Ngubani oilman? Umsebenzi "oilman": incazelo, izici kanye nokufunda amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Esinye Classic omkhulu Fyodor Dostoyevsky wanikeza ibinzana ayisiprofetho: "Esikhathini esizayo, izwe siyobuswa kaphalafini". Njengazo zonke ezinkulu, wayeqinisile. Izwe nge ucishe ehloniphekile izinqolobane kawoyela negesi, bangase babe nomuzwa kakhulu nokuzethemba okwengeziwe imidlalo zezombusazwe. Oilman - lo msebenzi "kaphalafini." Ngubani oye ilungelo ubizwe ngakho? Yiziphi izinzuzo kanye nezici mkhakha ezweni lanamuhla? Ake sizame ukuthola.

Ngubani oilman?

Hlobo luni ukuhweba - the oilman? Incazelo yomsebenzi nge umuntu owenza lokhu bekungeke kube monosyllabic. Ngaphansi kwaleli gama iwe zonke ubani nganoma iyiphi indlela ehambisana ne-kwehlwaywe, ukukhiqizwa, yokucwenga, zokuthutha uwoyela negesi. Ngesikhathi yokugcina ukuyeka ngokwehlukile.

Igesi yemvelo - umkhiqizo maintainer oilfields. Ngakho ngokuvamile basuke kuhlanganiswe zibe munye. Institute uwoyela negesi, uwoyela negesi, uwoyela negesi, nokunye. D.

Ngesisekelo amafilimu ubudala mayelana nokuphila kwansuku zonke abakhiqizi laseSiberia uwoyela engimbumbile umfanekiso amadoda nokhahlo engaqaliwe, owenziwa lukhuni ngokukhohlisa imimoya futhi ofakwe ukugeleza uwoyela. Lokhu akunembile. Kuyinto kuqala ledzingekako zonke ukwazi labo nje ukuqala ukukhetha zokuphila - izingane. umsebenzi Oilman uzibophezele onjiniyela, bamakhemikhali, izazi zezinto eziphilayo, drillers, program, osomnotho. Konke kuncike isiqondiso umsebenzi embonini kawoyela.

Umlando mkhakha

Mayelana emasimini uwoyela ezweni abantu sasazi kudala, kodwa akazange ukuzisebenzisa. Kwakuvamile ukuba phakathi yokwemba, abavubukuli bathola ezinye izinto futhi izakhiwo, ezisetshenziswa ukuqinisa ibitume uwoyela siyelapheka. Black liquid obukhulu, okwakwenza isendleleni emhlabathini, futhi ngezinye izikhathi exutshwe namanzi emfuleni, bogey ukungaqiniseki yayo. Abanye abantu amafutha iye esetshenziselwa ukwenza umuthi. Njengoba uwoyela ezivuthayo impahla waqala ukuba osanda, nge ekuqaleni intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe. Ke kwabakho umbuzo isizinda amaminerali avela emhlabeni.

Ngokusho umlando, Borehole wokuqala emhlabeni ekukhiqizeni commercial lamiswa ngo Pennsylvania. Its Edvin Dreyk yamba, i prospector engaziwa oyedwa. Mhlawumbe kwakunjalo oilman kuqala. Umsebenzi kwakungathandeki ngakho ezinsukwini ubudala, akekho kubona owayazi usayizi reserves lokhu yezimbiwa kweqiniso.

Igama lokuqala uwoyela nanjengomhlanzi abacwaningi bakholelwa Chumelovyh izelamani e 1745 kwi lomfula Ukhta eyakhelwe isitshalo ukwenziwa kaphalafini futhi amafutha lubricating.

wemboni ethembisa

Ukusetshenziswa yangaphakathi omlilo izinjini, ukuthuthukiswa imishini, imboni zezindiza okuye kwafezwa ne ukutholakala imali entsha futhi entsha uwoyela. sikawoyela Enkulukazi uvumele ukuthuthukisa amapulasitiki umkhakha, olwakhiwa ngemva kokusungulwa zokwenziwa izinto. Oil - yesibili ngemva kwamanzi uketshezi kubalulekile namuhla. Leli qiniso ubeka bonke amakhono ezihlobene ukudoba oil-producing kwamanye likufuna emhlabeni wonke kakhulu. Oilman - mkhakha akuyona kuphela niyadunyiswa, kepha futhi eholela kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uwoyela negesi Ochwepheshe bayindlala yonke indawo, baye eziningi izinzuzo futhi impesheni ezinhle.

Petroleum sokuma

It is lokhu lunye ngokuyinhloko ayicabangayo uma kuziwa zikawoyela ukuba.

Umsebenzi petroleum sokuma kubhekisela esenzakalweni esiyisimangaliso luyingxenye wesilisa, ehambisana nohambo njalo, yebhizinisi. It kudinga ukukhuthazela, ikhono unqobe nezimo ezicindezelayo, ngezinye izikhathi enze ngaphandle ekhaya ukunethezeka, ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi emvelweni. Petroleum sokuma ehilelekile ukucwaninga kwesayensi, izifundo, lokuhlela kanye search izinhlelo. Ngemva kokuqala izinsiza zokukhiqiza, wabuye yengamela inqubo.

Indawo yomsebenzi Petroleum Izazi zokuma komhlaba izinkampani esikhiqiza uwoyela negesi, zocwaningo futhi izikhungo.

Ukuze yelucwaningo futhi zihlanganisa okukhethekile Geophysics ohlola, zokuzamazama komhlaba. Zenza umsebenzi omkhulu ukuhlola edlulela emasimini amasha. Ukusebenza emakilasini kanye namahhovisi, geochemists ukuhlola amasampula idwala. Chemistry umsebenzi oilman unendima enkulu kakhulu.

Futhi amafutha

Yize sokuma futhi edlala indima ebalulekile embonini yezimayini, uwoyela umkhakha isisebenzi - ubuthishela hhayi kuphela ukukhalipha. Kusukela yentuthuko akunakwenzeka ngaphandle Drilling abasebenzi ekhethekile. It drillers, izisebenzi, izingcweti abasizi. Yilokho ngazo nje ukwenza emafilimini nenkathi yamaSoviet. drillers Umsebenzi ngokuvamile indlela iwashi.

Endaweni ngayinye, okuyinto kungokoqobo ukuthuthukiswa ensimini, ngaphezu ochwepheshe ezinkulu, abantu bazibandakanye ukuzibonakalisa ahlobene, nakho kufanele ngokuthi ukubonakaliswa embonini kawoyela. Phela, ngaphandle kwabo umsebenzi evamile imishini engenakwenzeka. Ziyakwazi onjiniyela, abakhi, abaklami, omakhenikha, abashayeli, ugesi, Plumbers ngisho abapheki zokuhlanza.

Lapho sizinake ngaphezu?

Emhlabeni wonke, ngandlela-thile okuhlobene isizinda nokucutshungulwa uwoyela negesi, ubungcweti ikhokhwe kakhulu kakhulu - oilman. Iholo kwanika abaseRussia amandla embonini ngokwesilinganiso 150 ayizinkulungwane. Ruble ngenyanga noma $ 59.000 ngonyaka. Lokhu iholo angabhekwa ngempela ehloniphekile, kodwa hhayi kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngaphezu kwakho konke ikhokhwe benzi egatsheni lase-Australia ($ 170.000 ngonyaka) kanye Norway ($ 160.000 ngonyaka). Amazinga aphezulu isichibi kubangelwa ukuhluleka kwamangqamuzana ongoti abaqeqeshiwe kula mazwe. Oilers anolwazi ngokujabula ukudweba kusuka kwamanye emaphethelweni. Hhayi pay ezimbi kanye nezifundiswa e-United States nase-Canada.

Ubani nilindele umkhakha

Oilman - umsebenzi ngombono. Izinkampani ezinkulu zezimayini ukuthi basebenzisa amaphrojekthi ezinkulu, elinde udondolo tisebenti leticeceshiwe letinemakhono kakhulu. Njalo ziphoqa abantu ojwayelene kahle ukuklanywa nokwakhiwa onjiniyela zezimboni ukusebenza amabhizinisi of uwoyela, ukuphathwa kwemfucuza. Sidinga zezomnotho emkhakheni bekuhlela ne ukubala, ukuphathwa komsebenzi inhlangano nokuqasha. Umsebenzi elihlobene ne ingozi high, njalo kudinga Environmental Protection ochwepheshe imvelo, ezempilo nokuphepha Ukuvikelwa. Ubuchwepheshe banamuhla, computerization of izinqubo eziningi embonini yokukhiqiza uholé yokuthi awukwazi ukukwenza ngaphandle ochwepheshe emkhakheni software.

Izinga lolwazi

Ezimweni eziningi, bonke ochwepheshe abenza inqubo uwoyela isizinda kanye yokucwenga, - lokuhlanganisa abantu abanezizinda lobuchwepheshe. wesayensi nse, ezifana izibalo, i-physics kanye ne-chemistry, kanye ezifana geography, biology, oilman umsebenzi endaweni yokuqala. Lomsebenzi ingatholakala emayunivesithi embonini kanye neminyango lobuchwepheshe emanyuvesi amaningi.

Ochwepheshe Young ngokushesha uthole ezinzima kunoma iyiphi umkhakha. Oil umkhakha - hhayi ngaphandle, ethandwayo izikhundla owawuholela balinde labo babe umkhuba omuhle futhi nakho. Nokho ngokunjalo-umkhakha ayeshiseka, ukusebenza kanye zokudala intsha uthole ithuba eyengeziwe ngaphambi ithemba sokukhula ngokushesha umsebenzi.

hypothesis UKwenza iZinto ngeNdlela eNgakajayeleki uwoyela nesenzakalo

• Le nguqulo ezingalindelekile we yezazi zasendulo ngemvelaphi uwoyela wawuthi lolu ketshezi - hhayi ukuthi abanye, njengoba umchamo whale, okuyinto agelezela phansi ngomzila ojulile ngaphansi kwamanzi.
• Inguqulo isikhala: Amafutha kwamiswa kusuka carbon amafu ayekubona Umhlaba ngesikhathi sokuzalwa.
• Inguqulo zenkolo. Oil - esenyukele le emathunjini ngemva kokuwa wabokuqala ungqimba evundile kakhulu ukuthi seza emhlabeni emva indalo yayo.

Ngakho ngezindlela eziningi ososayensi izikhathi ezahlukene ukuchaza umsuka uwoyela.

A amaqiniso ambalwa ethakazelisayo umkhiqizo kawoyela

• BC uwoyela lokuqala umkhiqizi nje eqoqwe ke kusukela amanzi.
• Kuze yangaphakathi omlilo injini kokusunguliwe emafutheni zokuwuhluza uphethiloli wathela njengoba ovela eceleni.
• 1 ilitha uphethiloli - kungcono iminyaka eminingi ukonakala we amathani 23 nesigamu izitshalo.
• On the campus of Beverly Hills (USA) has esikoleni samabanga aphakeme okuyinto egcekeni imithombo yabo uwoyela. Lesi sikole uthola izinkulungwane 300. Dollars imali eyengeziwe ngonyaka.
• nsuku zonke Russian khiqiza oyili noma ezingaphezu kuka-Saudi Arabia.
• ngamaloli Russia kuqala uwoyela isitshalo wokuqala emhlabeni ngenxa kwemifantu ezishisayo naphtha kumbhali lowakhe sakhiwo lesidze ku Shabolovka unjiniyela Shukhov.