Kuyini iambic futhi trochaic?

Inkondlo kuhlukile temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba yakhiwa iphethini elithile amazwi, hhayi kuphela semantic, kodwa futhi umsindo. Ukungeza ezinye zalezi yamatshe, imbongi uyakwazi ukuveza imizwa ejulile futhi izigcawu egqamile. Ukwakha isigqi kanye nokuzwana umkhiqizo esetshenziswa imithetho ethile versification: ukuhambisana alternation ngendlela ethile amaqoqo ezinhlamvu abanamandla nababuthaka (ecindezelekile futhi unstressed), ukubizwa ngokuthi nonyawo; Umlindelo ku Ubukhulu olusankondlo noma isamba njalo ukubopha ezinikezwa emgqeni ngamunye.

ngezinyawo disyllabic

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi pentameter, kudingeka uqonde ngokucophelela izinyawo nhlobo. Uma sikhuluma unyawo disyllabic, ukuze okungokwendlela pentameter futhi ferrets, kuleso simo amaqoqo unstressed eyayihambisana ukushaqeka, ngamunye ngamunye. Ukugcizelela ehlela phezu emalunga ezimbili zokuqala, uthi unyawo okuqondene chorea:

Pond kuthule lapha nalaphaya,

Okuvamile, ehamba phezu amagagasi ...

Ngenkathi ukugcizelela ehlela phezu ilunga yesibili, uthi kuba pentameter. izibonelo:

Lapho uku-isiphepho esikhulu seqhwa ebusika oluthukuthele,

Futhi inhliziyo uthandazela abanye,

Ikhono umphefumulo Ukuvikelwa ...

Noma futhi:

Khona-ke, mina ngithathe imicibisholo

Futhi, livutha nobubi zihlanganiswa,

Umunwe Teteven ...

pyrrhic

Lezi yizibonelo ezimbili ezinhle ukuthi ungakha umbono walokho pentameter. Ebhekene nazo izinkondlo sina classical, kunzima ukunquma ubukhulu unyawo. Lokhu kungenxa ukusatshalaliswa nokucindezeleka kwabo, musa njalo kuhambisane isikimu ngenhla. Okufanele ukwenze Kulezo zimo:

Dawn Ruddy uphapheme,

Gurgling emfuleni isihlabathi,

Futhi kukhona navzgOre nenkonyane

I ulalele umoya.

Foot nzima zimisele ngenxa ukusatshalaliswa engalingani ukucindezeleka ngamagama. Yini leyo? Pentameter wena? Ferrets?

Ukuze Ezimweni ezinjalo, kukhona indlela yokunquma zabantu usayizi unyawo iwukuba "okhanda," leli vesi njengomuntu lokuqala ibanga ku uhlelo, khokhela hhayi lalelisisa kuze okushiwo amagama noma ukubekwa efanele nangezindlela kuzo. Lapho aphindaphinde enjalo yaleli vesi kungabonwa isikimu elandelayo:

Ukuze esigodlweni-ru-igama-noma-las-SPRO-Mykonos,

Jour-cha-la-enkulumweni-ka-e inja-ku,

Kodwa-kukhona i-vzgO-Riez efanayo-kabusha kube-NOC

Ngezinye-SLN-shi-Val-Xia-Que ba-ku.

Lapho ufunda ivesi ngale ndlela kwaveza ezengeziwe, hhayi esivela amagama nangezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Phawula emalunga sesithupha imigqa yokuqala futhi kwesithathu, kwesine nelesithupha - in the sakamuva, obonisa ngokucacile iyisici senkondlo. Ngo kwemibhalo, ubizwa ngokuthi pyrrhic futhi kusebenza bonke osayizi samalunga amagama.

Ngakho ngendlela elula ku ngenhla kuphawulwe evesini ukushaqeka zonke uhlamvu yesibili wadalula iambus ejwayelekile. Kanye choir, wayengumuntu isilebhuli ethandwa phakathi imisebenzi izimbongi kwekhulu le-19. Pentameter inkondlo ayethanda: A. S. Pushkin, M. Yu Lermontov, A. S. griboedov nezinye zabuna abaningi..

emithathu nohlamvu unyawo

Ngu izinyawo emithathu ilunga kukhona dactyl, amphibrach futhi anapaest. Lezi Ubukhulu zinezikhathi eyodwa stop futhi ukushaqeka ohambisana amaqoqo amabili unstressed. Umehluko wukuthi, ngenxa okuyinto ilunga egcizelelwayo: dactyl has a ukushaqeka ilunga lokuqala, amphibrach - yesibili anapaest - yesithathu. Kungenzeka ukuba sicabangele izibonelo:

dactyl:

amagatsha,

Amanzi kwamacala,

Selani esibhakabhakeni

Ngezinye izikhathi ekuseni ...

amphibrach:

Lapho izwe, ukuthi kimi,

Untill iwe, entwasahlobo ...

anapaest:

Yazisa! Musa skimp on nobuhlanya izinzwa,

Ukuze lutho silondoloza Inhliziyo yoMlilo!

Lei kimi njengokungathi isitsha womise futhi ake ...

ubukhulu olusankondlo

Inombolo ngokuphinda stop kwelinye umugqa inkondlo kudala ivesi isinqumo esithile. Kule minyaka kulezi zibonelo kuba ukuphindaphindwa ezine emithathu ilunga ngezinyawo. Literary kuba ngokuthi chetyrehstopnym anapaest.

Kakhulu olusankondlo ngokuvamile Ubukhulu esingokwemvelo zabuna isiRashiya, angabizwa ngokuthi chetyrehstopnym, trehstopnye futhi dvuhstopnye.

Ngokwesibonelo:

Unkulunkulukazi esibhakabhakeni ukuhlobisa ngokwabo,

Ukuyeka emaphusheni ami ephokophelele ...

Lesi sibonelo ucacisa ukusetshenziswa emine ngeshumi efanayo umugqa amphibrach futhi ngokufanele ngokuthi: chetyrehstopnym amphibrach.

UmBhalo echaza unyawo dactyl ngenhla dvuhstopnym.

Kuyini trehstopny iambic noma chetyrehstopnym, kulula ukukuqonda lokhu okulandelayo izibonelo:

Ngezinye izikhathi delirium, futhi kakwazanga,

Ukuthi ngiyaphi. Futhi kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ...

Leli vesi kulotshiwe tetrameter iambic. Ubizwa eyaziwako ukungafi "Evgenii Onegine," A. S. Pushkina.

Ivesi elilandelayo libhekisela trehstopnomu iambic, futhi isebenzisa A. S. griboedov e "Maye kusukela Wit" yakhe:

Nomthandazo engakwazi ukumemeza,

Imithandazo uthula ...

Manje njengoba kusobala ukuthi kukhona ferrets, nokuthi - dactyl, iambic noma amphibrach, ungaqala ngokubhala prizvedeny yabo. Kuyini imbongi iambic? Mhlawumbe usayizi elula kunazo. Uqala ke naye.