Inkolo of China Lokumoshakele - ngokuhlakanipha, akaphelelwa ukuhlobana ngaso sonke isikhathi

Uma sincike imithombo lokusinda, inkolo sidilizwa China baqala ukuvela emuva 3rd ekhulwini BC. e. Imiqondo bokuqala zenkolo esiboniswe uhlobo ukukhulekela amadlozi nokubhula yekulalana. Ngokungafani nezinkolelo kwamanye amazwe, empumalanga - kusekelwe ekukhulekeleni zangempela ubuntu, ngokuvamile sababusi.

Izakhamuzi ezindaweni zasezulwini lasendulo babekholelwa esibhakabhakeni - lena uNkulunkulu kuphela ophakeme, nababusi yezwe - kungamadodana weZulu. Ngokujulile abantu yenkolo babesaba ukuphuma umusa "ehlakaniphe kakhulu" futhi ngenxa yalokho ukuboniswa enhloniphweni ejulile futhi kokulalela ngokungathandabuzi kumbusi. njengoba nje iphathwa ngenhlonipho nokuzibona zilungisa ukungezwani izihlobo umbusi, efuna kanjalo ngandlela-thile zokusondelana ezulwini.

Ifilosofi China lasendulo (ubuConfucius, ubuTao) futhi inkolo yakhe. Sekungamakhulu eminyaka amaningana, izibalo zenkolo ziye ngokomthetho isimo. Lokhu okungukuthi ngempela esiyingqayizivele, ngenxa ukuthuthukiswa wefilosofi yokuqala endaweni, ukushisa namakhaza China bakwamanye amazwe, okungukuthi, ukungabi bikho kokukhanya zangaphandle mathonya.

Ukuthuthukiswa nefilosofi zingahlukaniswa zibe ezimbili izigaba: ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, eqale e-8th ekhulwini BC. e., futhi inkathi yokuchuma, oluba 4th yekhulu 3rd BC Kanyekanye kumiswa ngemicabango engokomoya kakhulu iphutha nokuthuthukiswa impucuko. Ukuchitheka imibono ehlukene ngandlela-thile ukuboniswa zivela ngalesikhathi umzabalazo phakathi ezigqugquzela nendlela asabela ngayo lapho umphakathi elihlobene ne-Isifiso sokulondoloza emasikweni esidlule. Ngenxa yalokho yokubukwa umzabalazo antagonistskih kwakhiwa izinkomba ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-sphere okungokomoya - uyiphupho nokuthanda izinto ezibonakalayo.

ubuConfucius

Lokhu ukuhlakanipha kwenkohliso eyize inkolo of China yasendulo esekelwe ezimfundisweni bakaConfucius - nomfundisi owaphila BC 6-5 ekhulwini Letincenye eyinhloko ekuphileni sazi wacabanga nje komuzwa wesibopho isintu, okusho lezi imiqondo isizotha, ukulinganisela, ubulungisa, bathande abanye, ukuzibeka emuva, ukuzimisela, nokuphikelela izibopho zokuziphatha esivela ngamunye "uyindoda epheleleyo." Epitome we "ophelele," lo mfundisi wanikeza kubonakala encwadini edumile ababusi - Shun, Yao futhi Yue.

Kusukela 2nd ekhulwini BC. e. UbuConfucius - yiyona inkolo esemthethweni China lasendulo. Futhi phakathi namakhulu eminyaka ambalwa alandela, ifilosofi kwaba ngesisekelo umphakathi Celestial Empire. izikhulu Ikusasa ngempela ukuthola imfundo Lakhiwe phezu izimfundiso esikweyoku lasendulo.

Isimo ubuConfucius zenkolo main ezisekhona kuze kube namuhla. Demand nethonya le ifilosofi kuqinisekiswa ukuthi ngisho nabaholi uhulumeni waseChina lamaKhomanisi uye acela ephindelela eMnyango kwezinkambiso zezenhlalo nesimilo, esungulwe emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka adlule.

ubuTao

Lokhu okungukuthi omunye inkolo lasendulo China, ubuConfucius okungukuthi hhayi eliphansi in ukubaluleka. Umsunguli wawo wayeyisazi sefilosofi Lao Tzu - owayephila bakaConfucius.

nefilosofi Taoist ubuye ngempela ezijulile futhi ezithakazelisayo. Ngesisekelo imfundiso lasendulo kubhekwa welithi "Tao" - indlela ukuthi ilandelwe yibo bonke emhlabeni, kuhlanganise izwe ngokwalo. Lena iyona ncazelo futhi isisekelo engokomoya yabo bonke, sisithole ukwaziswa okulethwa yizinzwa bese ukucabanga. Sokuzindla Tao Te - mkhuba eqondakalayo elimelela umthetho wokuziphatha, okuyinto iveza imithetho kanye nezinkambiso yenza ubuhlobo babantu. inkolo Complex of China Lokumoshakele kuhlanganisa umqondo wesithathu - Qi - iyona energy ukuphila ayizwayo umuntu ngokumnika amandla ukulandela Tao, ugcine zonke imithetho zobuhle.

Imfundiso nokufeza isimo Blissful ngokulandela umthetho wokuziphatha bemvelo ithole ukwamukelwa phakathi kwababusi esesidlangalaleni ukhomba ngophakathi. Lapho ithonya ubuTao agcinwayo kulo lonke Medieval sikhathi, ugibela ngokuvumelana ubuConfucius. Namuhla, inkolo yangempela China lasendulo zithandwa kakhulu hhayi kuphela eMbusweni Celestial, kodwa futhi phesheya.