Onkulunkulu eRoma - isikhumbuzo of isiko lasendulo

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, Rome iyona isikhungo sobuKristu, bheka kwakungeyena futhi kuze kube yilolu suku Isigodlo uPapa. Inhlokodolobha Italian inomlando omude futhi ezithakazelisayo, yembula izimfihlo esidlule futhi lokuphinda imidwebo izinsuku isiza ukugcina izinto. Ezithakazelisa kakhulu babo kuthiwa wenziwa neColosseum, Izinyathelo Spanish, Basilica of St. sikaPetru, iVatican, iSonto LamaRoma Forum, onkulunkulu futhi waseTrevi. Ngamunye wabo ngeke baxoxe ngezinkinga zabo, futhi kuzo sizokwazi ukwenza isithombe mazombe seragelo ukuphila Roman, kusukela endulo kuze kube namuhla.

Onkulunkulu eRoma - a isikhumbuzo bokwakha lokusinda kusukela endulo. Yakhiwa ngemiyalo yezikhulu Marcus Agripha, inxusa lamaRoma, e 27 - 25 iminyaka. BC Futhi, ukuze kwakhiwe onkulunkulu, inxusa anikezwe nokulingana. "Ithempeli kwabo bonke onkulunkulu" - ukuthi lihunyushwe kwelesiHeberu elithi lasendulo ngesiGreki igama onkulunkulu. Ngaleso sikhathi eRoma kwaba yisiphephelo kwabezizwe. Okuwukuphela kwesizathu esenza amaRoma asendulo ayekhulekela onkulunkulu ezinkulu eziyisikhombisa ahlala ukumelwa kwabo esibhakabhakeni. Kuyinto behlonipha lab 'onkulunkulu futhi kokwakhiwa kwethempeli, elakhiwa ngaphakathi niche statues yabo.

Onkulunkulu eRoma, njengoba injalo yasekuqaleni wema isikhathi eside, kakade 80 BC ke kubhujiswe ngomlilo. Lesi sakhiwo ibuyiselwe 118 kuphela - iminyaka engu-125. Endulo, namaRoma ayekhulekela onkulunkulu Roman, babemesaba intukuthelo yabo, ngakho cajoled ngezindlela eziningi. Nokuphakamisa emifanekisweni, amathempeli, imihlatshelo kule nkathi kwaba yinto evamile. Ngakho-ke onkulunkulu ekuqaleni esasisetshenziselwa njengoba Lobuqaba ethempelini. Phakathi wema i-altare lapho ngamaholide babulawa futhi zishiswe izilwane.

Esikhathini Maphakathi nekhulu IV ubuKristu wave ezimboziwe eRoma. Onkulunkulu ngaleso sikhathi yasala dengwane, futhi ekuqaleni VII ngekhulu, wethulwa UPapa Boniface IV uMbusi waseByzantium. Khona-ke ibandla ngayingcwelisa futhi iguqulwe ibe esontweni lamaKatolika, wathola igama yeSonto Our Lady futhi bonke abafel 'ukholo. Ngo XIV - XVI eminyaka, onkulunkulu kwadingeka ukuba ophindukuzalwa njengoba izinqaba.

Onkulunkulu eRoma, beqashelwa esikhethekile phakathi Renaissance. Izingcweti eziningi futhi abaklami zibabaza design yalo yayenziwe. Ukubuyiselwa ababaziwa matasa yena Rafael, lena luhlobo waba mkhulu futhi waba indawo yakhe yokugcina yokuphumula, e 1520 master wangcwatshwa lapha. Ngemva kwalokho, ithempeli usezuze isimo Mausoleum kanye ethuneni, ke wangcwatshwa izibalo abaningi abadumile kwezombangazwe namasiko. Lapha ukuphumula yamakhosi okuqala amabili Italy united, umculi Annibal Carracci, umqambi Arkanzhelo Korelli wezakhiwo Baldassarre Peruzzi nabanye abaningi.

Kakade ekuqaleni kwekhulu XVII, onkulunkulu futhi eRoma ewa umusa uPapa, futhi wachithwa. Ezinye izingxenye zalo yawa, okwabangela negagasi umbhikisho phakathi amaNtaliyane. Kuze kube manje, iningi umhlobiso ingaphakathi iyagcinwa, nakuba lokhu lesikhumbuzo bokwakha ka Antiquity isikhathi futhi wazibonela izinguquko eziningi nasekubhujisweni. Lesi sakhiwo uyakwazi ukuthwala abantu amashumi amabini anamabini has a umsindo ephelele. Lena cishe lesikhumbuzo kuphela basendulo liyalondolozwa kuze kube namuhla ngendlela emangalisayo.