Kanjani ukuntweza? ukuntweza Homemade: ukufundiswa yokukhiqiza

ukuntweza Homemade - idivayisi zamanani aphansi ngoba ukuphefumula ngaphansi kwamanzi. Abalobi izibuyekezo eziningi zithi iyunithi Ungashintshanisa ebizayo imishini diving uma kwenzeka diving amamitha angu amane ukujula. Ngakho, ukuntweza okuzenzela - ukuthi kuyini nokuthi ungayenza kanjani kuso?

kwencika Elomuntu kubuchwepheshe

Buza umbuzo mayelana nendlela ukwenza Aqualung okuzenzela kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi nsuku umsebenzi womuntu ongakaphathelani ukusetshenziswa kwanoma yimuphi umsebenzi amathuluzi, imishini noma ezinye ubuchwepheshe, kwenza kwethemba inhlanhla yabo noma usizo lomngane. Ukuze labo, ngokwesibonelo, uyalandisa ukubhukuda evamile. Human isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe - imoto noma ukuntweza - ngokuphindaphindiwe esandisa amathuba ayo. Kodwa silingane yinkimbinkimbi inyuka ubuchwepheshe kanye nokulutheka kumuntu.

Diver, ifakwe iqoqo "buso, amaphiko, snorkel," usenkingeni nokulahlekelwa lutho ngaphansi kwamanzi kusukela imishini ekhona. Kodwa esimweni esinzima kakhulu hits diver, uma amanzi ngokuphazima kweso eyeka air. Lokhu kungenzeka ngesikhathi ukujula lapho akunakwenzeka ukuvela umoya ofanayo. ukuntweza besiyoba sikhulu kunciphisa ukuhamba kanye kwandisa ukumelana namanzi. isimo esiphuthumayo okunjalo singenzeka ngaphansi iqhwa noma emhumeni. Abatshuzi kufanele sinake kakhulu ubuchwepheshe isicelo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngokuphathelene nalabo banquma ukwenza diving okuzenzela.

On the yinkimbinkimbi inkinga

Modern imishini diver igxile induduzo yayo kanye nokuphepha. Zonke ISIZINDA netakhiwo imishini kumele kahle wacabanga ngokusebenzisa. Ochwepheshe baye basungula imithetho ku ukusetshenziswa imishini, ukuwuchitha kakhulu sidangele. newbie Amateur uma kwenzeka ubunzima kancane ekuqhutshweni imishini kumele sifune iseluleko Umqeqeshi wakhe njengoba ukusetshenziswa mahhala imishini kuyisihluthulelo ephephile diving.

Aqualung yidivayisi oyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ochwepheshe siqinisekise ukuthi ukudala esikhashana ukuntweza igiya ekhaya kunzima ngempela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kumele ube lwati lolufanele futsi bakwazi ukusebenza imishini okuhle lathe. Labo abathanda umbuzo zendlela yokwenza ukuntweza okuzenzela ngezandla zabo, kudingeka ufunde mayelana nale divayisi ngangokunokwenzeka.

indaba

Igama elithi "ukuntweza" lisho ukuthi "amanzi ukukhanya". Umlando ubonisa ukuthi idivayisi sidalwe kancane kancane. Eyokuqala lobunikazi emoyeni Regulator ebusweni futhi kwaguqulwa ukulisebenzisa ethangini. Ngo-1878, wasungula i-apharathasi ngoba ukuphefumula ngaphansi kwamanzi. Isebenzisa i-oksijini okumsulwa. Ngo-1943 Aqualung lokuqala limiswa. Umbhali wayo kwaba French Emil Ganyan futhi Jacques Iv Kusto.

kudivayisi

Labo Sinqume ukudala ukuntweza esikhashana, kumele wazi ukuthi lolu phiko siqukethe 3 izingxenye eziyinhloko futhi kumadivaysi amaningana eyengeziwe:

• Ibhaluni. Ngokuvamile esetshenziswa elilodwa noma amabili iziqukathi onomfutho aphefumula ingxube. isiqukathi ngamunye liphetheni 7 - 18 wamalitha.
• Regulator. Siqukethe gear kanye wamaphaphu umshini. Scuba angabandakanya eyodwa noma ngaphezulu gearboxes.
• buoyancy samandla. Vest Inflatable, injongo ekhethekile - ukulawulwa ukucwiliswa ukujula.
• Gauge ifakwe uphawu lokuthi icushiwe lapho umfutho womoya kuya ku-30 izikhathi eziphindwe.

Izici

Abafisa ukwakha esikhashana ukuntweza igiya odinga ukukwazi mayelana nezici bathole ezinye zezici zalo.

• ingcindezi isitsha, ingxenye ethangini ukuntweza kuyinto isitoreji emoyeni. Operating ingcindezi therein - 150 eziphindwe. Standard isilinda nomthamo 7 amalitha ngesikhathi ingcindezi yokuhlala amalitha 1050 air.
• ukuntweza Isetshenziswa esalisekela, nobujamo noma trohballonnye. Ngokuvamile amasilinda capacitance - 5 futhi kumalitha angu 7 kanye amasilinda 10 asetshenziswa uma kudingeka, 14- ilitha.
• Ifomu amasilinda - cylindrical, ngentamo side unikezwe i ngentambo yangaphakathi lokukhuphula tube ephezulu ingcindezi noma ipayipi.
• I amasilinda nawo ezenziwe ngensimbi noma aluminium. Steel amasilinda ehlanganiswa ungqimba ukugqwala-zokuzivikela, okuyiwona-zinc isetshenziswa. Steel amasilinda banamandla, uma kulinganiswa nokwenu aluminium, kodwa abaqiniseki sisemanzini.
• I amasilinda zigcwele igesi ingxube noma ezicindezelwe ehlungiwe emoyeni. isiqukathi zanamuhla anemisila Ukuvikelwa zichichima.
• Basuke ixhumeke reducer umfutho womoya, kulo lonke ingcindezi emsebenzini Aqualung kunciphisa kusuka 150 kuya ku-6 eziphindwe. Nge ingcindezi izinkomba ezifana ingxube zokuphefumula ingena umshini yamaphaphu.
• Yamaphaphu idivayisi othomathikhi main idivayisi Aqualung, njengoba sidla nge emoyeni ukuphefumula, ogama ingcindezi ilingana ingcindezi yamanzi esifubeni endaweni amangqamuzana diver sika.

izinhlobo ukuntweza

Banquma ukwakha ukuntweza esikhashana kumele wazi ukuthi izinhlobo ezintathu imishini esetshenziswa diving: evulekile, ivaliwe, izifunda semi avaliwe. Basuke zihlukaniswa komunye nomunye esetshenziswa ngendlela okumelwe uphefumule.

wesifunda evulekile

It esetshenziswa zamanani aphansi, kulula, futhi akudingeki kakhulu igiya Ubukhulu. Isebenza kuphela supply emoyeni. Phakathi okhishwa ngamakhala Ukwakheka kabusha kukhishelwa endlini imvelo ngaphandle kokuba exutshwe ingxube ukugcwalisa amasilinda. Lokhu kuvimbela i-oksijini yokulamba noma okunoshevu ne-carbon dioxide. Uhlelo libhekene lula design and iphephile isebenze. Kodwa-ke has ethile enkulu: it is hhayi aguqulelwe diving ngokujulile ngenxa ukugeleza eliphezulu ukuphefumula igesi olujulileyo.

wesifunda eduze

Scuba usebenza kanje: diver exhales emoyeni, okuyinto kusetshenzwe - zihlanjululwa carbon-dioxide ayegcwele oksijini, sebenzi whereupon it uyaphinda efanelekayo ukuphefumula. Izinzuzo ohlelweni:

• isisindo ongaphakeme;
• imishini ezincane usayizi;
• mhlawumbe ngena ajulileyo,
• It enikeziwe kokuhlala isikhathi eside ngaphansi kwamanzi diver;
• kungenzeka ngoba diver ukuhlala engabonwa.

Lolu hlobo imishini yakhelwe ezingeni lelisetulu ukuqeqeshwa, Wabasaqalayo ukusebenzisa is hhayi Kunconywa. I yokuntula kohlelo zihlanganisa ukudayiswa kwayo ngemali eyifanele abalulekile.

wesifunda semi avaliwe

Umgomo we operation njalo kwesimiso esinjalo - hybrid lezifunda ovulekile futhi avaliwe. Ingxenye ukuxubana kabusha is ahlanganiswe oksijini, ngemva kwalokho kuba futhi iyatholakala ukuphefumula, futhi ngokweqile yayo excreted ku imvelo. Kulokhu, ezahlukene ukucwiliswa ukujula kuhilela ukusetshenziswa ezihlukahlukene zokuphefumula igesi cocktail ngoba ukuphefumula.

amandla redundant

abatshuzi Abaningi mini-Aqualung isetshenziswa njengoba ethangini eyisipele. Mini imodeli - uhlelo compact ukuphefumula ngaphansi kwamanzi ngesikhathi ukujula encane. Kuhlanganisa gearbox nge isetshenziswa kanye midget ithangi nge emoyeni. air ivolumu amazinga zincike ngabanye izici diver.

Ukusetshenziswa ukuntweza igiya

Scuba kusiza umuntu ukuba akwazi ukubhukuda ngaphansi kwamanzi khulula. Isidingo ukuhamba ngaso sonke isikhathi phansi noma ahlale esesikhundleni uqotho. Lokhu kungenxa ebanzi isicelo imishini abatshuzi nje kuphela kodwa futhi bezithombe, abalungisi bethempeli, abavubukuli, ichthyologists, umfutholuketshezi nabathwebuli, nabanye.

Abantu abaningi bazama ukwenza ukuntweza okuzenzela izandla zami siqu. Into esishukumisela ukuba senze isinqumo esinjalo kungaba isifiso ukulondoloza imali, futhi uthando angenakuvinjelwa lokusungula lobuchwepheshe. abasebenzisi Network bamagange ukutshela amathiphu kanye neseluleko mayelana ukukhiqizwa idivayisi ekhaya.

"Sparks": okuzenzela ukuntweza igiya kusukela isilinda igesi

Uzodinga:

• Oxygen amasilinda, metal-esiyinhlanganisela, steel emoyeni nge-oksijini umugqa cutoff valve (inkokhelo yesenzo esithize) bese ukuhlanekezela ukushaja valve. Umthamo ngamunye: 4 L, isisindo: 4,200, ingcindezi: 150 ibha.
• Aircraft umoya-mpilo ne-valve
• okuzenzela ligcina uthi lokuphotha luzungeza.
• Reducer kusuka izihlalo izindiza ejection.
• Soviet igesi reducer for propane.
• Homemade entwasahlobo steel insimbi engagqwali wire nabanye.

Indlela yokwenza?

1. Sikakhiye axhunyiwe abanezinto zokugawula ezibukhali insimbi engagqwali (ingenziwa amathangi we umshini wokuwasha). Phakathi Balloons afakwa faka ezenziwe ngokjuni, limbozwa ngendwangu phezu epoxy abanzima upende PF. Ikhava igiya yamba izimbobo, ukuze stagnate amanzi.
2. kusebenze Automatic ohlelweni-mpilo iyasuswa. isigwedlo egibele nge Cotter.
3. Umlawuli Homemade ngoba ukuntweza zingenziwa valve impumuzo exhunywe kwi-gearbox entwasahlobo engagqwali wire kanye nekhava duralumin nge ingono yokuxhuma umshini ophumayo wamaphaphu. Ingabe igiya olungisiwe (ukubeka ingcindezi - 6.5 ibha).
4. umshini yamaphaphu ingenziwa Soviet igesi igiya. Esikhathini bezinhlamvu 2 isidingo ufake kufaneleka eyenziwe duralumin tube (ubukhulu - 16.5 mm). Ngo komunye wawo isetshenziswa ukuze ukunqanda ipuleti engagqwali. Enye nokunamathisela textolite ingilazi nge valve ezizenza igesi. Uma valve fungal ngokushesha ehluleka, kumele eyenziwe kwagcizelela iraba inkomishi (kungenziwa usike ezazivela eSoviet himkomplekta izicathulo nesembozo) umshudo nge nut yokuphepha valve ngqo sehhashi. Esikhundleni uxhumano kufaneleka ubudala eyenziwe duralumin entsha, okuyinto ethe njo epoxy esikhundleni esidala. I ububanzi we esihlalweni valve - 2.5 mm.
5. Ukuze aphebeze lokho amandla kuvulwa emoyeni onomfutho e cap isethwe okuzenzela entwasahlobo edonsa, okuyinto abambelele phezulu esivalweni pin ovundlile.
6. Ulwelwesi wenziwe irabha efanayo izicathulo izembozo. It ukusetha puck nge isisindo encane ukuqeda vibration ngesikhathi ugqozi. I pad ungakwazi dweba umphini ephefumula phezu ngesivinini ngesandla lokukhuhla iraba ucezu.
7. Yamaphaphu othomathikhi kokuqina imishudo ezintathu. ngisho ngesandla some, baphumula kahle bakwazi ukugcina ulwelwesi. Ingxenye engezansi umshini wamaphaphu letengetiwe imishini induduzo isicelo ifakwe ipuleti eyenziwe engagqwali izipikili steel, okuyinto efakwe ngaphansi kwesilevu.
8. Ezizibeni ehlombe zenziwa inayiloni njengemodemu izingcezu ngaphandle ukulungiswa ngenxa yokungabi bikho isidingo. Ibhande okhalweni lingabe bopha okusheshayo-ukukhululwa.

incazelo yi

Emhlanganweni we-10 ukuphakama-scuba ukujula ivumela ukwenza onzima (edonsa phansi imfucumfucu noma ukubhukuda okusheshayo) ngaphandle komoya ukuntula umphumela. It is hhayi ifakwe inkinobho ingashiswa, kodwa ngaphandle kungenzeka ukwenza. Yamaphaphu umshini isidingo ukuba ubukele kuphela isicelo sokuqala, bese ukubeka ukunyakaza okungenani wenza valve inspiratory. Isebenza endaweni ukucindezela 6-7 ibha. Imizamo donsa kwachazwa ngokuthi iyamukeleka ngempela, afana AVM-5. Isisindo - 300 g Ixhuma hose ngaphandle pads, ngosizo uxhumano oyindilinga. Idivayisi engasindi kakhulu (mayelana 11.5 kg), icwecwe futhi ovikelekile. Awunazo ubuncane ingcindezi pointer.

Enye samuntu ngokurhaba Scuba igesi amasilinda

1. Lungiselela ibhaluni. Sebenzisa umthamo isitsha 22 amalitha, kuye ngokuthi okuthandayo. Ungasebenzisa 2 amasilinda ku 4,7-7 amalitha. Ukuze uthole diving amasudi ezivamile ukuvuleka 200 ibha, ngoba lobuchwepheshe - 300 ibha.
2. Lungiselela reducer ingcindezi, okufanayo ingcindezi isilinda.
3. Xhuma igiya nge ibhaluni. Qinisekisa ukuthi ingcindezi azifaka khona 6-11 ibha ephakeme kunaleyo ingcindezi kuma.
4. Xhuma hose ingcindezi reducer ukuba hose enamathiselwe funa valve. Uma isebenza kahle futhi ukugwema ingcindezi oluhambisana ingcindezi ambient iphutha master ophansi.
5. Namathisela nabalawuli. Inombolo yabo incike imisebenzi. Ukuze uthole diving yokuzithokozisa kuhlelwe kudingeka 2 abalawuli: okuyinhloko kanye nebhekhaphu.
6. Setha BCD (ayidingekile for ukusebenza ngendlela efanele ye Aqualung, kodwa kwenza kube diving lula futhi kuphephe).
7. Pump up isigujana somoya-mpilo bese uhlole uhlelo ababebuthene. Uma zonke izinto axhunyiwe kahle futhi umshini usebenza, kufanele kube ngowokuqala test dive ku ukujula abangelutho. Uma kuphumelele, ukuntweza angabhekwa isilungele ukusetshenziswa.

Aqualung Homemade kusuka mlilo

1. Ukusebenzisa isilinda carbon dioxide mlilo (ingcindezi - 150 ibha, umthamo - 5 amalitha isisindo - mayelana 7.5 kg)
2. Valve kuyadingeka ukuze ugaye ukuma isiyingi, screwed phakathi kufaneleka ezimise T-(ibhaluni kusuka esihlalweni ejection), okumele ifakwe valve ukushaja.
3. It efakwe amapuleti duralumin ezimbili, ahlanganisiwe.
4. Baqinisa reducer, okuyinto kuyisinyathelo sesibili umoya-mpilo igiya reworked kusukela ejection esihlalweni (siphela 8 ibha).
5. Manufactured ekhaya wenza valve ukuphepha, ububanzi we ulwelwesi kuyehla ngokusebenzisa 2 amapuleti.
6. Manufactured reducer umphini esihlalweni ubukhulu 1, 2 mm airbag umphini (fluoroplastic), ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukwenza ezinye ngaphezulu izinguquko ezincane.
7. umshini yamaphaphu efana imodeli ezichazwe ngenhla (bheka "inhlansi" iphrofayli :. ukuntweza Homemade kusukela isilinda igesi "). Isetshenziswa umzimba kusuka kwenye igiya, kanye valve ezenziwe ekhaya futhi umoya nomoya. Ibhaluni is kuvikelwe nge izibopho duralumin ngemuva-fiberglass.

yi

Idivayisi kuwumsebenzi futhi okuthembekile elingenazinkinga. Inkinga eyinhloko yesondlo - ukugqwala dural igiya izindlu amanzi anosawoti. kunconywa ukusebenzisa abicah amafutha ukuxazulula le nkinga. Okokusebenza hhayi ifakwe gauge ingcindezi, akukho izihlungi (ungasebenzisa tube USiphon ku ethangini izimbobo ezincane ekupheleni). Isisindo - 9.5 kg.

Kuyi-Internet, zikhona ezinye izinketho onobuhle ezenziwe ekhaya ka-scuba isicisha-mlilo.

inketho №1

• Idivayisi yazalwa isilinda - owamukelayo (2 L) kusukela mlilo.
• Kunqotshwa esifubeni.
• Kunalokho, isilawuli isebenzisa okuzenzela pnevmoknopka okuphakelayo inhlukano emoyeni ukuze umoya.
• Idivayisi ifakwe valve isheke, okuyinto enquma umugqa emoyeni uma kwenzeka uqhekeko hose, lo Element emoyeni.
• Ayikho gearbox is ngakho wasebenzisa ukuze kukhawulwe ka dive ukujula.
• Ulwelwesi ngazo ku entwasahlobo valve esihlalweni. Uma ucindezela isigwedlo iziphakamisile futhi emoyeni iya emoyeni. Umoya akhiqizwa ngamanzi esebenzisa valve qeda.
• I moya Kwenziwa ebusweni uMbhalo ezokuthutha besikhundla Welding afika ku 40 amalitha. Ukuze ama-apharathasi exhunywe umshini wamaphaphu.
• Njengoba unamathele ingalo pnevmoknopka izinkinobho elula ukuthi kufanele Esandleni sakho. Hand kancane akhululwa futhi isetshenziswa ukwenza noma yimuphi - noma yimuphi umsebenzi.

okufana №2

• Zifakwe kusukela isilinda isicisha-mlilo (1.5 L).
• Idivayisi isebenzisa ibhukwana okuphakelayo uhlelo umoya.
• Imishini ifakwe valve - pnevmoknopkoy, valve futhi igiya.
• Siqukethe tube kufaneleka screwed we mlilo, lapho epulasitiki valve reverse, yayicindezele isihlalo tapered futhi isiphethu onomfutho emoyeni. On umoya umzimba tube ne ulwelwesi kanye stud ngokucindezela phezu valve epulasitiki. Ngemuva kuyinto isigwedlo eklanyelwe ucindezela umunwe.
• Umoya owayephuma kusuka kudivayisi sidlula ithiphu uketshezi (ubukhulu - 2 mm), kwalandela ephefumula e isetshenziswa. Umoya kudluliselwa valve.
• Isisindo ibhande ilula ngempela okwenza. Made amasilinda phambili, ukhonkolo duralumin tube ne umqhewu longitudinal. Ziphethe okuzenzela okusheshayo-ukukhululwa bopha.

Ukusebenza endaweni ephephile imishini akunakungatshazwa, kodwa yinkinga ivaliwe plastic valve ekuvaleni isilinda

Indlela yokwenza ukuntweza igiya aphume ibhodlela?

I-intanethi inikela iziyalezo zendlela ukwenza okuzenzela ukuntweza igiya aphume ibhodlela. Ngokusho akwethule umbhali, ungasebenzisa sprayer esetshenziswa ukulima. Indlela elula ukuyithola esitolo okukhethekile for balimi. Lapho iziqukathi ngokukhetha akufanele makudle amabhodlela likhulu kakhulu: zingabantu kakhulu "silingo" phezulu.

Uzodinga:

• sishaye (futha isinyathelo);
• hose nezimo (plastic);
• U-tube esetshenziselwa diving;
• esitsheni (ibhodlela).

ubuchwepheshe:

1. Okokuqala, asuse limiter ukufakwa sprayer. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi okuningi lomoya ephuma sprayer.
2. Phezu hose sprayer welulela, uphawu ngokucophelela ne abicah noma i-glue hot.
3. Ezansi ipayipi kwamanzi efakwe ikhava ibhodlela plastic, imbobo pre-yamba of ubukhulu hose.
4. Hose ufakwa imbobo, ethe njo ngokucophelela, ababekwa uphawu. + ukuntweza ayinzima ngomumo.

Umgomo we operation

Ibhodlela ixhunywe futha isinyathelo sprayer futhi ugcwele emoyeni. Umthamo 330 ml nomoya imivimbo 50. Lokhu nenani air kwanele ukuqedela umoya ezine. umthamo Okukhulu kufanele ifakwe umthwalo, njengoba nomoya ukuze ukuntanta phezulu ibhodlela. Ukuze kukhishwe emoyeni kusukela ibhodlela, kwanele ukuba ucindezele inkinobho ohambelana phezu isibhamu spray.

isiphetho

ukuntweza Independent ukukhiqizwa ngeke wonge imali futhi unikeze ithuba lokubona noma injabulo elingenakuqhathaniswa iqhaza kunqubo. Ukuze siqinisekise ukuphepha ezimpilweni zabo kanye nezempilo wezingcweti kudingeka ngokuqinile athobele imiyalelo.