Broken amafasitela theory. eyeza nezazi zezinkanyezi ezikhuluma ngokwengqondo

eyeza nezazi zezinkanyezi ezikhuluma Psychological of interest eziningi, njengoba ngqo uxhumana ukuphila. Ziqukethe i ukujula amazing kanye gqamisa ezisiza embula umsuka ukuphikisana okuphawulekayo emphakathini. Broken amafasitela ithiyori - ngempela umqondo esiyingqayizivele owembula ukuhlobana izinga lokuhleleka kanye ubugebengu. Lesi sihloko sizosisiza kube nentshisekelo abezenhlalakahle, zezenhlalo, bonke abasebenza nabantu unesithakazelo enhlalakahleni yedolobha kanye nasezweni lonke.

Umlando omncane

Phakathi nawo-80s New York yayiyisikhungo zobugebengu. Rudolf Dzhuliani isungule izindlela zokubhekana nayo izaphula-mthetho, kodwa inani labo anda kuphela isikhathi. Broken amafasitela theory (New York waba umuntu ongokoqobo futhi ngokudabukisayo isiqinisekiso) iye nje isuke ibangelwa ukuphila ngokwako. Ubugebengu liye landa usuku nosuku ngenxa nemibandela sinakho.

Ingqikithi yalo umqondo

Broken amafasitela theory ukuthi owasungulwa abacwaningi ababili - George Kelling futhi James Wilson. Umqondo ngokwayo simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako: imithetho nemitheshwana ukusiza lula ukuphila kwabo. Ukungabi oda, ukusabalala esiphithiphithini ikhuthaza ukukhula nokuthuthuka ubugebengu. Kungaphawulwa ukuthi uma endaweni ethile yedolobha Kumelwe uqale ndawana thile esizilahlayo, ngokushesha nabantu ezizungezile, oyakukwenza futhi. Lesi sifo ivame ukusakaza. Uma endlini ethile akumiseleli ifasitela eliphukile ngesikhathi, kukhona njalo ematfuba ukuthi ngesikhathi esifushane nabanye kuyokwenziwa zonakaliswe.

Komuntu kuhlelwe ngendlela yokuthi kube njalo sifuna izindlela ezintsha. Abantu bafuna ukwazi okungaziwa, ukuba bathole ulwazi. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ngayinye idinga ukwesekwa ethize futhi bahlanganyele impumelelo kwabanye. Uma ngosuku umuntu ngokubukela yesiphithiphithi noma nje ophilayo ngefasitela ngosuku ke, imizwa ngaleso sikhathi uye kwakhiwa negative ezibanga wesabela impilo futhi zokungazimiseli ulandele injongo kwangaphakathi. eyeza nezazi zezinkanyezi ezikhuluma kwenqondo ezifana lawa i ubufakazi obengeziwe ukuthi.

experiment

ithiyori Criminological, njenganoma iyiphi enye, kuncike isiqinisekiso. Kwamanye amadolobha, olwenziwa ucwaningo enokwehla, okuyinto kuphela waqinisekisa ukuba khona lokhu ubuhlobo. Kwenzeka kanjani ukuba la abacwaningi? Banikela yokuhlanza esiphezulu endaweni esetshenziswa ngokushesha ungcolisa. Lapho futhi ushintsho ebonakalayo sidaliwe isimo ubumsulwa, ziye zabonakala. Abedlula ngendlela kungukuthi uphonsa udoti ungene komgandayo futhi usebenzise isitsha.

Uma imfucuza babe ngqo phambi kwabo, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi bonke abanye wayeyoqhubeka udoti. Isicelo esiwusizo kwemfundiso yokuziphendukela uyakufakazela ukubaluleka kwayo. Namuhla kuyiqiniso efakazelwe.

Isikhala lapho umuntu usebenza

Iningi lethu akhononde umsebenzi non-elikhiqizayo, ukusebenza ukulahlekelwa, kodwa konke kuncike kithi. Uma umuntu efuna ukuze zithole imiphumela emihle, kungcono ukuhlela isikhathi ukusebenza kanye isikhala. Okuzungezile kungabikho izinto ekuphazamisayo. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu, kungcono ukusebenza kwehhovisi. Labo abenza imisebenzi esikude, kuqala isandla isipiliyoni nenkimbinkimbi self-inhlangano nokulawula. Isicelo esiwusizo kwemfundiso yokuziphendukela kuboniswe ngenhla kubonisa ukuthi ukuba khona kwabantu iyala senzo konke.

Ubugebengu ngenxa

Uma ucabangela noma yiliphi icala ngenxa yalokho, lapho indoda ngokwakhe unika, kuvela ukuthi ephukile amafasitela ithiyori - lokhu mshini wezenzo. Inqubo kwabangela ukuba lithathe isinyathelo ngenxa inhlangano engqondweni yomuntu futhi kugucuka izithombe. Uma sibona eduze kwabanye abantu ngamunye engaphansi (yotshwala, isibonelo), khona-ke kancane kancane baqala zilulaza ngokwabo. Esimweni lapho eduze nendlu njalo aphonswe udoti, ubuchopho bakho ekugcineni izoba ukujwayela leli isignali futhi ngeke akubheka ngayo njengoba okuthile okuyihlazo. Ngenxa yalokho, umuntu uqala ukuba baziphathe njenganoma yimuphi omunye umuntu.

Kususelwa isitatimende esingenhla, singaphetha ngokuthi ubugebengu nalo senziwa iziphi izici zangaphandle. Esimweni esikhululekile kanye nobungane ndawo ukuthatha ubudlova futhi kobushiqela. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho kukhona isiphithiphithi sifo, okuningi engase yenzeke kulowo mcimbi ubugebengu. Ngezinye izikhathi ubumnyama ngokwabo kuphakamisa nemiphumela engathandeki. Lapho umuntu uzizwa ephephile, lapho ngaphakathi wanelisa, ekhululekile. Lowo njalo uhlangabezana ukukhathazeka, ivaliwe, osolisayo, esabe yokuveza imizwa yabo, ube nemfihlo. Crime kute nasinye sono abantu abacebile bajabule. Inkulumo Echaza Isimo Sezwe ukwaneliseka kwangaphakathi futhi ubuqotho ngeke sivumele ukuba eqele ngalé uhlaka social. abantu disharmonious kuphela uzame ukuba baphikise ukhanda, ukulalela wona. Izigebengu ngokuvamile wakhubeka ngalesi umhlaba wonke, futhi imisebenzi yabo abe uhlobo wokukhalela usizo, bafuna baboniseni umphakathi obabheka ngayo.

Yini Malcolm Gladwell

Owaziwa umbhali Canadian futhi intatheli, encwadini yakhe ethi "The Isimo Point" uphawula ukuthi umuntu uyakwazi ukungasinaki umbono weningi, hhayi ngoba ufuzo ezimbi. Baningi amacala kanye namacala ngenxa yokuthi abantu baye babona isikhathi eside eduze udlame noma unya, futhi mhlawumbe ngokwabo baba yizisulu ezinye izenzo.

ukubaluleka Elikhulu abantu zonke izinto akubonayo nakuzwayo emzungezile. Njengoba okuningi njengoba sifuna ukuveza ubuntu babo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi Detach ngokwakho kusuka imvelo sabantu abangakwazi ezingemnandi kithi, kodwa akukho lapho angikwazi ukubalekela umthelela ukuthi esinayo abantu. Yilokhu siphukile amafasitela theory. Incwadi nguMalcolm Gladwell ugcizelela amandla kwakuwukuthi equlekile ukuba iningi umthelela kanye imvelo ku ukwakha ubuntu. Uma ingane ikhula ngaphansi kwesimo uthando futhi ukwamukela imibono yakhe kwabanye, abazali bavame ukuba bamnikeze okungcono kunakho konke, khona-ke ngokuqinisekile ukuthuthukisa abantu bazizwe besekhaya indawo womphakathi lapho sebevuselwe.

Le ndoda omncane kakade ekubeni ingxenye yalesi simiso. Kuleso simo, uma kuziwa endaweni enobutha, yakheke ubuntu ekuqaleni kunemaphutsa lumenze angakwazi ukwamukela yena kweqiniso. Umuntu onjalo, ngokuzithandela noma cha aphume nokuthukuthela, nobubi, kodwa libuhlungu abanye abantu, kubenza bahlupheke. Futhi zonke ngoba akufundile kusukela ebuntwaneni iphethini enezinkinga yokuziphatha, mina ugxile kube yena. Izehlakalo emndenini futhi khona njalo inhlamba awayona ingozi kwabo ziyingozi umphumela yabo ebuhlungu has ku psyche wengane.

Kuyini ukuhleleka ezibalulekile

Ukuze enembile, oda kubalulekile kuyo yonke into. Okokuqala, kudingeka ukukhathalela indlela yokuqoqa indawo lapho Usicitsa ngosuku. Uma flat, kunengqondo ngandlela-thile avumelana isikhala, ukuhlobisa it. Kufanele nijabule yonke into oluvimbe nhla: Ingaphakathi elingaphandle, umkhathi endlini, isimo sabo sengqondo siqu, ubudlelwano bakho nabantu obathandayo. Uma kungenjalo, yonke imizamo ukuba zijabule futhi oludonsa kungaqedwa efana insipho Bubbles. Broken amafasitela theory usibonisa nemiphumela kobuhlobo inharmonious komuntu yedwa kanye nabanye.

Ngeshwa, imvelo lapho umuntu eqhubeka, kakhulu kuthinta wakhe. Asikwazi ukuphila ngaphandle komphakathi. I-oda kubaluleke kakhulu imicabango yami, nezenzo zomuntu. Kusukela lokho inhloso umuntu has incike ukuzihlonipha kanye nesifiso ukufeza imigomo ngabanye. Lapho kahle eqhulwini, into efunekayo. Isilinganiso umuntu ukukhathazeka uhlale usesimweni yokukhathazeka, yena kakwazi ukuthi njani ukuze uphumule futhi baphumule. Ukuziphatha okunjalo ngezinye izikhathi uyakwazi ngokwalo iyisiphazamiso abalulekile engqondweni nokuphazamiseka.

Kucaca kanye nekutfolakala ukungaguquguquki

Broken amafasitela theory, okuyinto rebuttal awuzange emelelwa kuze kube manje, yebo, ngumqondo eqinile, ngoba kusekelwe amaqiniso angempela. Ngoba noma yini ibhizinisi uthatha, kufanele ukhumbule njalo ukuthi kubalulekile ukuya ekugcineni. Kodwa abaningi bayeke indlela nengxenye kusukela umgomo wakhe futhi akazami ukuba enze isinyathelo esinqala sokusho ngokucacile ekufezeni iphupho!

Cabanga phezu kusengaphambili ukulandelana izinyathelo ukuthi siyaphi ukwenza. A nombono ocacile isimo, ikhono ukuhlela ibhizinisi kuzosiza ukuqonda izimpikiswano eziningi eziyinkimbinkimbi. Lapho kukhona inqubekela-phambili futhi lizibeka ngokucacile izinyathelo eziqondile, kubalulekile ukuba bangabuyeli kusuka isiqondiso kusengaphambili. uhambo lakho angase abe nenye incazelo ephakeme, kodwa uma uvumela ngiphendukele kolunye okungalungile, ukubuya kungaba eside kakhulu.

esikhundleni isiphetho

Broken amafasitela theory wuhlelo enamandla ngenxa ukuvumelana yomuntu ezingeni emphakathini. Phela, ucabangela kuphela abantu njengoba umuntu, ungakwazi ukuqonda izinhloso zayo zangempela kanye nezifiso. Wonke umuntu ufuna ukugonwa mathupha, ahluke. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kudingeka ufunde ukuhlonipha abanye, ukwamukela kubo, ngokuba ngubani abayikho ngempela.