Isixazululo eliphezulu ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo zezimboni - izitolo, izimboni - ukusetshenziswa metal izakhiwo. Njengoba izakhiwo yenethiwekhi usebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene amakholomu zingafani kusho cross-section (elingunxande, isiyingi, mina-futhi umkhombe) kanye indlela yokukhiqiza (iphuma kanye ashiselwe). link Ivala kuvame esinanyathiselwe kwagcizelela enezisekelo zikakhonkolo. Ukweqa ogibele metal imishudo kanye izingodo, kodwa enamathela (esakhiweni yesimanje esetshenziswa ibhodi lukathayela) ibekwe phezu girders metal.
Ukukhiqizwa ipulazi
Ngokuvamile, metal kuyakhethwa epulazini Kuye Igridi amakholomu futhi efanele, ububanzi span lesi sakhiwo. osayizi Standard -. 12, 18, 24 m metal girders zenziwa kusukela amalungu iphrofayela ezahlukene. kuvame kakhulu ukuba kusetshenziswe i-Welding emagumbini, okuyinto okhethiweyo kuye umthwalo kulindeleke. Ukuze wenze isakhiwo baqinisa namandla umkaki ngalinye kanye phambi Yenziwe izingxenye ezimbili ezixhunywe okubizwa ngokuthi "inhlanzi" - isiqeshana steel, uphawu phakathi emashalofini emakhoneni. Nokho, girders lensimbi elinezinhlangothi ukumisa ezifana konke ukuqashelwa kancane: isidingo ukushisela ndawonye emakhoneni kudinga nezindleko ezengeziwe zesikhathi futhi impahla, futhi khona sebuningini ziboya futhi kude nzima upende inqubo. Enye kubhekwe ipulazi eyenziwe amapayipi, futhi kuhlanganiswe (lapho tincenye ahlukile asetshenziselwa amabhande, besokunxele futhi struts). Ukuze nokubopha izakhi zensimbi wasebenzisa izikhwepha ezingaphezu okusezingeni eliphezulu imishudo.
Ukusetshenziswa amapulazi ezahlukene
Ngaphandle ubude ipulazi ukuhlukanisa tsya e uhlaka. Lapho kwakhiwa ezimbonini kanye civil isebenzisa metal girders amabhande okufanayo, zikanhlangothiningi, esingunxantathu futhi ephukile. Endabeni Trusses izifunda ziyahlukahluka kuye ekupheleni oyifunayo ezaziphase isakhiwo, ngoba kusukela kule zizoshintsha ukuma ophahleni. Uma isakhiwo enkulu yezimboni, nesebenzela ogandaganda, ezifana Cranes phezulu futhi ibhuloho, ke livame ukusetshenziswa ibhuloho, umbhoshongo crane nensimbi girders. Imidwebo zezakhiwo zezimboni, ikakhulukazi cross-izigaba, kubonise kakhulu ngokunembile ukusebenza emapulazini. By the way, podstropilnye ipulazi ngokuvamile esikhundleni ngemishayo imishudo.
isixazululo ezakhayo
Uma isakhiwo udinga ukunikeza indawo yokuhlala, wasebenzisa metal truss cantilever. Endabeni izakhiwo kanye nezipani ezinkulu, kungasetshenziswa njengoba ukuhlukana noma ipulazi angakavunwa. Nokho, okuhle kakhulu kuyinto ipulazi okuqhubekayo; kungumnikelo ukwakhiwa baqinisa futhi ngamandla, lapho ukuphakama ingaphansi okuhlukene. Kusobala ukuthi ngokuya izindleko impahla nezikhwepha ukwakhiwa okuholela kunenzuzo ukusebenzisa okuqhubekayo metal girders.
Ngo ukwakhiwa civil - ngokuvamile HVD ezincane (izindlu zangasese, Cottages) - esetshenziswa lokhuni Trusses. Futhi-ke, ngeke ukwazi ukubhala off the girders metal ekwakhiweni izakhiwo ezifana amabhuloho, imibhoshongo nokunye.