Izinketho imali ukuze athole inzuzo. Zonke amathuluzi ekhona utshalomali

Zonke izinhlobo izindlela imali ukuze uthole inzuzo atholakale wonke umuntu uye wakwazi ukwakha base ezithile nsiza. Ubunzima ukwenza ukukhetha kwesokudla niche kanye nenkampani ethile ngokukhethekile. Ukuze ulondoloze imali yabo bese ngibandise, ufanele ukwazi ukuhlola imiklamo ehlukahlukene kutshalozimali kanye ingxenye akhethiwe wemakethe iyonke.

izimali Evumayo utshalomali

Labo uhlose hhayi kuphela ukujabulela yokuthi nokutshalwa kwezimali dolobha zanqwabelana, kodwa futhi uthole isithakazelo ophanayo, kufanele acabangele elula ambalwa, kodwa izimiso ephumelela kakhulu.

Ngokuyinhloko kuyinto ehlukahlukene engenayo. Ngamanye amazwi, imithombo ukuthi ukhiqize kwemali, kufanele kube khona eziningana. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukunciphisa izingozi imali onzima, njengoba wazi, is ngenakugwemeka.

Owenza i iphothifoliyo utshalomali Kufanele kwaziwe kodwa ukuthi iphesenti amathuluzi ephezulu kufanele kube isabelo kulencane. Ukunakwa main kumele zikhokhelwe izindawo esitebeleni kunazo ukutshalwa kwezimali, okuyinto uma engalethi inzuzo ngokweqile, kodwa abe ezingeni eliphansi ingozi.

Izinhlobo ezinkulu ukutshalwa kwezimali

Uma sikhuluma utshalomali ngempumelelo izimali, kubalulekile ekuqaleni ukuhlonza izindawo ezibalulekile okungase kube efanele zimali:

- Investment ekukhiqizeni entsha. Kumayelana ukuqala ibhizinisi elisha, noma inqubo kabusha ekhona. Inketho yokugcina lubalulekile uma ufuna ukungena izimakethe ezintsha noma ukuqala ukukhiqizwa noma yimuphi umkhiqizo.

- Ukutshala imali inkampani yangaphandle - okubizwa ngokuthi ukulingana iqhaza.

- Ukunwetshwa production ezifuywayo bese kukhuphula ukusebenza ngendlela yayo.

- Kusisa amafa angaphatheki. Kulokhu-ke kubalulekile ukuba baqonde ukutshalwa kwezimali e izinto ezifana zokuhweba, ilayisense, copyright, kanye namanye amalungelo obunikazi.

- ukutshalwa Net, okuyinto ngokuyisisekelo yangempela yokufuna inkampani entsha.

- ukutshalwa Gross. Kumayelana nokuxhumana ukuze iqoqo elilodwa reinvestment kanye nokutshalwa net. Inhloso yalesi iqhinga kuyinto wokutholakala kumiswa izisetshenziswa ezingeziwe ukwenziwa, okuzokwenza ukusekela ezimpahleni ezingasuki phansi inhlangano.

- Izimali utshalomali sinombono inzuzo ingase ihlanganise sisebenze amaphrojekthi ibhizinisi, kanye ekuqaleni abantu abadala.

- Ungakhohlwa mayelana ikusasa futhi ongakhetha.

- Ukunakwa futhi uyakufanelekela izibopho, emalini ezifakwa emabhange.

- Kunengqondo ukutshala e izinsimbi eziyigugu, mutual funds kanye ingcebo.

- Kulabo abasebenza ukuthatha izingozi, ngeke yini ukusondela PAMM-akhawunti emakethe lwemali.

Esikhathini izigaba ezilandelayo, ezinye zalezi zindawo kuzoxoxwa kabanzi.

amaphrojekthi Venture bese uqale-ups

Uma zama ukuthola izimali enenzuzo kakhulu, kufanele uqale kusukela ukuthi ingxenye. Lolu hlobo utshalomali lihlotshaniswa ngezinga eliphezulu ingozi. Kulokhu kuyoba inzuzo enkulu, noma lutho. zimali abahlukahlukene ngezikhathi ukutshala kulezi zindawo, kodwa abazalwa baqonde ukuthi ungalahlekelwa zonke izimali eziye esiphathiswe umyalo zokuqala ethize.

Kodwa uma ukutshalwa yimpumelelo ukuzithethelela ngokuphindaphindiwe. Kulabo abafisa ukuhlola umqondo wabo ibhizinisi kule ndawo, kukhona ekhethekile exchange zokuqala, okuyinto ethulwa ezihlukahlukene amaphrojekthi ezidinga uxhaso.

Venture ukutshalwa kungase kuhlanganise izimali utshalomali sinombono ayisizi izimali utshalomali, okuyinto yena, ukwenza ngaphandle ukuhanjiswa imali abayithole ezihlukahlukene zomculo ketshezi.

Kukhona futhi izimali umshwalense ukonga ezisebenza ngempumelelo ngaphansi ukuphathwa kohlelo kwempahla futhi inikeza zimali nge ithuba lokuthola iphesenti esimisiwe izimali ezitshaliwe.

PAMM

Uma sicabangela inzuzo ngezimali iningi ke udinga ukubhekana isihloko PAMM-akhawunti, njengoba bayakwazi ukhiqize engenayo sezingeni eliphezulu. Kodwa kuyiqiniso futhi Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi inqubo kumiswa ukugeleza zezimali kuyingozi. Eqinisweni, le ingenye amathuluzi ezivamile lekusisa ezimakethe zezimali.

Abatshali bezimali kuleli cala, ukuthola imali imisebenzi zokucabangela ukuthi lwenziwa Ngamanye amazwi okungokwakho kuhlala, onikezwe futhi uphathiswe imali etshaliwe. Ngokuvamile, ukuhweba ezimakethe zezimali ukubhekana abahwebi abanolwazi abanikela izibalo ukuhweba evulekile, zimali wakwazi ukuhlola izingozi ezingaba khona.

Ngenxa yalokho, imali ukuze uthole inzuzo kule ingxenye ehilela ukukhetha yokusebenzelana isikhungo enikeza akhawunti PAMM, kanye abadayisi ngamunye, okuzokwenza uthembeke ngokwanele ukuba uphathe izimali zakhe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo akhawunti enjalo entry kanye ophumayo imithetho ehambisana ngqo nensiza. Lawa kwale mibandela elandelayo:

- kwesikhathi lapho inzuzo esinqunyiwe (ukubala isikhathi);

- inani lemali elincane utshalomali;

- Isilinganiso sekhomishini ukuthi abadayisi uthola;

- izimo ukuhoxiswa yenziwe ngaphansi kwazo.

Ezimweni eziningi, zimali bahlola izikhundla eziningana, ngokukhetha abahwebi babe okuyingozi ngaphezulu, kodwa isu inzuzo, futhi lezo akhawunti ayinawo isibalo esikhulu, kodwa uzinzile.

izibopho

Leli thuluzi nakanjani ukuzicabangela. Kulokhu sikhuluma nefomu ethize izibopho umboleki sika zimali. Ekhuluma ewukuhlakanipha okwenziwe the ababoleka ngokuvamile zenza izinkampani ezidinga amathuluzi athile. Bathatha imali zimali ngenzalo isikhathi esithile. In ukubuya, abatshalizimali ukuthola izibopho, eqinisekisa izimali zabo kanye eminye ukubuyela iphesenti isilungisiwe.

Noma yimuphi inkampani eqhuba ngaphansi kohlelo uqinisekisa nokukhokhwa impahla siqu yemukela inkece. Uma ugxile Ngokwesilinganiso, inzalo phezu izibopho kuyoba kusukela ngomhlaka 8 kuya 12% ngonyaka. Okunjalo ithuluzi utshalomali ayikwazi lichazwa ngokuthi utshalomali best imali eningi, kodwa ilungelo khona, ufanelwe ke, ngoba ezingeni eliphezulu ngokuthembeka. Ngokuphathelene inzuzo net, kwanele ukumboza wenzuzo, kancane kancane ukwandisa dolobha yalo.

ukwabelana

Enye indlela ukuba azale ande imithombo yezimali kuyinto ukutshala imali izibambiso. Ngokuthenga amasheya, abatshali unelungelo lobunikazi ingxenye inkampani, okuyinto wathenga iphepha fanele. Ingqikithi yemali ulula: kubalulekile ukuba ubuyekeze iziphakamiso ezimakethe zamasheya bese ukhetha inkampani ethembisayo, okuyinto kulindeleke ukuba akhule. Ukutshala amasheya zinkampani zikwazi bathembele liyanda lenani zabo, futhi ngenxa yalokho kungenzeka ukuthengisa izibambiso ngentengo ephakeme.

Kodwa kulokhu, kukhona izingozi ezithile. Ngokuyinhloko, lokhu kwehla enanini ukwabelana, okuyinto kwakuyosho ukulahlekelwa imali. Omunye ithuba ngithi goodbye kuya izimali ebiyelwe - inkampani okuzenzakalelayo elikhiphe amasheya. Ngakho-ke, inqubo intelligence ngaphambi ukuthengwa izibambiso kufanele aphathwe kahle kakhulu.

Njengoba omunye umthombo imali eyengeziwe esimweni ukwabelana, ngaphezu ukwanda izindleko zabo, kungenzeka ukunquma nokukhokhwa izinzuzo, okuyinto oluqanjwe ngonyaka. usayizi wabo cishe 0.5-1% wamasheya.

Izimali ezilinganayo

Uma ucabangela ezihlukahlukene izimali izindlela zokutshala izimali, akufanele sikhohlwe mutual funds. Ingqikithi wabo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inani elithile abahlanganyeli united emitfonjeni yawo yetimali for yokufuna amafa ahlukahlukene kuhlanganise izibopho kanye namasheya. Kulokhu, kukhona umphathi sikhwama, ngubani, ngemakhono kwesokudla, ihlinzeka utshalomali abanekhono futhi inzuzo kwezimali aphathiswa amafa efanele.

Futhi e-Europe, futhi bekulokhu kubhekwa, futhi nenombolo yabo njalo ezikhulayo e-United States lezi zinkampani. Leli thuluzi lomculo utshalomali kunezinzuzo eziningana esobala:

- Okokuqala, it is a obala okuphelele kwazo zonke izinqubo. ngokuhlanganyela uhlelo utshalomali kuhilela yokubika okuqhubekayo kokubili yilabo abatshala izimali, nezinhlangano enifeza amasheke umsebenzi. Lo mbiko unikeza ulwazi imisebenzi kanye ukuthengiselana ehilela amafa isikhwama sika.

- Asikho isidingo yokufuna ngezezimali kulabo ukutshala mutual funds. Kunalokho, abatshalizimali bazothini abasebenzi inkampani ukuphathwa, okuyinto yena, abe ziqu okusezingeni eliphezulu.

- Gcina isikhathi. -Zimali ngubani uqoke mutual funds, akudingekile ukuba sihlaziye ezimakethe zamasheya, lokumba ibhizinisi inkampani ethile kanye ukuba bahlole isimo.

Nge izinzuzo ezinjalo mutual funds kungenziwa ngokuphepha ibekwe esigabeni "inzuzo izimali kakhulu utshalomali", njengoba akuvumeli kuphela ukunikeza imali ozinzile futhi ephakeme, kodwa asidingi iqhaza wemali, ukukhulula isikhathi izinsiza ukwenza ezinye izinto.

izinsimbi eziyigugu

Lesi sigaba of izimali kufanele kubhekwe eceleni, ngoba ithinta abanye umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama ebalulekile. Okokuqala kuyafaneleka ukuthi ngaphansi izinsimbi eziyigugu kumele aqondwe igolide, isiliva, palladium kanye platinum.

Bona angathengwa ngesimo imigoqo kanye zemali, kanye nalokho okuthiwa metallic umhlobiso ku-akhawunti yasebhange.

Uma ucabangela ithemba yokuzuza bullion, kubalulekile ukuba banake Code Tax we Russian Federation. Iqiniso lokuthi umthetho ichaza Amabha njengoba impahla, okusho ukuthi uma ukudayiswa bayokwazi ukukhokha VAT. Lokhu lezimanga abagcini lapho: lapho uzama ukuthengisa bullion ukuze zimali yasebhange ebhekene isidingo akhokhe 13% i-income tax.

indlela Okuningi inzuzo ukuthenga lasetulu kanye zemali esiyisikhumbuzo. Bobabili babe baningi ngokwanele futhi ukuba uthole ngendlela engaguquguquki ngokukhula kwemali yebhizinisi okungaphezu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ukuthengisa ngeke kufanele ukhokhe VAT, nakuba intela engenayo ngeke zibe khona zigwenywe.

Isiphetho ilula: libheka izindlela ezahlukene imali imali igolide nezinye izinsimbi eziyigugu, ukunakekelwa okufanele ikhokhwe ngokuyinhloko zemali. Kodwa uma zimali sikhathazeka kakhulu ekulondolozweni imithombo yayo, kungcono ukuthatha ithuba sivule i-akhawunti i-ayilondoloze ebhange.

Ungakhetha futhi akhawunti "engenabuntu" metal, okuyinto ngokuyisisekelo wenza umsebenzi idiphozi, kodwa esikhundleni lwemali esetshenziswa izinsimbi eziyigugu.

Ungase futhi ukutshala izibambiso ukuthi esekelwa igolide. Akufanele ukuvala amathuba abahola ku yokufuna ukwabelana izinkampani zezimayini igolide.

Ukutshalwa kwezimali ingcebo

Lo mzila utshalomali ukuvumele abantu abaningi ukuze uthole amanani Imali eningi. Kodwa-ke kubalulekile ukuthi ukuqonda ukuthi imisebenzi efana kudinga indlela ukufunda nokubhala, kungenjalo inani capital ngenxa ukutshalwa kuhlulekile ingancishiswa kakhulu.

Kodwa ngaphambi kunengqondo sinake yezinzuzo zale nqubo yezinzuzo:

- begodu kukhula ingcebo amanani kuyinto esingayithola njengomholo;

- okuningi oholela kangcono zifakwe ebhange, ngoba ikuvumela ukuba uthole imali uzinzile futhi ngezinga elikhulu;

- zokuhlala kanye commercial ikakhulukazi ingcebo kungaletha inzuzo enhle ngokusebenzisa sokuqasha;

- kukhona njalo ukuthi kungenzeka okwandisa zezimali insiza ethile ngokuthuthukisa isimo sabo (ukulungisa, imishini yesondlo);

- yifa ingcebo kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba athathe loans ezinkulu yasebhange amanye amaphrojekthi utshalomali futhi udale entsha , imali.

Omunye izingozi esemqoka imali kuleli fomu - lokhu kuwa ingcebo market. Kulokhu, ithuba inzuzo ukudayiswa izinto ivinjelwe.

Izimo zethu zihluke kakhulu kukho inzuzo kuyinto ukutshala izimali zami kule primary ingcebo market. On ukudayiswa efulethini esitheni isakhiwo sokuhlala esisha, ungakwazi ukuthola imali eningi, ikakhulukazi uma izinto eziningana. Lena ngenye yezindawo ezivamile lapho ukutshala imali manje. Esifushane ukutshalwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ezihlobene nokusebenzelana engatsho lutho. Uma unenhlanhla hhayi ukuba ukubhekana umthuthukisi ezimbi, ukwakhiwa kwezindlu uzobe simisiwe isikhathi esingenasiphelo, kanye nemali etshaliwe kuwo.

Ngakho-ke ngaphambi ukutshala izakhiwo eziyinhloko ingcebo, kubalulekile ukuba uhlolisise neziqu nedumela lenkampani-Umakhi.

Imiphumela

Ngokusobala, amathuluzi avumela zimali ukutshala enhlokodolobha zanqwabelana, okuningi. Kodwa ngamunye wabo kufanele aphathwe kahle, kucatshangelwa izingozi ezingase zibe khona. Nge ngokucophelela futhi olunzulu Isu lokutshala izimali, ungasebenzisa ongakhetha eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa futhi ngempumelelo ehlukahlukene nemiholo yabo.