sisendleleni ende nezinyanga zasebusika, abantu babheke phambili ehlobo, lapho ungakwazi ukujabulela ukunambitheka kwako. Kodwa akufanele ulinde isikhathi eside kangaka? ungakwazi ukhule strawberry ebusika kule abamba ukushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyazuzisa ukwakha ibhizinisi uyoletha engenayo eside.

Iyini inzuzo sitrobheli ibhizinisi?

Ngakho ngaphambilini nemvelo ukuthi nokuvuthwa mass lesi sithelo okumnandi futhi wonke umuntu eyintandokazi kuyinto ekuqaleni ehlobo. Kodwa strawberry ukhule futhi adayise balimi eziningi kanye nabalimi, ngakho ukuncintisana phakathi kwabo omkhulu. Nokho, ekupheleni berry isizini ayitholakali. Izitolo zidayiswa strawberry eqandisiwe. Kepha akusimina kodwa ziqhathaniswa amajikijolo, bekha kusuka engadini.

abantu engumthengisi ungaqala ezikhulayo strawberry in zokugcina unyaka wonke futhi ngeke udumazeke enkulu ekukhethweni kuka-ibhizinisi. Into eyinhloko ukutshala izinhlobo commercial amajikijolo, okuzoba inzuzo. Okuthathelwa kukho: Ukusetshenziswa abaseRussia strawberry kwandisa unyaka nonyaka kuze kube amaphesenti amahlanu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukutshala strawberry in zokugcina unyaka wonke kungaba utshalomali ezinhle izimali zabo esikhathini esizayo. Yiqiniso, ama-strawberry - isitshalo olindele. Nokho, uma unakekelwa kahle, lokhu isiko unika ezithela ezinhle futhi ayidingi utshalomali abalulekile.

Indlela ukuqhuba ukubhalisa ibhizinisi?

Uma bayaqiniseka ukuthi ukutshala strawberry in zokugcina unyaka uqala ukuletha imali enhle, ukuqala ukubhalisa ibhizinisi. Leli bhizinisi libhekwa njengoba ifomu ebhizinisini ngamunye futhi has isigaba umkhiqizi kwezolimo. Kuleli hlobo umsebenzi likhokhelwa intela flat, ukuthi aseqeli amaphesenti angaphezu kwayisithupha. Ukuze afeze ukutshala strawberry in zokugcina unyaka wonke njengoba ibhizinisi, kokubhalisa eyodwa akwanele. Udinga isitoko izitifiketi eziningi:

• Ukuba Ngowenkolo ethile izithelo ezihlukahlukene.
• Uhlobo Umanyolo kafushane lokho ingxube.
• Ilayisensi ngoba ukugcwaliseka strawberry.
• Sivumo GOST amajikijolo ulwazi lomkhiqizo nokulandela yonke namazinga adingekayo.
• isitifiketi Impilo.

Nenzuzo berry ibhizinisi

Ngaphansi lo mqondo kusho nokubuyiselwa zonke izindleko. Lobu buhlobo etholwe phakathi inzuzo etholakale ngokudayiswa umkhiqizo kanye nezindleko. Futhi inzuzo kule bhizinisi incike ukubaluleka zonke izindleko ezivelayo, plus ukuhweba izimpawulo. Uma ukhethe ukuthi uyafuna yini ukuqala ezikhulayo strawberry in zokugcina unyaka wonke, yenza iplani yebhizinisi kuyadingeka, ikhumbula zonke ngokucophelela ngobuhle nangobubi bawo. Kungcono ukuba baphendukele ochwepheshe usizo.

Izindleko kuhlanganisa zonke izindleko: intengo izithombo, umquba, nokukhokhwa amaholo abasebenzi strawberry okunakekela, ukuqasha i izakhiwo nokunye. Dutch izithelo kulinywe ndlela engabizi, ngakho zindleko ziyancipha. Uma ibhizinisi akuyona enkulu ngokwanele, awukwazi ukuqasha abasebenzi ukwenza bebodwa. Ngu kulondolozwa ku abasebenzela inkokhelo futhi konga imali. Ngokwesibonelo, izindleko isilinganiso kilogram of strawberry ngalinye ngonyaka 2012 zaba dollar nengxenye.

Ungakwazi kalula uthole inzuzo enkulu esikhathini lapho sizini kuphela amajikijolo uma usuqedile strawberry ezikhulayo zokugcina unyaka wonke. Izithombe zithunyelwe ku ukunakwa kwakho, uyakhumbula berry okumnandi futhi elimnandi, ikakhulukazi ebusika lapho kunzima ukuthola strawberry. Ngakho-ke, ungafaka intengo olifisayo umkhiqizo, futhi ngezithukuthuku inzuzo.

Ukwenza umsebenzi we-strawberry

Usomabhizinisi esekhulile futhi bavune isivuno esihle amajikijolo, okuhlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo. It ebuza yokuthengisa yayo. Abanye bakwenza ngokumisa ngokwakho kusengaphambili ukuba balungise amaphuzu amaningana ukudayiswa. Kodwa akulona inzuzo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ebusika, cishe amaphesenti angu-strawberry amashumi ayisishiyagalombili zidayiswa ngo ezinkulu. Uma nikwenza umkhuba ukufeza ukutshala strawberry in zokugcina unyaka wonke njengoba ibhizinisi, lelo eside ngaphambi kokuvuna zenziwe ucinge amaklayenti esizayo imikhiqizo yabo.

Khumbula ukuthi izitolo kukhona izidingo eliphezulu kakhulu, okokuqala kunakho konke, ukuba ukubukeka amajikijolo: ke kumelwe ahlanzeke futhi abe khulula amahlamvu amahlumela awo, ukudaya eyodwa-ntathu. Uma ungeke ukwazi uqaphele strawberry ngokusebenzisa esitolo, ungakwazi uyiqashe ngenqwaba izilimi: nabakhiqizi ayo, sezimoto kanye neminye nenze ukudla okusheshayo.

strawberry Ukhula Othandweni izikhwama

Indlela yokutshala strawberry kule abamba ukushisa unyaka wonke emasakeni. Futhi kuniselwa, futhi izibani, futhi ukuthuthwa kwempova kumane kulula lokufeza, usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe Dutch. Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuba uthole futhi kuhlomisa izakhiwo kanye endaweni incike izidingo zakho. Ungasebenzisa emphemeni uma uvumela ndawo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba silondoloze imodi lokushisa: Usuku - degrees amabili nanhlanu ebusuku nesishiyagalombili. Udinga Thenga kakhulu izikhwama zepulasitiki nokubekezela, njengoba into enzima ukutshala strawberry in zokugcina unyaka wonke.

La masaka zakhiwe polyethylene izimbobo longitudinal ngendlela uvalo, ingqikithi uchungechunge amane. Hole Ubude - ngamasentimitha eziyisishiyagalombili, futhi ibanga elibahlukanisile - amabili nane. Kulezi izimbobo Kwenziwa ukutshala sezihlahla abasha strawberry. Amasaka, amasentimitha ububanzi nanhlanu emibili futhi amamitha nengxenye, ezibekwe phezu phansi uqimba olulodwa. Uma mancane futhi ivumela ukuphakama egumbini, kungenzeka eziningi zihlalo tiered. Per imitha square ibekwe 2-3 isikhwama egcwele substrate inhlanganisela Peat futhi Perlite.

Hlwanyela imbewu ngqo izikhwama zinokungaqeqesheki. Kungcono ukuthenga izithombo noma ukukhula ngokwakho. Ngaphambi betshala kufanele uhlale basebusika. Ngenxa yale njongo, isiqandisi noma sela abandayo. Kule ndaba nethemba ejabulisa: emva isivuno sonyaka wokuqala uzoba ngumnikazi izithombo.

zokutshala Ikusasa kudingekile ukunikeza amandla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ukwakha isimiso sokunisela ngenkasa. amashubhu Ifanele droppers imithi, okuyinto yanikezwa isikhwama ngasinye: phansi, phezulu kanye maphakathi at ibanga 55 amasentimitha. Emikhawulweni amashubhu uxhumeke komsele ngokufanele ngaphezu izikhwama, ngamunye edinga ezimbili amalitha amanzi usuku olulodwa.

A indima enkulu ukutshala strawberry iyadonsa. Kumele kushintshwe ukuze eduze ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze zemvelo. Phakathi kwamahora 8-12 ngayinye izibani usuku kumele zifakwe, nesikhathi ukuphumula - ingasebenzi.

Strawberry kule abamba ukushisa. izinzuzo

• The kungenzeka izithelo ezikhulayo unyaka wonke.
• Cha, kuye ngokuthi izimo sezulu. Akusiyo imfihlo ukuthi imvula dampness ukunciphisa ezithela ngamaphesenti angu-25. Berry kule abamba ukushisa ayitsintseki lezi zenzakalo.
• Asikho isidingo olungeziwe ezweni imithombo.
• Izindleko ezihambisana ukutshala amajikijolo, payback e isizini eyodwa nje.
• Strawberry likhule kule abamba ukushisa, kungcono ukuba bamukele ukuqaliswa ezinkulu.
• Isidingo esikhulu amajikijolo ebusika ikuvumela ukuba uthole ehloniphekile.
• Elaliwanakekela kule abamba ukushisa kulula ukudlula in the imibhede evulekile.
• Inkomba inzuzo kungaba eduze amaphesenti ayikhulu.

Okumbi yokukhula strawberry in zokugcina

Uma unquma ukwakha ibhizinisi berry, qiniseka unombuzo, indlela yokutshala strawberry kule abamba ukushisa unyaka wonke ukudayiswa. Ungagijimeli ukuphendula, futhi ungenzi lutho izinqumo ngokuphamazela. Iqiniso lokuthi lapha, njengoba kunoma yiliphi ibhizinisi, zikhona izinkinga.

• Okokuqala sidinga ukuxazulula inkinga bafudumale. Uma ayenzelwe ukuba izimali esinqunyiwe, ungathola ngokushesha bayakhohlwa umqondo yokukhula strawberry unyaka wonke.
• Ukuze ukukhula isiko ngaphansi kwezimo abamba ukushisa lapho besanda kuqala, sidinga imali, futhi eside. Okokuqala sidinga ukwakha abamba ukushisa ne ukukhanyisa yokufakelwa, ngenkasa kanye impova. Ukuze uthenge zonke kunesidingo imishini nokutshala ezibonakalayo.
• Inkinga iwukuthi inakekelwa unomphela izitshalo. Akuwona wonke umuntu engaphansi amandla ngokwakho ukukwenza. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi umbuzo kuyovela ezindlekweni zokuqasha abasebenzi amatoho. Futhi lokhu kuyinto izindleko ezengeziwe. Mhlawumbe othile eshibhile sikhule strawberry endle. Wonke umuntu uyathanda amathuba.

izinhlobo zokugcina

• Facilities nge enamathela ifilimu. greenhouse okunjalo strawberry ezikhulayo kudinga eziphansi. Mhlawumbe yingakho bemangala ayatholakala mfunda-makhwelo balimi. Kodwa lapho kuyinto embi kakhulu: ifilimu ayiwavikeli izitshalo kusuka frost ebusika. Amagesi Abamba Ukushisa Emkhathini akukwazi kahle ukushisa. Ngakho-ke sebenzisa lezi zokugcina kuyingozi kakhulu esimweni sezulu elibuhlungu.
• Glass zokugcina - izakhiwo ngempela okukhulu ukuthi kudingeka isisekelo. Kodwa kungenziwa ukufuthelana, futhi izindonga asobala.

• Polycarbonate zokugcina kungcono ukwakha ibhizinisi sina lenhlangano iminyaka eminingi, ngoba izikhungo ezinjengalezi abe nokuphila isikhathi eside, banamandla futhi ukukhanya, kodwa futhi eqolo.

Indlela yokutshala zokutshala impahla?

Okokuqala udinga ukutshala ukutshala, bese uqale ezikhulayo strawberry in zokugcina unyaka wonke. Ibhizinisi incike izinga lokutshala ezibonakalayo. ukulungiselela Its has ezinye izici. Izithombo likhule bebodwa ngabe ukwehlisa ukuthenga yayo izindleko. Thola isitshalo ukutshala ezihlukahlukene.

Omunye wabo ukusetshenziswa Izitolo abasha, okuyinto ekwindla, ngaphambi ukuqala kubanda, udinga ngokucophelela bambe up kunezimpande emilibeni abasha lesizalo emasimini. Svezhezagotovlennuyu izithombo nge emuva evulekile kwi-sela noma esiqandisini, izinga lokushisa emoyeni 0 kuya + 2 °. Kodwa abanye osomabhizinisi agriculturist abanolwazi bakholwe izindawo ezingenanzuzo-eqadi ipulazi umama. Kubangela umonakalo.

cassette izithombo

Nakubukwa ocebile abalimi isiRashiya, kukho ekahle ukusebenzisa izithombo tape, uma uqala strawberry ezikhulayo zokugcina unyaka wonke. Isivuno uma ukutshala izithombo kwalesi silwane likhulu kakhulu. Yene uhlelo impande ngokushesha imile izimpande futhi ukunikeza ngokugcwele izitshalo amandla ewusizo. Ukuze uthole izithombo tape kudingeka izinyanga mayelana nengxenye.

Ngenxa yalesi izimpondo abasha uhlukane izitshalo umama futhi ibekwe ngehora elilodwa endlini epholile, 0- + 1 degree ngoba indlu. Khona-ke etshalwe nezipakupaku namaseli ngaphambilini ezigcwele inhlabathi ingxube yabo izakhi. Zingakapheli izinsuku 2-3 izimpande zikhule 3-4 amasentimitha, futhi ezinsukwini 10 bakheké ngokuphelele uhlelo impande.

Ngenyanga yokuqala udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi elangeni angawi izithombo. Ngemva kwamasonto amahlanu, izitshalo ezisencane zingafundwa nimkhiphele ilanga. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-cell ligcwele izimpande, futhi singase senze kahle ukufakelwa endaweni unomphela ukukhula. Strawberry ukutshalwa zokugcina unyaka wonke kumele kuqale nge ukusetshenziswa izinhlobo self-impova remontant, ezifana Crown, Kimberly, Florence, Marmolada, Honey, Anannasovaya, Selva, Sakhalin nezinye. Kungenjalo uzoba ngesandla afeze impova imbali ngayinye. Perfect Strawberry Festival Chamomile, Junius Smayds, uma wenza ukutshalwa strawberry in zokugcina unyaka wonke eSiberia. Lezi izinhlobo abamele ejwayelekile lolu hlobo isiko zezimboni eliphezulu ukuhoxa.

Berry ibhizinisi kule abamba ukushisa

Ungaphumelela ukwakha ibhizinisi lakho okhulayo strawberry endlini, ukuba nemali eyanele kule. Ngonyaka ngaphambi kokutshala greenhouse kuyadingeka ukuze ngiqale ukulungiselela okokusebenza zokutshala endle. Inhlabathi kumele kube ene-asidi kancane ukukhetha, loam noma hlangothi. Kufanele kube humus ngokwanele. Okuthathelwa kukho: ukuthatha 1 ehektheleni abamba ukushisa izithombo strawberry, udinga ukubeka ipulazi nekamama ekhanyayo of square metres 150.

Professionals kanye balimi amateur ukwazi izindlela ezimbalwa ngawo ungathola impahla zokutshala. Kodwa abaningi izithombo izithelo izitshalo - yearlings. Bona zidluliselwa ku zokugcina evuthayo ekwindla, ngo-Okthoba noNovemba ngaphansi cm isikimu 20x30. Ngo sezulu esomile, izitshalo ezincane kufanele uyophuziswa.

Ukunakekela strawberry Glasshouse

Lapho izimbali okusheshayo iqala, abamba ukushisa idinga angabiki njalo. Ngakho nomswakama liyancipha futhi izifo isitshalo okuhlobene. Ngaleso sikhathi-ke aphethwe efaka umquba ne-carbon dioxide. Uma kuqedile ngaphambi fruiting kwenzeka futhi kwandisa umkhiqizo.

Strawberry afune izinto ngenkani kwabanye hydration. Kodwa amanzi akufanele iwe ezitshalweni, ukuthambisa Kwenziwa empandeni. Emazweni aseNtshonalanga, inhlabathi ifilimu abamba ukushisa ukufihla abamnyama. It ayikuvumeli amajikijolo mbeni phansi, ukhula ezikhulayo kancane kakhulu, kodwa umhlaba azigcina ukushisa kangcono kunamanye umbala ifilimu.

Esikhathini abamba ukushisa inqubo impova yokufakelwa strawberry. Emasimini encane kwenziwa ngesandla 2-3 izikhathi ngosuku. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa impova okuphindaphindiwe. Uma abamba ukushisa ihlanganisa indawo enkulu, ngesikhathi zezimbali ke wabeka isifuba izinyosi.

Strawberry Bavunwa kusukela maphakathi no-March kuya ngasekupheleni kuka-April lapho izibani, ngaphandle bekha amajikijolo ekupheleni March - maphakathi no-May.