Izimbangela, Izimpawu kanye Ukwelashwa alveolitis

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukuthuthukiswa wokuphila emkhakheni wamuva wezokwelapha eminyakeni yamuva kuye wathutha kude phambili, kukhona izifo eziningi elaziwayo elincane. Omunye wabo wamaphaphu alveolitis.

Ake sixoxe izimbangela, ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa yayo izindlela, kanye ngangokunokwenzeka izinyathelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sizobe sixoxa izimo lapho kubaluleke ukubhekana ngesikhathi maphakathi Pulmonology.

Uyini-alveoli

Alveoli - kuyinto izinhlayiya ezincane kunazo esasingahlala apharathasi ukuphefumula. Bangabaholi izingxenye ekupheleni emaphashini futhi ngesimo Bubbles ezincane. Mezhveolyarnymi ahlukaniswa ngodonga.

Alveoli - wukuthi ingxenye wamaphaphu, okuyinto has a umsebenzi zokuzivikela. Ziqukethe amaseli letivimbela ekuqhubekeleni phambili kwezindaba bacterium nezinye Amagciwane e umzimba lesi sifo. Nokho, umsebenzi wabo oyinhloko - moya owawusele kuyo. Kuyinto sibonga alveoli yamaphaphu uthola inani eliphezulu oksijini kususa-carbon dioxide.

Kuyini alveolitis

Alveolitis wamaphaphu - isifo libhekene izilonda alveoli, kanye nokukhula ezicutshini e izindonga zawo.

Lesi sifo kuholela ekusebenzeni engafanele apharathasi zokuphefumula. Ngenxa yalokho, bonke nezinye izitho zomzimba ziqale ukuthola umoya-mpilo omncane, futhi lokhu kuholela ekuphelelweni ukwehla ukusebenza kwabo ngenxa yeselula umzimba iziyaluyalu.

Alveolitis singenzeka kokubili ngokuzimela kanye ngokuhlanganyela nezinye izifo.

izinhlobo alveolitis

Kukhona amafomu ezintathu alveolitis. Cabanga ngasinye kancane okwengeziwe.

Acute pneumonitis interstitial

Lolu hlobo sifo abavamile. Isayensi usengakathelwa kunqunywa izizathu ezinembile ivela khona. Esikwaziyo ukuthi iningi fibrosing alveolitis kwenzeka e amadoda aneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50. Izinto eziyinhloko ukuthi bafake isandla ekuthuthukiseni izifo, ubhekwa, izimo emsebenzini eziphilayo zemvelo.

alveolitis Idiopathic ngokuvamile eba abantu edamane ngibheme, ukwenza ipulazi (izinyoni yokuzalela), noma ukubhekana metal, izinkuni, silicate noma asbestos uthuli.

Ukuvela sifo kwandulelwe ekuqongeleleni effector amaseli esikhaleni womoya. Ngenxa yalokho, le nqubo kubangela impendulo ukuvuvukala, kanye edema interstitial kanye vnutriveolyarny. Kanyekanye kukhona ukulahleka epithelium kanye ekuqongeleleni alveolar ka hyaline ulwelwesi izakhiwo, okuyinto ebambezela ukunwetshwa kwezicubu phakathi ugqozi.

Extrinsic alveolitis iguliswa

Lesi sifo eba ngenxa inzika ekuqongeleleni ku-alveoli, esakhiwa umsuka exogenous nomzimba kanye namasosha omzimba. Ngokwenza kanjalo, amaphaphu amashubhu bronchial akuzona ngimangele.

Le nqubo ingathatha avuse ephefumula njalo uthuli eyinkimbinkimbi ukubunjwa yayo. Isibonelo, lokhu kungenzeka ngesikhathi umsebenzi zokukhiqiza, ikakhulukazi maqondana izinkampani bekwi ukulima. Futhi alveolitis exogenous kungaholela okungekuhle yokuhlala kwemvelo noma yasendlini imvelo lapho nomzimba kukhona izibungu uthuli, isikhunta isikhunta nemvubelo, nezitshalo nezilwane amaprotheni, insipho nomjuluko namanye amanxusa eziqukethe enzyme ngezithako zawo.

Ezinganeni, lesi sifo ingaqala ku ngemuva yesifuba somoya.

Toxic fibrosing alveolitis

Izifo kwenzeka ngenxa ukungenisa izinto abalulekile imiphumela anobuthi emaphashini. Kulokhu, bangakwenza kokubili ngesikhathi ephefumula futhi ngegazi.

I izinto ezingabanga alveolitis anobuthi, zihlanganisa:

1. Amagesi (chlorine, i-ammonia, hydrogen sulfide ne-carbon tetrachloride); ukukhiqizwa izinto eziyingozi: izinto amaminerali (asbestos usimende), izinsimbi kanye compounds zabo (manganese, insimbi, zinc, cadmium, mercury); zokwenziwa (polyurethane, yokubulala).
2. Imithi: immunosuppressants, ama-ejenti anticancer, nitrofurans, sulfonamides.

Ezimweni eziningi, inhlanganisela imiphumela ezinobuthi of ukuvela ukusabela nomzimba. Ngenxa yalokho, lesi sifo kunzima kakhulu, nendlela aphatha ngayo alveolitis kuthatha isikhathi kakhulu.

izizathu

Uma sicabanga zezifo siye waphawula ukuthi kukhona izinto eziningi zokungabi ivela khona.

Ngokuhlanganisa ukwaziswa kakade wathola futhi ukhulisa khona, ungagqamisa ezinye zezizathu eziyinhloko sokuthuthukiswa alveolitis:

• ufuzo;
• ngokufaka amagciwane emzimbeni (hepatitis C, i-herpes, adenovirus);
• gastro-oesophageal Reflux ukudla;
• ukusebenzisana nomzimba (izidakamizwa, impova, dander isilwane, izimonyo, njll);
• amakhemikhali ukudakwa;
• adluliselwe radioactivity esifubeni;
• ukubhema;
• abahlala kwezimo ezingezinhle;
• isifuba somoya (ezinganeni).

Ngubani engozini

Ngokwezibalo, ezithinteka kakhulu:

• amadoda;
• abantu abaneminyaka engama-50;
• abantu ezithandwa komzimba;
• nalabo abahlala izimo ezimpofu izindawo zezimboni bangcolile.

Zonke badinga ukuqapha impilo yakho nokunakekelwa okukhethekile.

Izimpawu alveolitis

Njengoba kunjalo nge isiphi esinye isifo, alveolitis izimpawu ingase yehluke kuye ngesistimu etiology yesifo nezinye izinto ezingezinhle kuchaziwe ngenhla. Kodwa namanje kukhona ezinye izimpawu "zakudala". Lezi zihlanganisa:

• iphika, okuyinto ingamaKristu ngemva kokuzivivinya futhi yokudla;
• umkhuhlane;
• ubuhlungu esifubeni ngaphansi izindwani ehlombe;
• ubuhlungu emalungwini nemisipha;
• enokhahlo futhi oludlulele kwesisindo;
• ubuthakathaka wonke umzimba;
• okwandisa ubukhulu phalanges sokugcina.

Lezizibonakaliso Uyi isikhathi esibalulekile ukuvakashela Centre of Pulmonology, ngenjongo ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa izinjongo.

sitholakele isifo

Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ekwelapheni alveolitis, kubalulekile lapho ethola ukuthi unesifo, okuzobe ahlanganisa eziningi cwaningo kanye izifundo.

Uzodinga ukuba kudlule:

• ukuhlolwa isikhumba inkanuko;
• wamaphaphu biopsy ;
• X-ray kwamaphaphu;
• I-CT scan emaphashini;
• Luhlolo histological;
• MRIs emaphashini;
• bronchoscopy;
• ephelele kakhulu segazi.

Ngokusekelwe imiphumela, udokotela-Pulmonologist lizobe esethatha isinqumo mayelana nokwelashwa edingekayo njengoba ukuqeda lesi sifo.

ukwelashwa alveolitis

Ukukhetha uhlobo ukwelashwa incike kundlela futhi uhlobo lwesifo.

Lapho alveolitis esinobuthi iguliswa kumele kume ngokushesha ukuxhumana nge into wayithukuthelisa nesenzakalo kwezifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho babelwe yokwelapha hormone glucocorticoid kuthiwa imuncwe noma amaphilisi Ihora ngomlomo. Lapho egijima Tyazhlov futhi uhlobo isifo kudinga yokwamukela cytostatics ezokwenza zivimbela cell ayanda inqubo e ezicutshini.

Endabeni ukwelashwa fibrosing alveolitis ihlala izinyanga okungenani 6. Phakathi nale nkathi, isiguli kuyodingeka ukuba ihlolwe futhi ibhekane izifundo njalo, udokotela ungakwazi ukulandelela okubakhona yokutakula, hlola imiphumela yokwelashwa futhi ulungise uma kudingeka. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa izinqubo ukuvuvukala kanye nezinkinga.

Kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lwesifo, impatho alveolitis kuhilela izidakamizwa ethola ezokwenza phlegm futhi lula expectoration, kanye izakhiwo Vitamin-amaminerali. Kuphoqelekile ukuqhuba umzimba zokwelapha. Njengoba-ke izobandakanya, futhi ephefumula umzimba.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba yokwelapha lingaze uma kunesidingo.

izinyathelo

ukwelashwa alveolitis kungaba ngempela eziyinkimbinkimbi, ikakhulukazi mayelana ezimweni lapho isifo waqala futhi agcinwe ifomu kanzima. Ngakho-ke kufanele ulandele abanye izinyathelo ukuthi kuzosiza ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa yayo.

Esokuqala ukwelashwa esifike ngesikhathi kuzo zonke izifo yamaphaphu, ukuze ligweme izinkinga ezingase zivele.

Okwesibili, kufanele ithawula wokubhema.

Okwesithathu, kubalulekile ukuthi ubeke umkhawulo nokuxhumana nomzimba futhi amakhemikhali anobuthi.

Futhi okokugcina - ukuphefumula njalo umzimba.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukubukeka alveolitis akunakusetshenziswa akufanele self-medicate! i kuphela professional abanolwazi lingabizwa ukuxilonga izifo futhi zibeka ngendlela enomphumela yokwelapha.

Hlala uphilile!