Kungani izinhlanzi zifa emanzini? I-Aquarium yabaqalayo

I-Aquarium - ukwengeza okukhulu kwendawo yangaphakathi nokukwazi ukuthola izilwane ezifuywayo ezingenakuzithoba ezingadingi amakhono akhethekile nokunakwa. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile abaqalayo kuleli bhizinisi babhekene nenkinga yokufa kwabakhamuzi abangaphansi kwamanzi. Kungani izinhlanzi zifa emanzini? Impendulo yalo mbuzo izonikezwa ngendaba yethu.

Iphutha elivame kakhulu labo abasanda kufika kulokubona ukuthi i-aquarium nezinhlanzi ezihlala kuyo akudingi ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe. Lokhu akude neze, ngoba lezi zilwane ezifuywayo ezingenasidingo azidingi ukudla ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela, zidinga oksijithi elula futhi eyengeziwe, njalonjalo.

Kungani izinhlanzi zifa emanzini: izimbangela

1. Ukufaka ushevu ngezinto ezine-nitrogen eziqukethe.
2. Ukuhlala okungalungile.
3. Izifo.
4. Ukushisa okuphansi / okuphezulu.
5. Ukukhanya okungafanelekile emanzini noma kungabikho.
6. Ikhwalithi yamanzi engafanelekile.
7. Ukungabi ne-oxygen.
8. Ukuhlukunyezwa komakhelwane.
9. Ukuguga.

Uketshezi lwe-nitrogen

Amakhemikhali e-nitrogen avela emanzini ngenxa yokubola kwemikhiqizo yokuphila yabakhileyo bawo, ngokuhlanzwa okungalungile. Ama-nitites ne-nitrate ayingozi kakhulu. Ukwandisa inombolo yabo kuhambisane nokubukeka kwe-rotting smells, i-aquarium iba i-turbid. Ama-bacteria acubungula imithwalo yemfucuza kumakhemikhali e-nitrogen echazwe ngenhla, ahlelwe ezigciniwe zokuhlunga kanye nenhlabathi. Isixazululo senkinga sibhekene nokuhlanzwa kwamanzi okufanele, ukufaka isicelo njalo nokuhlanza izihlungi, ukunciphisa inani lokudla (izinsalela zalo zingalahla futhi zihlasele i-aquarium).

Ukuhlala okungalungile

Zingaki izinhlanzi ezingagcinwa ku-aquarium? Isibalo sabakhileyo asincike ekude nobude bawo kuphela, kodwa nokuziphatha kwabo. Emanzini amancane (ama-20-30 amalitha) kungcono ukugcina izinhlanzi ezincane ezinamafutha, ezihambisana nomthetho: ilitha elilodwa likamitha ngalinye ubude besilwane.

Ukufunda, izilwane ezifuywayo nezikhulu, iziqukathi ezivela kwamalitha ayikhulu noma ngaphezulu zifanelekile. Ukweqa ngokweqile kusongela ukungena kwe-oksijini futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukufa kwezilwane. Isici esibalulekile sokuphila okugcwele kwezinhlanzi ukukhanya ku-aquarium.

Lungisa ukukhanya

Kungani izinhlanzi zifa? Ku-aquarium ukunganaki i-backlight kunoma yikuphi okwenzekayo akunakwenzeka. Izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi zidinga ukukhanyisa amahora angu-10-12 ngosuku, futhi ngenxa yokuntuleka kwazo, zivele zigula futhi zife.

Yingakho i-aquarium (yabaqalayo lawa macebiso kubaluleke kakhulu) kubalulekile ukuhlomisa ngezixhobo zokukhanyisa ezikhethekile.

Izifo

Uma inhlanzi ifa e-aquarium, kwenzekani, kuyadingeka ukuthola ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Isizathu esivamile sokuhlukunyezwa kwezilwane ezifuywayo yizifo zabo, ezihlukaniswe zibe ezithathelwanayo nezingenasifo.

Isizathu seqembu lokuqala lokugula singase sibe nezifo (fungi, amagciwane noma amabhaktheriya) kanye nezifo (izinambuzane ezihlukahlukene). Ukuze ukwelashwa kwezifo ezinjalo, ukusetshenziswa okuphuthumayo kokwelapha izidakamizwa kuyodingeka:

• Iphuzi elimhlophe. Ebizwa ngokuthi uPseudomonas Dermoalba. Le ngqungquthela ingena e-aquarium ne-algae entsha, izakhamuzi noma inhlabathi. Kukhona isifo ngendlela yokugqoka ezimhlophe ngemuva nangomsila wezinhlanzi. Abantu abathintekayo bagejisa phezulu. I-bacterium ibangela ukulimala ohlelweni lwezinzwa futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukusebenzisana nokukhubazeka. Ukwelapha kuqukethe ukucwiliswa okuphelele kwe-aquarium (kubandakanya inhlabathi, izitshalo kanye nemishini) nokusetshenziswa kwamatayipi ne-Levomycetin kubakhileyo.
• Branhiomycosis. Isizathu sokwehlela kwayo - ama-branchiomyces demigrans (fungus), okuholela ekusungulweni kwezingubo eziningi zegazi ezitsheni. Lesi sifo sithathelwana kakhulu, futhi phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu zonke izilwane ezise-aquarium zingase zife. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukucacisa ukuxilongwa ngezibonakaliso zokuqala zesifo bese uqala ukwelashwa, okungahlala ezinyangeni eziyishumi kuya kweziyishumi nambili. Izimpawu: ukubukeka kwemigqa ebomvu emagqumeni, ukulahlekelwa ukudla, ukucindezela amaphiko emzimbeni. Ngokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo kuvela pink, emhlophe, imicu emicu, futhi izigulane zithola umbala we-marble. Izinhlanzi ezigulayo zifihla ezindaweni ezifihliwe. Ukwelashwa kwe-Branchiomycosis kuncishiswe ukuba kuguqulwe abantu abagulayo ibe isitsha esisodwa besebenzisa izixazululo zethusi sulfate ne "Rivanol". I-aquarium ne-inventory ayinqunyelwe i-disinfected, futhi amanzi ashintshiwe ngokuphelele.
• I-hexamycin. Ubizwa ngokuthi i-infusoria hexamite. Lesi sifo sithathelwana kakhulu futhi siyingozi kakhulu kuma-cichlids. Ukwelashwa kuthatha isigamu nesigamu emavikini amabili. Izimpawu: izilonda ezinamaqabunga eziqhamuka emzimbeni wezinhlanzi, ukuvulwa kwesilwane kuyavuvukala, kanti indwangu izuza umlingiswa onobuchopho, obunjengezintambo. Ukuze ukwelashwa kwe-hexamethosis, imishanguzo isetshenziswa (Metronidazole, Griseofulvin, Erythromycin). Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, ama-agent achazwe ngenhla kufanele ahlakazwe emanzini. Esikhathini sesisombululo esilandelayo, cwilisa bese usondla.
• I-Gyrodactylosis. Umthombo walesi sifo yi-parasite-fluke Gyrodactylus, echaphazela amaphiko, amagill kanye nesikhumba senhlanzi. Abantu abathintekayo basesimweni samanzi, cindezela amaphiko emzimbeni bese uphonsa ngamatshe nezinye izindawo, ungafisi ukudla. Esikhathini sesigcawu nakwezinye izingxenye ze-trunk, kuvela amabala ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuyizibonakaliso zokubhujiswa kwezicubu. Ukwelapha i-gyrodactylosis emanzini engeza "i-Bicillin" ne "Azipirin". Izinhlanzi ezithintekile zifakelwa iziqukathi ezihlukene, zenezela i-sodium chloride, ithusi sulfate, i-formalin noma i-malachite eluhlaza. Ukushisa kwamanzi kufanele kwandiswe.
• I-glucose. Isibangela sesifo yi-Microsporidia, ewonakala amehlo, izitho zangaphakathi kanye nezigulane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinhlanzi ezithathelwanayo zigeleza ezinhlangothini zazo, futhi umzimba wazo ugcwele izindlu zegazi. Uma izitho zombono zithintekile, kukhona i-pop-eyed. Ngeshwa, lesi sifo asinakuphulukiswa. Abantu abathintekayo kanye nezitshalo baqothulwa, futhi umhlaba kanye nemishini ayinqunyelwe i-disinfected.
• Rot rot. Ubizwa nge-wand Pseudomonas. Okuvamise kakhulu kuthinta izinhlanzi ngemisindo ehlanganisiwe eveyili evezwe nge-hypothermia. Emaphethelweni amahlumela akhula i-turbid nombala ku-tinge ye-bluish. Ngesikhathi ukuqhubeka kwesifo, amaphupho awela , kuze kube ukuwa komsila kubantu abasha. Khona-ke isikhumba, imisipha kanye nemithwalo yegazi kuthinteka, okuholela ekufeni. Emathrethini okusebenzisa ukwelashwa anezihlahla zemalaki, ama-antiparas noma i- "Bicillin".
• Dactylogyrosis. Isizathu saleso sifo yi-Dactylogyrus ye-flukes-parasite, echaphazela ukugaya kwezinhlanzi. Ezigulini, isifiso siyanyamalala, futhi izigulana zishintsha umbala (ziba nomoya noma zigcwale). Izinhlanzi ezithintekile zihlala phansi, zibopha ngamatshe futhi ziphefumule ngenkuthalo. Amapayipi emgodini wegill ahlanganiswe, agcwele i-mucus futhi ngezinye izikhathi aphucwe. Ukwelashwa kwe-dactylogyrosis kunciphisa ukwanda kwamazinga okushisa kwamanzi ku-aquarium kanye nokwengezwa kwezixazululo ze-formalin, ufulawa usawoti noma i- "Bicillin".
• Dermatomycosis. Kubangelwa ukukhunta isikhunta, okuthinta izitho zangaphakathi, isikhumba namagill. Ngokuvamile kubonakala futhi, njengenkinga yezinye izifo. Ezinhlanzi ezithathelwanayo, izintambo ezimhlophe ezimhlophe zivela ezigayeni nasesikhumba, khona-ke izitho zangaphakathi zithinteka, futhi ukufa kwenzeka. Ukwelashwa kuqala ngomuthi wesifo esiyinhloko, bese ukwandisa umkhuhlane futhi usebenza ngamabhati nge-potassium permanganate, "i-Bicillin" nosawoti wetafula.

Imfanelo yamanzi

Imingcele eyinhloko yetshezi ku-aquarium yilezi: ukuqina, okuqukethwe kokungcola okungcolile (chlorine nabanye), ubumsulwa kanye nezinga le-asidi.

Amanzi okupompi angasetshenziswa kuphela ngemuva kokuthi ixazululwe izinsuku ezilodwa noma ezimbili. Uma kungenjalo, izilwane ezifuywayo zingahlakulela uketshezi lwe-chlorine.

Amanzi amancane kakhulu ashukumisa ukutholakala kwe-alkalosis, futhi ukwehla kwe-acidity - acidosis.

Izimo zokushisa

Kungani izinhlanzi zifa emanzini? Mhlawumbe, isizathu silele ohlelweni lokushisa olungakhethi kahle. Amanzi afanelekayo angama-degree angu-22-26. Kodwa-ke, izakhamuzi ezithile, isibonelo, izinhlanzi zama-labyrinth ne-discus-28-30 degrees, negolide - 18-23 degrees.

Amanzi ashisayo angabangela ukushisa kwezilwane, futhi kunesifiso sokufudumala kwe-oksijeni (njengoba izinga lokushisa eliphakeme, kwehlisa oksijini emanzini).

Isikhathi sokuphila

Uma inhlanzi ifa e-aquarium, kwenzekani, udinga ukuthola ngokushesha kakhulu. Mhlawumbe imbangela yokufa kwabo igugile. Phela, izinhlanzi, kanye nezinye izidalwa eziphilayo, zadedelwa isikhathi esithile:

• I-Carpiformes. Leli qembu lihlanganisa ama-guppies, swordfish, pecilia kanye ne-molenezia. Abamele lezi zinhlobo baphila iminyaka emithathu nengxenye kuphela.
• I-Labyrinth: ama-cockerels, lapius, gourami - eminyakeni emine noma emihlanu.
• I-Haratsinovye: i-tetras, neon, i-piranhas, izingane-cishe iminyaka eyisikhombisa.
• I-Karpovye: ama-barbs, ama-telescopes, i-zebrafish, i-cardinal - kusukela eminyakeni emine kuya kweyishumi nanhlanu.
• Ama-cichlids: ama-parrots, i-discus, i-severum, i-apistogram, i-cichloma-kusukela eminyakeni emine kuya kweyishumi nane. I-Scalaria e-aquarium, eyabaseli qembu, ihlala isilinganiso seminyaka eyishumi.

• I-Somovye: i- tarakatumy, i-catfish ingilazi kanye nama-speckled - kusukela eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili kuya kweyishumi.

Ukubona umuntu oguga kulula ngokwanele: ayifuni kahle, iba yi-flaccid, i-fins mincane. Izinhlanzi ezifile zasuswa ngokushesha.

Ukungabi ne-oxygen

Okuqukethwe kwalokhu okudingekayo emanzini kuncike ekushiseni, isibalo sabakhileyo, i-aeration kanye nokutholakala kwamafilimu okugulisa phezu komhlaba.

Ukuntuleka kwe-oksijeni kungabangela ukuba i-asphyxia (i-choking) yezinhlanzi. Kulokhu, izigulane zabo zivuleka kakhulu, futhi ukunyakaza okuphefumulayo kuyaqhubeka njalo futhi kunamandla. Isilwane sihamba phezu komhlaba, siwugwinya ngomlilo. Ngemva kwesikhathi inhlanzi ifa ngomlomo ovulekile kanye namagill avulekile. Uma izimpawu ezinjalo zitholakala, kuyadingeka ukuthola futhi kuqede imbangela ye-asphyxia: tshala izakhamuzi, unciphise izinga lokushisa kwamanzi, ususe ifilimu, uhlanze i-aquarium uphinde ushintshe amanzi, uthenge imishini ekhethekile ukuze ucebise amanzi nge-oxygen.

Ngokuphefumula kwe-oksijeni, kwenzeka okwenzeka ngegesi embolism.

Iziphetho

Uma izinhlanzi zifa emanzini, kufanele zenzeni?

1. Susa umuntu ofile.
2. Qaphela ezinye izilwane ezifuywayo (ngokushintshwa kokuziphatha, umbala, njll).
3. Hlola ukukhwabanisa (i-aquarium yabaqalayo kufanele ibe: ukunikezwa kwe-oksijeni, isihlungi, izinga lokushisa nokunye okunye).
4. Hlola isimo samanzi (thola izinga lokushisa, i-asidi, ubulukhuni).
5. Ngaphambi kokungcola - ushintshe amanzi, uhlanze umhlabathi kanye nemishini uma kunesidingo.
6. Lungisa ukukhanya ku-aquarium.
7. Ukusetha isifo noma isitshalo inhlanzi ekudlulelweni.