Izinga elawula uhlelo esakhiweni: izimiso eziyisisekelo

Ububanzi ukwakhiwa libhekene isiqondiso zomthetho ngokwanele esiqinile. Kunezindlela eziningana kwezinkambiso nemigomo akhiwa ejensi wombuso kanye kuphoqelekile unjiniyela. Nokho, emnothweni emakethe wedwa kungaba enganele uma kuziwa ekwakheni inkampani ukwakhiwa yebhizinisi ngempumelelo. Inkampani kufanele ngonanzelelo siqu umsebenzi wabo zokuqapha izinga kwenziwe ngaphezu kwalezo izimfuneko bhalisiwe ezingeni zomthetho. Yiziphi imininingwane kule ndawo umsebenzi onjiniyela? Yini kungaba ukhiye nenqubo lokuhlola izinga lomsebenzi e ukwakhiwa?

Ingqikithi yalo izinhlelo zokulawula izinga ukwakhiwa

Masitadishe ukuqala ngokucacile kwetheminoloji ngokusebenzisa isihloko okukhulunywa ngakho. Inhlangano lokulawula izinga ukwakhiwa kwemisebenzi - imisebenzi ezihlose ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana lonjiniyela kanye nabalingani bayo lobuchwepheshe, kwezomnotho kanye nezinye ezamukelwayo kule nomthetho noma ethize ezingeni ubudlelwane civil.

Ngu izinga emisebenzini yokwakha elivame ukuqondwa ngayo njengoba uhlu izakhiwo zabo kunqunywa ngesisekelo izakhiwo injongo eyakhiwe noma izakhiwo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga ukwakhiwa kungenziwa kulinganiselwa ngesisekelo izinhlinzeko zoMthetho imithombo normative komthetho, ezifana isivakashi. Lapho kuphumeleleka khona, futhi angase acabangele izimiso angaphandle.

Ukwahlukanisa ukwakhiwa amaphrojekthi amazinga izinga

Wamukele ukuhlinzeka amazinga eziningana izinga Ukwakhiwa kwezikhungo ingqalasizinda. Ake sihlole kubo.

Okokuqala, it is a ezingeni normative. Lapha, ukulawula ekwakheni Kwenziwa ngesisekelo ukuhambisana kwemigomo into nezindinganiso ze-EU, ezibekiweko lobuchwepheshe kanye nezinye ukuthi zisetshenziswa emkhakheni womsebenzi kwezomnotho, okuyinto ihlobene umsebenzi unjiniyela kanye nemiphumela yayo.

Okwesibili, izinga langempela. It ikuvumela ukuba ukuhlola ikhwalithi ukwakhiwa isebenza ngesisekelo izilinganiso etholakalayo ku yokuthi ukwakhiwa unjiniyela ibhilidi noma isakhiwo ngaphansi inkontileka. Njengomthetho, izinga langempela incike ngezinga elingakanani unjiniyela sihlangabezana nenqubo kuchaziwe ngesisekelo izinhlinzeko zoMthetho imithombo normative.

Okwesithathu, ukukhulula okuthiwa ezingeni zokusebenza izinga emisebenzini yokwakha. Yena kuhilela nokuhlolwa iphuzu umthengi umbono. lokuphakamisa wakhe ngokuyinhloko predetermined ngokufanisa izinga esakhiweni ne nenqubo zokulawula, kodwa kungenzeka futhi indlela subjective. Njengomthetho, amagugu ejwayelekile kuphela ilungiswe inkontileka phakathi ngunjiniyela ikhasimende. Ngakho-ke engase ukusebenza ukuhlola aphansi esekelwe ukusebenza lokuqala ibhilidi noma isakhiwo, ngokuvamile akunazinkinga zomthetho. Kodwa kungase Yiqiniso, nomthelela Amathemba esiphethweni phakathi kwekhasimende kanye unjiniyela izinkontileka ezintsha.

Indlela eqotho njengoba ukukala kokusebenza kwebhizinisi

Ngo yesimanje ukulawula izinga uhlelo e isakhiwo, njengoba umthetho, acabangele nenqubo kuwo wonke amazinga 3 nokuhlola umsebenzi le nkampani. Kusho ukuthini lokhu?

Okokuqala, eqinisweni lokuthi amayunithi unjiniyela, okuyinto banesibopho izinga izakhiwo ezakhiwa futhi izindawo, iyenze ibe umgomo wayo ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana esiphezulu imiphumela langempela kokubili izidingo zomthetho kanye ikhasimende okulindelwe.

bagxila futhi unikezwa nesifundo kwesikhashana ngokuqinile nezivumelwano nabalingani ukuze oyifunayo nenqubo yekhwalithi futhi indlela ekuhloleni umsebenzi unjiniyela. Njengomthetho, kule zombili izinhlangothi unesithakazelo. Ikhasimende - ngokuya kokuthola esakhiweni elihlangabezana nazo zonke oyifunayo ukusebenza zindlela. Unjiniyela - ngokuya beqinisa ubuhlobo omuhle naye nesokuphela kwalesi amathuba nabo izinkontileka ezintsha.

isakhiwo ukuhlolwa

Ukuqapha izinga umakhi Imiphumela kungaba kwenziwe ngaphansi kohlaka imisebenzi efana ukwakhiwa kwabaqaphi. Kuyini essence yayo?

ukulawula izinga Ukwakhiwa Kwenziwa izinhlangano abanekhono ukuthi bafeze imisebenzi zihlose ukuthola kokuhambisana izigaba ukuqaliswa unjiniyela isebenza nge izidingo zomthetho kanye neminye emiselwe. Kwezinye izimo, imisebenzi embuzweni, kungenzeka ukuthi umataniswe ne nokuhlolwa hhayi kuphela izinga lomkhiqizo - esikhathini esithile ukukhiqizwa yayo, kodwa futhi ukunquma degree of nokufaneleka ezisetshenziswa ukwakhiwa, ukuhlolwa ezingeni ziqu ngayo izisebenzi zale mboni-unjiniyela. Konke kuncike onjani okubekwe ngayo izobandakanya ilungiselelo ukulawula izinga ekwakhiweni - main naphakathi-mbhalo, erekhoda nenqubo yokuhlaziya ukusebenza umakhi, kanye nezindlela zabo sokuhlaziya.

Kodwa njengoba umthetho, imisebenzi ejwayelekile kakhulu zokwengamela - ukunquma nesikhathi izakhiwo siphelile noma kokuhlaziywa imiphumela Lesisemkhatsini unjiniyela esekelwe izidingo zomthetho. Izenzakalo nezinhlangano ezithintekayo kungaba ngokwanele isikhathi esiningi ekuqaleni wokubambisana nenkampani ukwakhiwa. Ngakho, kokuqondisa lobuchwepheshe kungenziwa exhunywe umsebenzi on the subject kakade esigabeni design. Ochwepheshe of izikhungo ezifanele ongabamba iqhaza ekuthuthukiseni imibhalo okuhlobene ukuklanywa ukulinganisela, ukuze ekubhaleni uhlelo ukwakhiwa. Kulesi sigaba lochwepheshe abaningi abakholelwa omunye ukhiye ngoba, njengoba sibonile ngenhla, ezingeni langempela izinga imiphumela unjiniyela kakhulu predetermined ukunamathela ezindinganisweni. Ingabe ngokuyinhloko ilungiswe ukuklanywa ukulinganisela imithombo.

Ngakho, ukusebenza kohlelo izinga iqala ngesikhathi nokulungisa amaphepha ezisetshenziselwa ukwakha. Lokho ngeke saveza ngokuningiliziwe indlela imithombo yedatha, ngokuyinhloko inquma Umphumela wokugcina umsebenzi unjiniyela.

Imibhalo Yokuphatha sokuhlola izinga ukwakhiwa

Njengoba isici normative ekwakheni control - ukhiye, kuyoba usizo ukuba uhlole imininingwane imibhalo lapho nalezo zimfuneko ezithathwayo ukuze kuhlolwe izinga elotshiwe. Imithombo inhlobo efanele samukelwa ezindinganisweni isimo, kwezokwakha, design efanele futhi imibhalo ukulinganisela, iziqondiso, izimiso zemboni. Ngokuvamile, omunye umthombo ixhunyiwe nabanye - ezingeni isihloko imigomo, noma hlinzeka kuhlobene. Kubalulekile ukuthi kwezinkambiso ukuthi ezilotshwe imithombo, bamukela ezingeni lomnyango noma imikhakha akuyona waphikisa yi okuyiqiniso elisobala kule nomthetho wezwe.

Asho esisebenzayo wemithombo normative?

Ukwakha control kudinga ukubandakanywa le NAP efanele, okokuqala, ngenxa ukuzibophezela kwabo, futhi okwesibili, unjiniyela Ungamlandela, ukuxazulula izinkinga imvelo izimo zenhlalo yomphakathi nezomnotho, ecabangela izici zemvelo kanye nezinye ngeke kuhlobane ngokuqondile ibhizinisi, kodwa kubalulekile ngokuya Positioning umphakathi unjiniyela.

Imibhalo okukhulunywa, laba kanjani nesandla isixazululo wabahlanganyeli ukwakhiwa emakethe imisebenzi efana:

- ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana imiphumela imigomo ayebekelwe ekuqaleni;

- ekhuthaza ukwakhiwa kutenhlalakahle emzini, esifundeni, kwezinye izimo - ezingeni federal;

- ukudalwa idumela eliphezulu yombazi emphakathini ibhizinisi, ngokubambisana neNhlangano ngokuqinile neziphathimandla zikahulumeni, ngamunye;

- ukusiza unjiniyela ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwemvelo imisebenzi ku sesimanje kwezobuchwepheshe umsebenzi;

- ekhuthaza ekuphuculeni izinga control izinhlelo nemikhankaso yokwakha ezinkampanini esithile, imvelo ibhizinisi lonke.

Izinto kwimigomo yokulinganisa futhi imithetho imithombo

Izinhloso eyinhloko Standardization e imibhalo ukwakhiwa ubhekwa:

- yenhlangano, zobuchwepheshe, imithetho methodological namazinga adingekayo ngesikhathi umsebenzi unjiniyela;

- izinhlobo ezithile izakhiwo kanye izakhiwo esakhiwe ukwakhiwa amafemu;

- izinto zokwakha, nezinye izinhlobo imikhiqizo zezimboni esetshenziswa onjiniyela ngokuhamba umsebenzi;

- amazinga izimo zenhlalo yomphakathi nezomnotho, enquma izindleko ukwakhiwa, ukukhanga ukutshalwa kwezimali mkhakha womsebenzi lonjiniyela, amathemba omsebenzi bezakhamuzi kwenye ibhizinisi esithile noma umkhakha.

Ake sihlole kabanzi ubunjalo imithombo, okuyinto zisetshenziswa kokuhlaziywa izinga lomsebenzi wokwakha.

Imibhalo Yokuphatha ukulawula wokwakha: ngezigaba

Imibhalo embuzweni, ihlukaniswe zigaba ezilandelayo:

- imithombo federal komthetho;

- NPA zesifunda;

- NPA indawo;

- imikhakha kanye imithombo lomthetho wendawo.

izinga elawula uhlelo endlini, ihlelwe ibhizinisi lesimanje kudinga ukubuyekeza esingaguquguquki zonke izinhlobo le mibhalo - ngamunye wabo kungaba ebalulekile ngokuya kokuhlaziywa ngempumelelo imiphumela unjiniyela. Masitadishe izimfanelo uhlobo imithetho umthombo ngamunye kabanzi.

imithombo Federal yamazinga

Ngokuqondene yemithetho federal, lezi zihlanganisa amazinga wombuso kanye kwezokwakha ngokuyinhloko. Ngokuphathelene nezindinganiso isimo - basuke fixed amalungiselelo saziso noma bancome ezichaza nemingcele nezakhiwo izakhi ezithile izakhiwo, ukwakha izinto futhi yakhelwe ukunikeza indlela esihlanganisiwe kubahlanganyeli ingcebo market ukuqinisekisa izinga lomsebenzi. iziqondiso Ukwakhiwa ichaze isibopho sokuba ukwakhiwa ukucabangela amafemu nezimfuneko eyenziwa ngokuhamba ukukhishwa semisebenzi izivumelwano, kanye nezimiso ukhiye eqondisa Onjiniyela ezifiselekayo.

Enye kwimithombo ehlukahlukene mithetho federal, ukugujwa edinga inhlangano uhlelo lokulawula izinga isebenza ukwakhiwa - amasethi imithetho. ngokucacile wabo ukuthi balungise amalungiselelo ikakhulukazi Kunconywa ngokuphathelene okulandelayo kwezinkambiso nemigomo onjiniyela.

Demand imithombo, ogama yomthetho ihlanganisa yonke indawo WaseRussia, futhi iziqondiso. Bona fixed kokubili imithetho amandla futhi Kunconywa elawula isicelo imithetho ethile kanye namazinga.

ANP lesifunda

Ukwakhiwa kokuqondisa futhi kwenzeka mayelana izinhlinzeko zoMthetho NPA lesifunda. Uhlobo eyinhloko yemithetho ephathelene esigabeni okukhulunywa - indawo iziqondiso embonini yezokwakha. Ziqukethe amalungiselelo saziso izinkampani ezisebenza nobe esifundvweni lesitsite we Russian Federation. imithetho yendawo ingase icabange ethile sendawo of wokwakha, izimo zenhlalo yomphakathi nezomnotho, izici zezulu yesifunda, kodwa ngoba ibalulekile ukulawula izinga ukwakhiwa.

imithombo umkhakha futhi imithetho yangakini

Industry and imithombo yendawo - I-womunye unjiniyela ebalulekile idokhumenti. Lezi zihlanganisa, ikakhulukazi, namazinga wamabhizinisi nezinhlangano zomphakathi. Bona ukuthola izimfuneko ezithile ukukhiqizwa: isibonelo, ukuze alawule indlela umsebenzi kufanele kube ukulawula izinga kagesi ukufakwa nemisebenzi ukwakhiwa. Kumelwe akungqubuzani izinhlinzeko zoMthetho imithetho yombuso kanye zesifunda.

isifinyezo

Ngakho, imibhalo ukwakhiwa kungafaka phakathi izinqubomgomo kokubili amandla futhi watusa futhi normy.Sledovanie kubo - umbandela ezibaluleke kakhulu ngokwakha ibhizinisi ngempumelelo.

ukulawula izinga uhlelo endlini, ihlelwe abakhi, kusikisela, njengoba umthetho, ukuhlaziywa ngokwanele enemininingwane zoMthetho imithombo imikhakha kanye endawo kwezinkambiso ngoba ngokuvamile ukuthonya elingakanani okusezingeni eliphezulu kuyoba ukuhlola ikhwalithi inkampani ezingeni ukusebenza, okuyinto enquma kakhulu ngezinga elingakanani funa kuyoba inkonzo ngokuqinile emakethe.