Shader - kuyini? Izinhlobo, ngebuhle nebubi

Nge computerization global lenqwaba imigomo kudida beze ezweni lethu. Bhekana konke kubo akulula kangako njengoba kubonakala efika kuqala. Abaningi babo ezinamagama afana, abantu abaningi banesifiso ukusebenza ebanzi. Sekuyisikhathi ukuthola ukuthi yini ezokwenzeka shader, lavelaphi, yini edingekayo futhi kwenzekani.

esivimba

Cishe, wena isidlali okhuthele "Maynkraft" yingakho sebewazi kuyini. Kufanele ngokushesha kuqashelwe ukuthi umqondo welithi "shader" ahlukaniswe ngokuphepha kusuka kulo mdlalo, futhi unga "bukhoma" kuwo ngokuhlukana. Ngendlela efanayo, kanye imfashini. kanzima Ngakho zilandise le miqondo emibili akudingekile.

Ngokuvamile, ongowokuzalwa shader izinhlelo, abonakala njengembudane umsizi ubuciko. Kungenzeka kungaba call elikhulu le ithuluzi esivimba, kodwa ngempela ngcono isithombe imidlalo. Ngakho, lapho uqala ukuyiqonda ukuthi ingabe, siye incazelo yayo eqondile.

ukuhumusha

Uyini shader? Lolu hlelo computer, okuyinto mayunithi ikhadi processor. Lezi zinsimbi zenzelwe ngolimi ekhethekile. Kuye izinhloso kungaba ezahlukene. Khona-ke shaders evamile zihunyushelwe imiyalelo ye-wokugaya ihluzo accelerators.

isicelo

Ngavele kumelwe bathi ukusetshenziswa wonke predetermined uya khona. Uhlelo linamathele ikhadi processor ihluzo, okusho ukuthi asebenza nemingcele lezinto nezithombe a ihluzo ngakuthathu. Abakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi eminingi phakathi kwawo ukusebenza nge reflection, kwalungiswa izinkunga zokubona, dimming, imiphumela phuca, kanjalonjalo.

presupposition

Abantu sezivele impela ngesikhathi kuzanywa ukuthola ukuthi yini ezokwenzeka shader. Ngisho nangaphambi kokuba lezi Onjiniyela software baye benza konke ngesandla. Inqubo ezithwetshuliwe ezinye izinto azizange ezenzakalelayo. Ngaphambi umdlalo zizalwa, onjiniyela ngokuzimela wahlanganyela ukuhumusha. Basebenza nge algorithm, kwabalelwa imisebenzi ehlukene. Ngakho kunemiyalezo for ukwakheka isicelo, visual effects, njll

Yiqiniso, ezinye izinqubo babesayenza linamathele amakhadi emisebenzi. algorithm ezinjalo ingasetshenziswa onjiniyela. Kodwa abazange baphumelele ukuphoqelela algorithm ihluzo yabo ikhadi. imiyalelo Custom angasayindwa yi CPU, okuyinto eye yaba kancane kuka ihluzo.

Ngokwesibonelo

Ukuze siqonde umahluko, kubalulekile ukuba sicabangele ezimbalwa izibonelo. Kusobala ukuthi umdlalo kungaba hardware ukuhumusha kanye ne-software. Ngokwesibonelo, sonke ukukhumbula Ukuzamazama abadumile 2. Ngakho, amanzi kule mdlalo kungaba isihlungi okwesibhakabhaka, uma kuyindodana, ukuhumusha hardware. Kodwa lapho isofthiwe ukuphazamiseka kwafika splash yamanzi. indzaba lefanako nge ukushaya iziqhumane CS 1.6. Hardware ukuhumusha wanikela ngeNdodana flash ezimhlophe, futhi ngokohlelo engeza screen Pixelated.

ukufinyelela

Ngakho-ke kwaba sobala ukuthi kubalulekile ukuba baxazulule izinkinga ezinjalo. Ihluzo accelerators waqala ukwandisa isibalo algorithm ukuthi bebelokhu ethandwa phakathi onjiniyela. Kwacaca ukuthi bonke "izinto" akunakwenzeka. Kwakudingekile ukunikeza ukufinyelela ihluzo ochwepheshe.

Ngaphambi kwakukhona imidlalo efana "Maynkraft" nge izindlela futhi shaders, onjiniyela banikwa ithuba ukusebenza amayunithi GPU iphayiphi ukuthi kungaba obhekene imiyalelo ehlukene. Njengoba uhlelo waziwa nge igama "shader". Ukwakha kwabo, ngokukhethekile athuthukile uHlelo izilimi. Ngakho, ividiyo babe sebeqala ukulayisha hhayi kuphela standard "geometry", kodwa futhi iziyalezo for the processor.

Lapho ukufinyelela onjalo kwakuyiNkosi kungenzeka, ngaqala ukuvula amathuba amasha izinhlelo. Ochwepheshe ongaxazulula izibalo izinkinga ku-GPU. izibalo ezinjengalezi nabizelwa GPGPU. Ukuze le nqubo kwakudingeka amathuluzi akhethekile. Kusukela inkampani NVIDIA CUDA, kusuka ku-Microsoft DirectCompute, kanye nohlaka OpenCL.

izinhlobo

Abantu abengeziwe befunda lokho shaders, kulapho lwembula ulwazi ngawo kanye nematfuba abo. Ekuqaleni waba accelerators emithathu processor. Ngamunye unomthwalo wemfanelo wokuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlobo shader. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, benza kwathathelwa indawo jikelele. Ngamunye has imiyalelo ethile eziyinkimbinkimbi okuyinto ngokushesha kwadingeka ezintathu izinhlobo shaders. Naphezu ukuhlanganiswa komsebenzi, incazelo kohlobo ngalunye kwaze kwaba manje.

Vertex uhlobo ukusebenza izibalo eziqongweni ukuthi Ziningi ubuso. Lapha lingasho okuningi amathuluzi. Ngokwesibonelo, kumayelana ukuthungwa izixhumanisi, zithwala, tangent, noma binormals evamile.

uhlobo e-Jomethri yokusebenza nje nomunye vertex, kodwa ziphathiswe lasekuqaleni. -Pixel lwenzelwe ukucutshungulwa izingcezu imifanekiso raster, futhi ngokuvamile nge ukwakheka.

Esikhathini imidlalo

Uma ufuna shaders "Maynkraft 1.5.2" ke mhlawumbe nje bafuna ukuthuthukisa umfanekiso umdlalo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izinhlelo bebelokhu "umlilo, amanzi nethusi amapayipi." Shaders sivivinywa futhi yalungisa leminye. Ngenxa yalokho, kwaba sobala ukuthi leli thuluzi has ngebuhle nebubi.

Yiqiniso, adambise kulungiselelwa ezihlukahlukene algorithm - it is a plus elikhulu. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kanye yokuncishiswa ebalulekile enqubeni yentuthuko umdlalo, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukwehla kwezindleko. I kwaphumela izigcawu virtual eziya ziba nzima futhi ubhekane namaqiniso. Futhi, inqubo ukuthuthukiswa kuba ngokushesha okungaka.

Ububi kuphela ukuthi which is dingeka ukufunda ulimi lokwakha izinhlelo, kanye acabangele ukuthi onobuhle ezahlukene amakhadi ibekwe ahlukene algorithm.

ukufakwa

Uma uthola iphakethe shader ngoba "Maynkrafta", kumelwe siqonde ukuthi zikhona izingibe eziningi yokuqondisa it up. Naphezu ukuthandwa lantambama kakade lo mdlalo kwakuseneziyaluyalu abalandeli bakhe abazinikele. Akuwona wonke umuntu uthanda uhlelo, ikakhulukazi 2017. Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi bazokwazi ukuthuthukisa ngokusebenzisa shaders. Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi lokhu kuyinto isitatimende esilungile. Kodwa ngo-uma uprakthiza, izoshintsha kancane.

Kodwa uma usaqhubeka ibheka izindlela kanjani ukusetha shaders ukuba "Maynkraft 1.7", okokuqala kunakho konke, qaphela. Inqubo ayikanye lutho nzima. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kanye nanoma yimaphi amafayela thwebula kunemiyalezo for usifake. Into esemqoka ukuthi ubheke version of the game futhi shader. Kungenjalo, esivimba ngeke zisebenze.

Kuyi-Internet, eziningi izindawo lapho ungalanda bese ufake leli thuluzi. Khona-ke udinga unzip ifayela kunoma ifolda. Lapho, uzothola uhlu ifayela «GLSL-Shaders-mod-1.7-Installer.jar». Ngemuva kokuqala uzoboniswa indlela umdlalo, uma ilungile, Ngivumelana zonke iziqondiso okwalandela.

Uma ufuna ukuhambisa ifolda «shaderpacks» e «.minecraft». Manje uma ugijima isiqalisi kuyodingeka ukuya izilungiselelo. Lapha, uma ukufakwa wayeqinisile, kuyoba «Shaders» umugqa. Kusukela lonke uhlu ungakhetha iphakethe oyifunayo.

Uma udinga shaders for Minecraft 1.7.10, bese kuba ngu-thola sheyderpak okufushane ilungile futhi benza okufanayo. I-Internet kungenzeka izinguqulo engazinzile. Ngezinye izikhathi kufanele ukuzishintsha, futhi bheka faka efanelekayo. Kungcono ukubheka Izibuyekezo bese ukhetha ethandwa kakhulu.