Peter III Palace, futhi esigodlweni, epaki Ensemble "Oranienbaum", umakhi Antonio Rinaldi

Lesi sigodlo futhi epaki Ensemble of Oranienbaum, etholakala ogwini eGulf of Finland, itholakala emzini Lomonosov, okuyinto amakhilomitha 40 entshonalanga capital yethu enyakatho Petersburg. Ngaphambili, wabizwa ngokuthi Oranienbaum.

zesigodlo

Ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18 futhi umngane ozithandayo kaPetru mina Alexander Danilovich Menshikov wamiswa Governor sifundazwe Ingermanland. Kulesi senzakalo, wathi wayenikele ezweni ogwini eGulf of Finland. Futhi endaweni ekhethiwe komhlaba, okuphambene Kotlin Island, Grand Palace kanye nensimu lakhiwa.

Lesi sakhiwo sinamagumbi izingxenye ezine:

1. Grand Palace Menshikov.

2. Palace Peterstadt.

3. esigodlweni Chinese.

4. esishelelayo Hill.

Umuzi lapho kunesigodlo soMbusi uPetru III, Lomonosov, ngaphambili wazala igama Oranienbaum (okusho "orange esihlahleni"). Namuhla ungabona elingenamikhono izingalo komuzi.

Big Menshikov Palace

Emaphakathi ngobukhulu esigodlweni lakhiwa iminyaka 1710-1727 e isitayela "baraque kaPetru", eyisibonelo bemibuso. Indawo lwesigodlo onqenqemeni egqumeni futhi epaki eziyinkimbinkimbi ehlukanisa izingxenye ezimbili: Lower Park kanye Upper Gardens.

I Ingcenye ephakathi yesigaba esigodlweni has sesibili. main olungaphambili lwesonto ubude 210 amamitha. Kuzo zombili izinhlangothi adjoin le eside olulodwa storey igalari. Sinenkosi ukuma i arc futhi ekupheleni emadokodweni: Japan kanye neBandla. Lezi, esikhundleni salokho, unamathisele amaphiko amabili. Ngakho, kusakhiwo jikelele lwesigodlo ungathi incwadi "P".

Lesi sigodlo lakhiwa wezakhiwo F. ngemuva, futhi kamuva salandelwa I. G. Shedel (1713). The elingaphakathi I elingaphakathi zikanokusho. Ngemva ihlazo Menshikov kaningi washintsha.

IsiShayina Palace

Kutholwe ekujuleni Lower Park. Lesi sigodlo sasibhekwa lakhiwa wezakhiwo Antonio Rinaldi, ngemiyalo yezikhulu uCatherine II. Ngenxa ingaphakathi isitayela kwamaShayina, wathatha waziwa ngokuthi Chinese. Kuze kube manje, uye wahlala kwelinye lamakamelo lwesigodlo. It ehhovisi Steklyarusny. Izindonga ahlotshiswe panel of glass ubuhlalu futhi emidwebweni efekethisiwe. Isigodlo Chinese - into, onguyena kuphela osaphila nge Interiors eyiqiniso kwekhulu le-18.

Esishelelayo Hill inkundla

Multistage isakhiwo ubude 33 metres, etholakala engxenyeni esentshonalanga Upper Park. Ifaka round ihholo elikhulu, ehlotshiswe stucco, gilding nokudweba.

Nasi iKhabhinethi kahle aziwayo futhi zobumba okuyinto idume Saxon yayo ngemihlobiso. Kuze kube yimanje, esishelelayo Hill usebenza njengoba Museum.

Peterstadt Palace (Dvorets Petra iii)

Lesi sigodlo sasibhekwa eyakhelwe ngemiyalo yezikhulu Elizabethe umbusi esizayo, owayeneminyaka umshana wakhe. Kwakumelwe Grand Duke uPetru Fedorovich. Tsar uPetru iii, futhi okuyiwona owakha lo "inqaba ezihlekisayo" esikhathini esizayo uzokwenza izinguquko eziningi e-Ensemble lwesigodlo. Peterstadt kwakufanele abe uhlobo ithoyizi, "Fort" ngokuba nguye okwakufanele abe inkosi.

Ukulandela ekuthatheni ifa ngesikhathi Menshikov, kwaba ngilambatha kuPetru Fedorovich. Ngokwakhe isigodlo kanye epaki eziyinkimbinkimbi usebhekene izinguquko eziningi. Iningi okuyinto kwenziwa ngaphansi kokuqondisa kweNdikimba wezakhiwo Antonio Rinaldi. Nguye owadala Palace yephrojekthi, ngokusho imibhalo ubizwa nangokuthi "indlu itshe". Amancane ngosayizi isakhiwo qinisekisa akhe "ezihlekisayo" aphoyintimenti. Empeleni ubelokhu omunye emadokodweni epaki.

Ukwakhiwa ezifana izakhiwo njengoba Dvorets Petra iii, libhekisela 1759-62 iminyaka. Kuye kwenziwa kuyo Rococo isitayela. Njengoba injalo manje ezinye iqhinga yezakhiwo. liphethe kuleyo lapho jikelele ukuma cubic, omunye ekhoneni usike kancane kude, sisivumele ahlole izinhlangothi ezintathu kanyekanye. Lokhu kunikeza isakhiwo a nokuqina ezithile, naphezu lingakanani encane.

Zonke izikhala ingaphakathi zitholakala azungezwe lwesigodlo. Esitezi sokuqala kwakuhlezi ikakhulukazi emahhovisi. Eyesibili phansi lalinabashumayeli amakamelo ayisithupha. Ayeyisizwe umhlobiso ejwayelekile maphakathi nekhulu le-18 leminyaka. Ihholo elikhulu we -kartinny esigodlweni. Anakho esiyingqayizivele sekugcineni lacquer imidwebo. umbhali wazo wawudlula umninindlu inqaba Fedor vlasov. Le midwebo atholakala panel odongeni, nemithambeka amafasitela, iminyango. Bonke zenziwa ngesitayela Chinese.

Ukuze Italian Antonio Rinaldi iii Isigodlo UPetru waba iphrojekthi lokuqala ozimele eRussia. Decor amakamelo eziningi esigodlweni Futhi enziwa ngomklamo wakhe. Ngokwesibonelo, stucco ophahleni, kanye edumile "imbali Rinaldi."

Phakathi ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe ezakhiweni esigodlweni zigcinwe amagugu ezingakenziwa kusukela ziyakhishwa. Kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-1953 lapho itholakala embukisweni yobuciko Chinese. Esikhathini 60s, kancane kancane lokubuyiselwa imidwebo shpatlernyh kwekhulu le-18 ukuthi yayikade elahlekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho sivulwa emnyuziyamu ukuthi inegama "Dvorets Petra iii».

Honorary kwesango

Lena lesikhumbuzo eliyingqayizivele lokwakha, elingelakwaJuda amafomu ezincane. Esikhathini esidlule, base esangweni main enqabeni uPetru ezihlekisayo. Ngemva kwesikhashana, kodwa yabuye yakhiwa kabusha e Peterstadt, ezinkudlwana Ubukhulu bayo. Amasango ukunikeza umnyango encane umbukiso phansi ukuma pentagonal. Lokho-ke aphethwe umzimba amabutho kaPetru III.

Tower ukuma octagonal, nomzimba omncane spike okusezingeni eliphezulu uphela. On the embhoshongweni has a vane sezulu, okuyinto akhishwe eyakhelwe - kuba 1757. Ngo igobela esangweni zafakwa sawela Amabha kokuzihlanganisa. Kuze kube manje, akukho muntu ngaphansi lwaleli ungahamba ngokuphepha. Umbhali umgomo futhi Antonio Rinaldi.

Peter epaki

Ukuhlela ukwakheka Antonio Rinaldi wahileleka kakhulu ukubhidlika kwepaki endaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi. It yadalwa isimiso izingadi e-Italy, ne Lamberti wizadi. Khona-ke abe ithala, asibekela imithombo, izitebhisi, kanye emadokodweni eziningana ezincane: indlu Chinese, Arbor Solovyov, Menazheriya nge umthombo. Afakwe jikelele ukwakheka kanye njalo izingxenye: izihlahla okuqoqiwe kahle nezihlahla, utshani ezihlukahlukene endaweni weJiyomethri.

Lesi sigodlo futhi epaki Ensemble of Oranienbaum ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 kungukuthi agcinwayo ukuhleleka wokuqala kwepaki. Kuze kube manje, ukwakheka siqiwu washayelwa Karosta emfuleni, okuyinto eyaba ngu amabhuloho ezintathu namachibi amabili (Upper futhi Lower). I enkulu zonke yilezo kathathu lwaleli ibhuloho Petrovsky. Futhi ngosizo egwadle slabs wahlela asibekela ohlelweni emfuleni.

Kuvele Eqinisweni ezithakazelisayo wukuthi esikhundleni Peterdshtata, kanye kukhona kunenye inqaba ezihlekisayo. Lalibizwa ngokuthi behlonipha uCatherine Omkhulu esebizwa ngokuthi "eYekaterinburg". Namuhla noma ubani okwaziyo ungavakashela Dvorets Petra iii Oranienbaum, zibabaza ubuhle endaweni epaki futhi ukubona umhlobiso Maphakathi nekhulu le-18 leminyaka.