Isenzo impendulo prosecutorial: Izinhlobo

Ummeli wokuqasha ingenye izinhlobo imisebenzi yomphakathi okuhloswe ngaso komthetho. Inhloso njalo professional kule ndawo ukuqinisekisa umthetho nokuhlonipha amalungelo, inkululeko izithakazelo zabantu kulo lonke elakwa-isimo Russian. ngokugadwa Prosecutorial ngokugcwele kulawulwa umthetho kahulumeni, ngakho kuphela ngaphakathi sphere zomthetho.

Kuyini ukulawula lomshushisi futhi indima impendulo izenzo?

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukulawula isimo Kwenziwa nezinye izindikimba eziningi. Ngamunye wabo zamakhono ayo, legunya, amadokhumenti omthetho ecacile neqondile. Kulezi emizimbeni, kukhona nazo evezwe ukwengamela nokulawula kwabo, isb. E. Ububanzi. Ngokungafani lezi zakhiwo isimo, kweso kuyinto sphere cishe angenamkhawulo nethonya kuwo wonke uhla ubudlelwane zomphakathi, uma sikhuluma imikhawulo ubuqotho olulodwa wezwe indawo.

Isenzo impendulo prosecutorial - idokhumenti kokuba amandla zomthetho eyanele, empeleni kuyinto "ithuluzi" imisebenzi lezi zindikimba. Ukuvimbela ukwephulwa kwemithetho nekugwema ukwephulwa kakade sezilithathile indawo - tincabhayi letisembili ababhekana nazo ekwenzeni imisebenzi esemthethweni ngumsebenzi ngamunye.

Izenzo impendulo prosecutorial kukhona izinhlobo eziningana imibhalo:

• babhikishe;
• ukumelwa;
• isinqumo ukuqalisa ekuqhutshweni ieala nezokuphatha;
• isixwayiso mayelana inadmissibility ukwephula umthetho.

A ukucwaningwa okuningiliziwe kokulandisa umbhikisho lomshushisi: injongo idokhumenti

Eyokuqala uhlobo imibhalo umbhikisho ezihlobene. Lona omunye izenzo, okuyinto ezihlelwa umtjhutjhisi womphakathi omkhulu namkha iphini lakhe ngu ngqo, noma kunjalo ingabe akuphikisani uMthethosisekelo isiRashiya, neminye imithetho futhi akwephuli amalungelo esintu. umbhikisho Lomshushisi iyimpendulo isenzo idokhumenti emthethweni ezikhishwa olusemthethweni noma emzimbeni. It kungenziwa wakhonza lowo omonile, egunyeni noma senkantolo ephakeme zenqubo olunikezwa lomthetho.

Njengomthetho, lomshushisi athwala imfuneko wokuphuthuma ukuqeda ukungaboni ngaso nokushintshashintsha "incwadi yomthetho", ekhona eshicilelwe normative isenzo zomthetho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umshushisi singacela igunya noma umuntu elikhiphe isenzo emthethweni, ukuletha idokhumenti kuhambisana esiphezulu nge umthetho kahulumeni noma ukuqedwa yayo ekugcineni.

Zonke izinhlobo lomshushisi ukuphendula lisetshenziswe umsebenzi emizimbeni, kukhona izimfuno zomphakathi, izitatimende, ubufakazi. Ngakho-ke, lo msebenzi ukuletha bekhalaza igunya lowo okonile noma isikhulu esigunyaziwe ukukhipha isenzo ngokuvumelana nemithetho WaseRussia, kubalulekile ngokushesha ngaphambi umshushisi kanye nePhini lakhe ngqo. Uma kudingekile, nokufakwa idokhumenti enkantolo noma isikhulu esiphakeme ngokuhambisana izenzo zokulawula federal ukwenza kanjalo kungaba kuphela abantu oshiwo ngenhla.

Kafushane mayelana nesakhiwo sabaphathi of umshushisi ekwenzeni imibhikisho

Isinqumo kumshushisi womphakathi ezingeni federal-esifundeni kokwenza bekhalaza izenzo zomthetho kweminyango kahulumeni emaphakathi kanye zezinkonzo kungenzeka. Kuphela umshushisi Jikelele Russian Federation, kanye abantu Bafica, unelungelo lokufaka isikhalo maqondana izenzo ezinjalo ungahambisani imithetho isimo. Ngakho, abashushisi amandla inselelo amadokhumenti omthetho iziphathimandla esiphezulu mayelana nale ndaba, izakhiwo lolawulako isixhumanisi ohambelana.

Futhi izenzo kokuqondisa prosecutorial phezu impendulo iyabopha bonke abashushisi okhonzile. Kulokhu, umshushisi unelungelo, ngaphansi kwalokho enekhono lakho ukuletha imibhikisho kokubili izidumbu zabantu ezingeni lakhe, futhi kucabangela. Kunalokho akukwazi. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, asikwenzi ukulungiswa okusalungiswa umshushisi okhonzile esimweni i emthethweni isenzo noma igunya izikhulu bona it ngaphansi kwekhono umshushisi ka ezingeni eliphezulu.

Uyini umshushisi?

Isenzo esilandelayo impendulo prosecutorial - umshushisi. Injongo yale dokhumenti ukushabalalisa ukwephula umthetho, ingqondo izici zabo, kanye izimo nemibandela ngihambe nabo. Uhlaka aqinile zomthetho kanye nohlu imibhalo ekhishwe Jikelele Ihhovisi womPhakathi we Russian Federation, ikakhulukazi i the Order of GP Russia 1999 "Ngo eqinisa kokuqondisa prosecutorial phezu ukugcinwa komthetho isinqumo kwezicelo, imiyalezo kanye neminye imininingwane kabi ubugebengu obenziwa futhi ukulungele", ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise le ndlela asebenzelana ngayo ukwephula umthetho, njengoba ukumelwa.

Wonke amasampula babe izenzo impendulo prosecutorial ukwephulwa ejensi wombuso engimamukele fomu. Zenziwa ngendlela efanayo njengoba umbhikisho, umtjhutjhisi namkha umuntu ozongena esikhaleni sayo. Letha umbono kuya igunya lomphakathi noma umuntu akhonze noma amandla ukubukeza futhi uqede ukuphulwa. Umshushisi Kunoma yikuphi, kubhekwe ngaphandle kokulibala, ngaphakathi ezingu-3 ezilandelayo. Ukuze wenze kuhanjiswa, umshushisi kufanele uzilungiselele ngaphambi izinto ukuhlolwa cwaningo. Isizathu kuphela isethulo ingakwamukeli ukuthi umshushisi ufuna ukuhanjiswa angabhekwa ukuhlukumeza usumisiwe.

Yini umshushisi?

Kunoma yiziphi izethulo alethwa umshushisi, kungakhathaliseki ezingeni federal, ulwazi olulandelayo:

1. olusemthethweni elishiwo noma igunya lapho isenzo impendulo prosecutorial.
2. Imininingwane imithombo ukuthi zinikeza ubufakazi bokuthi ukwephulwa othize yomthetho.
3. kwebalingisi Direct ukwephulwa, kuhlanganise ukubuyekezwa kanye nokuhlaziywa yezimbangela, izimo nomthelela amaphutha in the izenzo zomthetho.
4. Abashushisi kufunwe nokuqedwa ukwephulwa kanye izimo ecashile izici.
5. Umshushisi mayelana nezinqubo nezilawuli isikhathi yomzimba ukubuyekeza noma olusemthethweni wokwenza okubi isethulo.

Engeziwe okuqukethwe izethulo Ummeli

Ukuziletha umbhalo kungenzeka futhi izincomo lomshushisi mayelana nokuqedwa ukuphulwa. Kunoma ikuphi, kufanele ube focus zomthetho, ungethele umlingisi yezenzo, siphazamise inqubo nokuphathwa e emkhakheni othize umsebenzi, ngokuvamile eyabizwa ngokuthi ukusebenza kanye nezomnotho.

Umshushisi ungaqhubeka njengoba iziphakamiso ukubhekana nezimo ukuthi kwabangela umthetho. Lapha kuba ezimweni eziningi esisemthethweni 'nokushintshashintsha' izindawo lobuchwepheshe, yenhlangano, tekuphatsa kanye nezomnotho.
Izenzo ezinjalo impendulo prosecutorial (zinhlobo imibhalo efana ezihlobene inombolo kwemibhalo esemthethweni zesibili) zilungiselelwe ngokuhambisana iziphetho Ochwepheshe ewumngcingo sphere abafanele kanye nezinye izinto ukuhlolwa, ukubalwa kwezimali, njalo njalo. D.

Izici umshushisi zokuhlanganisa mlando

Ngokuphathelene okufunwa umshushisi, okuhloswe ngazo ukubhekana nezimbangela zobugebengu ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ngokuvamile utholakala kuyo umbuzo ukunqunywa umthwalo wezimali noma izigwegwe abenza ubuso sigameko. Ngokwemvelo, ukuthi izenzo mthetho izimpawu ieala zokuphatha noma isigebengu icala engekho.

Uma sihlole ezinye zezibonelo izenzo impendulo prosecutorial, ikakhulukazi umbono ukuthi iningi labo abakwazi ukuthola incazelo okuningiliziwe kanye indlela yokulawulwa wezomthetho izinqubo Ukubuyekeza ayisungula idokhumenti. Nokho, lelo dokhumenti kubhekwa ngaphandle kokulibala, bathi, omunye cishe akufanele. Isikhathi enikeziwe ukuze anakwe, futhi ngokuqinisekile ayizange ifakwe. Phakathi naleso sikhathi washo ngokucacile ukuthi izinyathelo eziphathekayo ukubhekana ukwephulwa zenzeka, kanye ezihlobene nalezi zici kumele sithathwe ezinsukwini ezingama-30.

Inyanga eyabelwe ukwamukelwa kwanoma iyiphi izinqumo nezenzo ingeyomzimba noma ubuso umhlaseli ngokuvamile waqonda njengoba phathi necala sokubuyekezwa. Gwema wamaphepha ezinde kungenzeka kuphela uma ukufakwa e kokwethula incazelo ecacile ngezinto imigomo kanye nezinsuku. Kuphela uma ngamabomu indiva izimfuno Ummeli angase unesizathu ngokwanele kuhle ukuqalisa i ukwephulwa zokuphatha.

Izici kwenkululeko isinqumo lomshushisi

Izenzo impendulo prosecutorial, izinhlobo zazo ezidinga ukucatshangisiswa enemininingwane, ahlukahlukene. Uhlu kuqhubeka amadokhumende alandelayo lovela umsebenzi woMbuso. Kulokhu-ke umbuzo lokwahlulela. isenzo Legal yalolu hlobo umshushisi angenza ngokuhamba kokuqondisa e emikhakheni lehlukene kwezomnotho, ezempilo, ezenhlalo, amasiko, ezokuthutha kanye nokunye, imikhakha nobudlelwano zomphakathi. Ummeli Ukulungiswa - isenzo ebaluleke elibalulekile uma iqhaza emisebenzini zenqubo ye kokuqhubeka lobugebengu.

Phela, umshushisi, enifeza ukwengamela imisebenzi yabo phezu ukugcinwa lomthetho we Russian Federation kahulumeni abaphathi abaphezulu, amakomiti, amasevisi, emizimbeni esiphezulu, ukuzibusa wendawo, ukuphathwa lempi, iziphathimandla control, has wonke amandla ukwenza umyalelo lokusungula zobulelesi noma ekuqaleni ukukhiqizwa inqubo ieala zokuphatha.

Isinqumo umshushisi icala lobugebengu, kanye imiphumela luhlolo lokuqala ezithathwe abomthetho, njengoba kufanele kuphawulwe ngokubhala.

Abashushisi noma izikhulu, esikhundleni zawo ziyakuba buthakathaka ubophekile ukuba enze isinqumo endabeni isampula isidingo ukukhulula umuntu ebambekile ngokungemthetho esitokisini ukuphoqelelwa, kanye forensic isikhungo zengqondo ku obungemthetho Igumbi okungasekelwe ndawo.

mthetho Lomshushisi kudingekile ukwenza ekuphathweni lesikhungo, iziphathimandla esiphezulu zokwahlulela, ukusebenza abantu abaye ligwetshwe ayixhunyiwe ne bokuhlukaniswa noma izivimbelo wenkululeko. Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi umshushisi inamandla enele self-ukwamukela noma yisiphi isinqumo zenqubo zobulelesi noma yiziphi izigaba owandulela ukuqulwa kwecala. isinqumo isampula kungaba ukuhlanganisa izisombululo adinga abadlali ukwenza izenzo ezithile. Ngokwesibonelo:

• ukuqaphela ummangalelwa civil, ummangali civil;
• babiza icala lobugebengu ezibalulekile ubufakazi ;
• isicelo inhloso, ngokuvumelana umshushisi, esilinganisweni ukuzibamba.

Yini isixwayiso kumshushisi womphakathi

Enye indlela lokugada prosecutorial kufanele ngokuthi isixwayiso kuvinjelwe ukwephula umthetho. Uma kunobufakazi imisebenzi engekho emthethweni kuhlelwe abantu ebambe okuthunyelwe wemfanelo, yamemezela kusengaphambili kadokotela. Isampula linedokodo ethize evunywe ukuma kwalo mthetho. Lapho ebhalela umtjhutjhisi namkha iphini lakhe isixwayiso ngokuvamile iqondiswe ukuvimbela izenzo umsebenzi ziyingozi.

Kuphela uma kukhona umgomo esizayo okubi, onokwethenjelwa futhi iqinisekiswe umshushisi idatha ulwazi noma amasekela akhe, kanye abashushisi isixhumanisi ezansi iqondiswe kubantu sokuqapha. Lowo Mbhalo wangonyaka we kuhlanganisa:

• waqinisekisa imininingwane kuhlelwe isenzo lobugebengu;
• ngezizathu ezithile zayo ememezela impendulo lomshushisi;
• uhlu ukwephulwa kanye umnqamulajuqu ukuqedwa kwabo (okungenani izinyanga 2).

umyalelo "Ngo isicelo esixwayisweni inadmissibility ukwephula umthetho" wathunyelwa ngo-1999, i-General Umshushisi we Russian Federation. Lo mbhalo likuchaza ngokuningiliziwe zonke izinhlobo izimo injunctive. Lokhu zomthetho isenzo abashushisi babo bonke links, kanye lempi ezikhethekile futhi wabasebenzisa njengezinceku esilinganisweni esikhulu ukuze kuvikelwe lokungaziphathi kahle.

Kanye umbhikisho, kanye nokwethulwa nokulungiswa, isixwayiso siku abashushisi abakhulu. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngokuqapha, ngenxa yalokho, abashushisi usebenzisa ukusebenzisa kwehlo incarnation agcwele imithetho neziqondiso.

Kuyini isidingo izenzo impendulo prosecutorial?

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyiphi Isenzo esithile somusa impendulo prosecutorial kanye nokuqondisa ziqondiswe ethile sitho, inhlangano, nokunye. E., Kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi esibekiweko, njengoba kungaphansi ekukhipheni esiqinile.
Izindawo womsebenzi kanye nokuqondisa Ummeli ebanzi ngokwanele. Lezi zihlanganisa:

• ukulawula ukukhishwa kwemithetho;
• ngokugadwa ukuqinisekisa ukulandelwa kwamalungelo esintu kanye nenkululeko;
• ukulawula imisebenzi okuphenya emizimbeni yophenyo, nokusebenza-search wemboni;
• ngokugadwa yokukhipha ngokungathandabuzi wezenzo normative-zezomthetho bentando yezifunda, amadolobha;
• ukulawula ukuqaliswa esemthethweni Uhlaka bentando amajele nezikhungo sibhekwe yeziboshwa.

Endabeni ka ngenhloso nezidingo ukwehluleka umshushisi amandla ezinengqondo esanele, kungaba indiva impendulo izenzo - umbhikisho, ukwahlulela, kadokotela (sampula ngamunye wabo ingatholakala uhlelo lokusebenza elihambisana isimiso) kubabangele okwesikhathi nesigebengu esihle, usayizi kabani Isilinganiso 1-3 ayizinkulungwane (ngokuvumelana Nekhodi Administrative Amacala).