Silinganiso umsebenzi

Ngisho noma okuthile imisebenzi ungomunye izici zako ezisemqoka, futhi ukutadisha umsebenzi we silinganiso ine ingxenye umxhwele Yiqiniso esikoleni mathematics. It kakhulu inquma ukuziphatha umsebenzi futhi kakhulu kusiza ukwakhiwa the schedule ohambelana.

Sichaza umsebenzi silinganiso. Ngokuvamile, umsebenzi we wafunda kubhekwe ngisho noma okuphambene kuya ezimele amagugu variable (x), ekubeni kusizinda yayo, amagugu ohambelana y (imisebenzi) bayalingana.

Sinikeza incazelo azinabo ngaphezulu. Cabangela f umsebenzi (x), okuyinto ichazwa D. Kuyoba ngisho noma nganoma yisiphi x iphuzu, ngokuba kusizinda definition:

• -X (iphuzu okuphambene) kulele godu kusizinda definition,

• f (-X) = f (x).

Kule ncazelo kufanele kube isimo ezidingekile esizindeni umsebenzi onjalo, okungukuthi, lesinesitfombe-sibuko mayelana iphuzu O imvelaphi, sengathi ezinye b iphuzu kuqukethwe kwencazelo ngisho umsebenzi, iphuzu okuhambisanayo - b futhi itholakala kule ndawo. Kulokhu osekushiwo, Ngakho-ke, kusobala isiphetho kuyinto ngisho umsebenzi lesinesitfombe-sibuko maqondana yefomu ahlelembise-eksisi (Oy).

Ngo umkhuba ukucacisa ukubekwa umsebenzi?

Ake sithi ubudlelwane obusebenzayo sinikezwa h ifomula (x) = 11 ^ x + 11 ^ (- x). Ukulandela algorithm, okuyinto kusukela definition kulandela ngqo, sihlola lokuqala zonke esizindeni salo. Ngokusobala, lokhu kubizwa kuwo wonke amanani lwempikiswano, okungukuthi, isimo sokuqala ugcwalisekile.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo we shintsha i-agumenti (x) nencazelo yalo okuphambene (-X).
sithola:
h (-X) = 11 ^ (- x) + 11 ^ x.
Kusukela kwalokho kwanelisa commutative (commutative) umthetho, kusobala, h (-X) = h (x) kanye predetermined kwencika ukusebenza - ngisho.

Ingabe ukuhlola evenness we h umsebenzi (x) = 11 ^ x-11 ^ (- x). Ukulandela algorithm esifanayo, sithola ukuthi h (-X) = 11 ^ (- x) -11 ^ x. Njengoba wakhuthazelela lokususa, ngenxa yalokho, siba
h (-X) = - (11 ^ x-11 ^ (- x)) = - h (x). Ngakho-ke, h (x) - lingalingani.

Phela, kufanele uyakhumbula ukuthi kukhona imisebenzi ezingeke ihlukaniswa ngokweminyaka kulezi zici, bebizwa noma ngisho noma okungekuhle.

imisebenzi Ngisho benezingane eziningi izakhiwo ezithakazelisayo:

• ngenxa kwalokho lezi imisebenzi etholwe ngisho;
• ngenxa ukukhupha imisebenzi efana eyatholakala ngisho;
• umsebenzi ephambene ngisho, njengoba ngisho;
• ngenxa ukubuyabuyelela lezi imisebenzi emibili eyatholakala ngisho;
• ngokuvele azalane imisebenzi okungekuhle ngisho etholwe lingalingani;
• sokuhlukanisa imisebenzi okungekuhle ngisho etholwe lingalingani;
• esuselwe lo msebenzi - lingalingani;
• uma ukwakha umsebenzi lingalingani esigcawini, sithola ngisho.

Silinganiso umsebenzi ingasetshenziswa ukuxazulula zibalo.

Ukuze kuxazululwe le kwesibalo ka g (x) = 0, lapho ohlangothini lwesobunxele kwesibalo limelela ngisho umsebenzi, kuyoba okwanele ukuze uthole isixazululo abakuzuzile variable non-negative. Izimpande okuholela kudingeka uhlanganyele ngezinombolo okuphambene. Omunye wabo ukuze ihlolwe.

Lokhu efanayo impahla umsebenzi isetshenziswa ngokuphumelelayo ukuze uxazulule izinkinga angajwayelekile nge ipharamitha.

Ngokwesibonelo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona ukubaluleka ipharamitha a, okuyiwona kwesibalo 2x ^ 6-x ^ 4-ngembazo ^ 2 = 1 kuyodingeka izimpande ezintathu?

Uma sicabanga ukuthi ingxenye elibanzi ezothando e ngisho amandla, kuyacaca ukuthi esikhundleni x ngu - kwesibalo x inikezwe akashintshi. Lokho kusho ukuthi uma inombolo luyimpande ke unjalo ephambene okufakiwe. Impendulo isobala: izimpande non-zero, afakiwe nase-iqoqo "pair" izixazululo zayo.

Ngokusobala, bodwa inombolo 0 impande ezothando akuyona, isb isibalo izimpande zalesi kwesibalo kungaba ngisho kanye, ngokwemvelo, ngenxa yanoma yisiphi ukubaluleka ipharamitha, ngeke babe izimpande ezintathu.

Kodwa inani izimpande kwesibalo 2 ^ x + 2 ^ (- x) = ngembazo ^ 4 + 2x ^ 2 + 2 kungenzeka lingalingani, futhi yiliphi inani ipharamitha. Ngempela, kulula ukuba uhlole ukuthi iqoqo izimpande zalesi kwesibalo iqukethe izixazululo "ngazimbili". Hlola ukuthi impande 0. Lapho abambele bayifaka equation, sithola 2 = 2. Ngakho, ngaphandle "abhanqiwe" 0 njengoba impande, okuyinto efakazela inombolo yabo aphambene.