Navy French: ngwenya, yempi yesimanje

French amabutho ahlomile zihlanganisa Army, Navy (Navy), izindiza (Air Force) kanye ne-National Gendarmerie. French Navy aqukethe okungaphezu kokukodwa namashumi ayisishiyagalombili lwemikhumbi ngaphezulu nangaphansi. Kuyinto lizwe lase-Europe kuphela has lemikhumbi yempi izindiza zenuzi yenethiwekhi. ngwenya wayo imikhumbi siqukethe ngwenya eziyishumi zenuzi, ezine abangatholakali behlome ngemibese zenuzi ezicitshwayo ballistic.

Beka IUD e isakhiwo jikelele French Armed Forces

Inombolo ephelele amabutho French ahlomile ngo-2014 kwaba kanje:

• Army - izinkulungwane zabantu 115;..
• Aviation - izinkulungwane zabantu 45,5;..
• Navy - izinkulungwane zabantu 44 (okwamanje) ..
• abasebenzi bezokwelapha, futhi intendants - izinkulungwane zabantu 17,8..
• gendarmerie - izinkulungwane zabantu 98,2 ..

Amabutho asolwandle waseFrance kuphelile njalo nezivumelwano. Isiphathamandla kute balungiselelwe ngesikhathi Naval Academy, yokwamukela okwakwenza mncintiswano emva kweminyaka emibili yenkonzo. Inani isabelomali sonyaka yemikhumbi ingaphezu kwezigidigidi ezingu-6-euro. Navy French matasa indawo 5 th phakathi imikhumbi yomhlaba tonnage.

Navy isiqubulo esithi: "Dumisani, lawobaba, isibindi, ukuzithiba" libhalwe izinhlamvu white phezu kwezitsha blue ogibele superstructure lwemikhumbi.

uhlaka lwenhlangano

UMphathi Naval Abasebenzi, Vice-Admiral isigaba Arno De Tarle. Navy French siqukethe izingxenye ezine eziyinhloko zokusebenza:

• amabutho tekusebenta asolwandle (amabutho umthelela - FAN) - ebusweni imikhumbi;
• ngwenya (FSM);
• Naval Air uphethiloli (ALAVIA);
• Amasosha asolwandle kanye namabutho ezikhethekile (FORFUSCO).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-National Gendarmerie waseFrance isekela amabutho asolwandle ka patrol yayo zikebhe, esasingesikaSimoni engene ngaphansi umyalo zokusebenza French Navy.

Surface imikhumbi (FAN)

Le ngxenye ye-Navy kunabantu 12 000 kanye nemikhumbi-100, okuyinto kuwumgogodla ngoxhaxha French. Yempi zihlukaniswe ngezigaba eziyisikhombisa (amaqembu):

• yenethiwekhi ezisekelwe iqembu, okuyinto ngesisekelo othwala izindiza "Sharl De Goll";
• iqembu imikhumbi abahlala kokubili emanzini nangaphandle (izilwane zasemhlabeni) (njengamanje "Mistral" imikhumbi ekilasini);
• frigate, okuyinto isinyathelo noma njengoba Ukuvikelwa amaqembu amasu, observation eyedwa noma, kwesimo endaweni, khulula ohambweni noma containment;
• minesweepers;
• yempi efakwe phesheya, futhi isenzo njengoba khona amandla futhi ekulondolozeni;
• izitsha yokusekela;
• izitsha lokuhlola amanzi futhi oceanographic.

Inkampani yenethiwekhi impi iqembu kobuso imikhumbi ngoxhaxha

Leli qembu isisekelo sokuthethelelwa French Navy futhi kwenye yezingxenye of the amabutho enuzi of kucedvwa emandla, njengoba izindiza "Super Etendard" futhi "Rafale" okuthwala sezikhali zenuzi.

Okungenani Task Force French Navy emikhunjini kuhlanganise umkhumbi othwala izindiza (njengamanje "Sharl De Goll"), umoya ukuzivikela frigate nezitsha asizayo. Ngokuvamile, leli qembu sihlanganisa eziningana anti-ngwenya futhi emoyeni ukuzivikela frigates, torpedo ngwenya yenuzi (uhlobo "Ryubi" noma ngokombono "Barracuda") senzelwe torpedoing ebusweni imikhumbi-ngwenya, futhi mhlawumbe ezengeziwe ukwesekwa imikhumbi.

emoyeni ezinkulu zingase zihlanganisa amayunithi 40: Aircraft "URafal," "Super Etendard" kanye no-E-2 "Hawkeye" futhi-NHI NH-90 izindiza ezinophephela emhlane, AS365 «Dauphin" futhi AS565 «Panther". Lokhu Ukwakheka luyehluka kuye ngokuthi umsebenzi nemibandela Tactical, futhi kungabanga emoyeni amafa kokubili ebuthweni lempi nokuthi kusukela Air Force.

Iqembu imikhumbi ukuphila kokubili emanzini nasezweni yemikhumbi ebusweni

Njengengxenye French Navy has ezintathu lokubikezela imikhumbi emikhulu ngezigaba "Mistral", esivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "indiza", athwala ezihlukahlukene esebenzisa kokwehla. Ibekwe ezinophephela emhlane ibhodi, amasosha kanye izimoto phansi. Le ngxube sihlanganisa imikhumbi ezincane ezinhlanu, okuyizinto e Fort-de-France, Toulon, ePapeete, Noumea futhi Reunion.

kwakwakhe ukuphila kokubili emanzini nasezweni futhi kuhlanganisa owodwa noma ngaphezulu ezokuthutha-TCD uhlobo izimoto ukuphila kokubili emanzini nasezweni, kokufika izikebhe zenethiwekhi, izimoto, nezindiza ezinophephela emhlane, futhi eyodwa noma ukukhanya okuningi ezokuthutha BATRAL uhlobo yezimoto ezisebusweni uyakwazi ukukhulula ngqo izingxenye esinenjini ogwini. Abangase bakwazi ukukuthwala ezokuthutha ezinophephela emhlane zasolwandle we "Puma" futhi "Cougar" noma ukulwa ezinophephela emhlane "iNsephe" futhi "Tiger", indlela lokushaya zishanela futhi ukuphila kokubili emanzini nasezweni amayunithi noma amayunithi ibutho.

Imikhumbi-French Navy ikilasi "frigate"

Zinikeza emoyeni khulula nesikhala zasolwandle kanye ukuvumela ukuba usebenze nezinye izingxenye Navy. Frigates zihlukaniswe ngokuvumelana usongo ekumele engabe zihamba zibonisa, futhi ngokuvamile uhambisana namanye amabutho (abathwali izindiza noma iqembu abahlala kokubili emanzini nangaphandle lwemikhumbi, ngwenya noma izitsha nezakhamuzi).

• Four emoyeni ukuzivikela frigate, bobabili "Horizon" uhlobo ezimbili - uhlobo "Cassar" ezenzelwe ukuvikela izindiza yenethiwekhi impi iqembu kusuka izinsongo. Futhi baphathe ezinophephela emhlane, angasetshenziswa for anti-ngwenya impi.
• Nine anti-torpedo frigate (ezimbili "zezikhala Tourville" + eziyisikhombisa uhlobo "Zhorzh Legi") athwale sonars towed nezindiza ezinophephela emhlane, futhi babe nazo izikhali antikorabelnym futhi emoyeni.
• Eight multi-purpose frigates "Aquitaine" uhlobo yakhelwe esikhathini esizayo ukuze esikhundleni frigates anti ekhona.
• frigates Five "Lafayette" ikilasi ngokuyinhloko esetshenziswa zizulazula amanzi ezweni noma emhlabeni jikelele. Bathwala AS565 ezinophephela emhlane "Panther" noma "Links".

imikhumbi yangaphansi kwamanzi (FSM)

Submarine amabutho aqukethe (ekuqaleni 2010 sika) zezakhi ezilandelayo:

• Isigaba ka zenuzi ngwenya (NS) ukuhlasela torpedo we "Ryubi" akukho silos (esiqokiwe ukukhokha ku ngezigaba kazwelonke SSN of "NATO"). Kuyinto ngwenya encane kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Asekelwe ethekwini lempi Toulon kwi French zokungcebeleka ezingasogwini lolwandle. Isibalo ngwenya ku isigaba singamakhulu ayisithupha
• Isigaba ka ngwenya yenuzi nge ezicitshwayo ballistic (okubizwa ngokuthi "NATO" SSBN ku ngezigaba kazwelonke SSBN ku). Siqukethe ngwenya obune 'Triumfan "ifakwe 16 pu Raet uhlobo M45 noma i-M51. I isigaba kusekelwe njalo tekusebenta Ile Longue eduze Brest, lapho ngaphambili (kusuka 1972 kuya koka-2007) Were ngowokuqala French SSBNs uhlobo "Redutabl".

I-M45 rocket kokudubula lebanga 6000 km, i-M51 - 9000 km. Bobabili ezicitshwayo okuthwala sezikhali eziyisithupha enuzi kilotons 100 ka TNT okulingana ngamunye.

The French zezindiza asolwandle (ALAVIA)

Le ngxenye ye-Navy siqukethe izingxenye ezine:

• Aviagroup yenethiwekhi "Sharl De Goll" ehlanganisa 16 esisetshenziselwa fighters Dasso kwesizukulwane sesine "URafal," 8 leSupersonic ukuhlaselwa izindiza emphemeni Dassault Super Etendard futhi double anesitezi izindiza ukuthola sisemoyeni Grumman E-2 "Hawkeye".
• 16 (2015 e YG) Navy izindiza imiphumela yesikhathi eside ezayo uhlobo "Atlantic 2". Zenza umsebenzi onogada. ekulweni ngwenya, isiteji futhi ukuthola kwezimayini, yesikhathi eside kwesimo endaweni.
• Helicopter uthayipha "Dauphin", "Panther", "Links", "Alouette III" Ngo emkhunjini.
• Amayunithi yesevisi.

Iyunithi eyinhloko-French Naval Aviation kuyinto imikhumbi (ka 39), ngokuvamile ehlanganisa 12 izindiza.

Amasosha asolwandle kanye namabutho ezikhethekile (FORFUSCO)

Basuke zihlelwe ngasesinqeni e Lorient (Brittany esifundeni) futhi enezisebenzi 1,700. La mandla zinengxenye phansi imisebenzi eyandulela eyendlala ulwandle imisebenzi amabutho akhethekile, ukuvikelwa kwalezo zindawo ezikhombisa ukuzwela. Kuhlanganisa izingxenye ezimbili:

1. ombutho Marine, okuhlanganisa ukwahlukana eziyisithupha ezikhethekile: "Jobert" (ukuhlasela kanye ukukhululwa kwe-abathunjwa), "Tripoli" (ukuhlasela kanye ukukhululwa kwe-abathunjwa), "Penfenteno" (ukuhlola ukuphepha kwesimo), "Montfort" (ukwesekwa nokubhujiswa ecasula) "Hubert" (izenzo ngwenya) kanye "Kieffer" (umyalo okuphambili kanye nempi yokulwa izinsongo elisha). Avame esetshenziswa French Special Operations Command (COS).
2. riflemen Marine, onguchwepheshe ukongiwa kanye nokuvikelwa imikhumbi nokhiye French Navy amasayithi ezweni. Inombolo yabo - abantu mayelana 1900.