Robert Bloch: Biography, lokusungula, amaqiniso athakazelisayo zokuphila

Robert Bloch - umbhali waseMelika odumile, ngubani owasebenza ngayo ekhulwini lokuthoma XX. Wabhala izincwadi e izinhlobo eshaqisayo, ukucabanga kanye yesayensi. Le noveli edume kunazo umlobi - "sengqondo," okuyinto yathathwa Hitchcock 1960 futhi yabizwa ngokuthi "Psycho" e Russian ibhokisi ehhovisi. On the nokuphila kanye nomsebenzi umsunguli Norman Bates sizoxoxa ngani kulesi sihloko.

Robert Bloch: Biography

Bloch yazalwa ngo-April 5, 1917, eChicago. Futhi ingane umxhwele imisebenzi G. F. Lavkrafta. Kwaphela isikhathi esithile ngisho Ngaxoxa nge Thixo wakhe. Singasho ukuthi incwadi amakhosi eshaqisayo, funda kancane, uRobert ziye zathinta wonke umsebenzi umbhali esizayo.

Indaba yokuqala Bloch yakhishwa ngo-1934 kumagazini i-Marvel Tales. Umkhiqizo wabizwa ngokuthi Iminduze, okuyinto uhumusha njengoba "Iminduze." Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuze kube 1945 umbhali eyanyatheliswa ngo omagazini ehlukahlukene phezu izindaba engamakhulu uhlobo of fantasy horror. Eziningi zalezi imisebenzi zalotshelwa ngokubambisana G. Kuttner, umlobi yesayensi, futhi eshicilelwe ngaphansi komthetho mbumbulu Tarleton Fiske. Ngalesi sikhathi Bloch kwakuvele kwaziwa emibuthanweni ethile etemibhalo.

1945 I-Bloch, singasho mlando. Ngaleso sikhathi, wamenywa njengoba umlobi ethandwa radio show Hlala Kulungiswe ngoba Terror. Ekugcineni, kwacaca ukuthi 39 iziqephu, ayesekelwe izindaba kombhali kanye lavuselelwa omkhulu phakathi izilaleli. Ngesikhathi esifanayo indlu ukushicilela Arkham House eshicilelwe iqoqo elikhulu izindaba lwembhali.

Eyokuqala ifilimu lithathelwe, nemisebenzi uhlobo yesayensi

Robert Bloch - umbhali, okuyinto ngokufanelekile njengezidalwa ezingaphezu kwabantu umsunguli zakudala horror ifilimu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphandle umsebenzi wakhe angeke nje osezingqondweni zethu, futhi uStephen King. Nokho, Bloch akuwenzanga futhi izinhlobo ezesayensi kanye fantasy. Ngakho, ngo-1962 wanyathelisa iqoqo izihloko lakhe fanzines, okuyinto iye ngokukhethekile okulungiselelwe emhlanganweni ngokuthi Umhlaba Science Fiction, eyaqala ngonyaka ofanayo. Emhlanganweni esifanayo, Bloch zethula isipho ku "isikhala kwangaphakathi", okwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ezinyathelisiwe.

Ngo-1959 wanyathelisa incwadi, okuyinto kuye kwaletha impumelelo okuningi kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili umbhali - ". Psycho" Ngemva kwalokho, isikhathi esiningi enikelwe Hollywood Robert Bloch. umsebenzi lalobhalako, singasho ngalesi sikhathi okwesikhashana - aseqalile ngokudubula ifilimu. It idlulisela kumbhali isikhathi esithile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, impumelelo ifilimu liye landa futhi inani abalandeli Bloch.

Ngemva kuka-1960, incwadi asebenzayo amaqoqo ezihlukahlukene izindaba umlobi. Yiqiniso, akukho umlando lapho ukhetha imikhiqizo ngokunyathelisa Bloch ayizange banamathela, ngakho Ngibambeni efanayo ingatholakala izindaba pre-impi nemisebenzi zalotshwa ngemva kwezenzakalo '50s.

Imisebenzi ehlobene-sci-fi, Bloch wabhala kangako. Abaningi babo zifakwe ukuqoqwa 1962 Atoms Nokubi. Noma kunjalo obugagu behlakaniphile kuhlangene amahlaya elibuhlungu kwenza umbono Amazing phezu umfundi.

ukuphila Siqu

Ngokokuqala ngqá Robert Bloch washada nentombi ngegama Marion, ukuze ugweme singayiswa empini. Ngo-1943, besanda kushada, babenesifiso indodakazi, uSally. Ngenxa yokuthi Marion kwatholakala ukuthi nginesifo sofuba amathambo, lo mbhangqwana kwadingeka uthuthele ngo-1953 intombazane edorobheni lekhabo Weyauwega, Wisconsin. Lapha asheshe athole ukusekelwa yizihlobo nabangane abaseduze. Ngemva ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside Marion wakwazi ukunqoba lesi sifo. Noma kunjalo, lo mbhangqwana waphula ngo-1963. Ngemva kwesehlukaniso, indodakazi waphila noyise.

Ngemva konyaka kwesehlukaniso, ngo-1964, umlobi wahlangana Eleanor Alexander, esasisanda abangabafelwa nabafelokazi. Babulala i romance okusheshayo nesinamawala, okwaphela ngo-October 16 kwalowo nyaka, lomshado. Honeymoon ambalwa wachitha eTahiti. Futhi lapho esephindele ngo-1965, banquma ukuthuthela e-London. Lo mshado wayejabule kakhulu umbhali. URobert Eleanor waphila ngokuvumelana kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe.

umlandvomufi

Robert Bloch ngo-August 1994 isenzo ukuthi washaqeka eziningi abalandeli bakhe - wanyathelisa umlandvomufi wakhe. Kamuva lesi senzo yayibizwa ngokuthi i-ihlaya of eyachitha konke ukuphila kwayo ebhala kuphela ngokufa. Nokho, ncamashi inyanga eyodwa ngemuva kokushicilelwa umbhali wabulawa umdlavuza ngo-Los Angeles.

Bloch ukuthi ukushiswa kwesidumbu somuntu, futhi umlotha walo bangcwatshwa "Hall of the Dead" ngesikhathi Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery (Los Angeles). Kamuva, ngo-2012, lapho, wangcwatshwa, umkakhe Eleanor.

udumisa

Yena yanikezelwa imiklomelo etemibhalo eziningi Robert Bloch. Imisebenzi engcono yomlobi, phakathi okuyizinto ikakhulukazi tindzaba letimfisha, incwadi wathola imiklomelo ezifana:

• "UHugo" - 1959, 1984.
• "Forry" - 1974;.
• Umhlaba Fantasy Award - 1975, 1978;.
• "Balrog" - 1980, 1982;.
• British premium fantasy - 1983 g.
• Bam Stoker Award - 1987, 1989

Futhi lokhu akuyona yonke imivuzo atholakale ngesikhathi impilo Bloch.

"Sengqondo" umjikelezo

Imisebenzi kulolu chungechunge - edume kunazo, wabhala Robert Bloch. Amabhuku ahamba phambili umbhali - lawa, ngakho athi abayithandayo eziningi umlobi. Ngezinye izikhathi zibizwa ngokuthi, namaqoqo eziningana tindzaba letimfisha. Kodwa ake sixoxe incwadi, Bloch baletha udumo ngamazwe.

Vele umjikelezo siqukethe izincwadi ezintathu: ". Psycho House" "sengqondo", "Psycho 2" futhi Basuke bonke bahlanganiswe omunye iqhawe - Norman Bates. Lena impohlo oseqinile abakuphila kwabo subordinated eziphambene nezifiso zalowo umama izingqongqo. Ngokubambisana ubambe motel elincane kude emgwaqweni.

Ezingxenyeni ezingaphakathi ezimbili zokuqala indima esemqoka kunikezwa Norman, isenzo lwesithathu senzeka eminyakeni 10 ngemva kokufa kwakhe, lapho i engumthengisi umakhelwane psycho enquma ukuhlela izinkambo waqondisa ukuphila futhi amacala Bates.

Nokho, baqhubeka kuhlulekile nje negama ingxenye yokuqala umjikelezo, nabo bahlale ethandwa kuze kube yilolu suku.

Robert Bloch: Managing

Kukhona theory owawuthi umlingiswa oyinhloko webhayisikobho noveli "Psycho" Norman Beyts has a sibonelo. Them Ed Gein - singasho, mbulali edume kakhulu emlandweni-United States. Lowo okonile waboshwa iminyaka emibili ngaphambi kokuthi le noveli, ngo-1957, mayelana necala lokubulawa kowesifazane. Njengoba kuseshwa, amaphoyisa akwazi ukuthola endlini yakhe ifenisha, izingubo, Cutlery wenza ezingxenyeni imizimba yabantu. Psychiatrists wasikisela ukuba Gagne wazama ukwakha abesifazane isudi. Njengoba sebezinikele kule ke, angashintsha ku unina abafileyo abangane ichazwe njengowesifazane zokuziphatha samaPuritan ukuthi ivame ukuba sihlale njalo siqaphele indodana yakhe.

Bloch lendlu wawuyizingalo budebuduze nasekhaya Gein. Umlobi kwakunguJohane ujwayelene udaba lwakhe, kodwa engazi ukuthi imininingwane. Noma kunjalo, lapho le noveli seliphelile, umbhali yena wamangala kakhulu ukuthi Norman Beyts wazibonakalisa efana Heine e izisusa nezenzo zabo.

Sishilo kakade ubungane ezithile phakathi HP Lovecraft futhi Bloch Nokho, izincwadi okulula amakhono abo akugcini. Ngo-1935, Lovecraft wabhala incwadi, elaba-prototype hero Bloch. Indaba wabizwa ngokuthi "uzahlala emnyameni." Bloch wayengekho shí ezikweletini, futhi ngokushesha likhiphe indaba "Star Tramp," okuyinto yalotshwa "Cthulhu Mythos" nesitayela.

Ngakho, Bloch kwaba umbhali kuhle ethandwa kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, umsebenzi wabo wathwebula 15 amabhayisikobho.