Ingabe kufanele ngikhokhele nesondlo emva kweminyaka 18 uma ingane ifunda?

Ukondla obushade naye emuva kwesehlukaniso izinkokhelo - lena ndaba ebucayi kakhulu futhi siqu. Abazali abaningi abawazi kanjani futhi kangakanani kudingeke zibuye zikhokhe izingane zabo. Lesi sihloko sizophendula imibuzo ethile mayelana nenhloso, isamba kanye nokukhokhwa nokuxhasa ngezimali izingane emva kweminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalombili ubudala, uma sinqume ukuqhubeka nemfundo yabo ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni esiphakeme.

Ezweni lethu, abazali kufanele ahlinzeke impahla njengoba izingane ezincane futhi yobudala, uma kwenzeka isinqumo sabo ukuqhubeka nezifundo zabo zesibili noma ngaphezulu semfundo.

Abantwana abadala futhi ukondla obushade naye emuva kwesehlukaniso

Ekusebenziseni imithwalo yabo sabazali uncika ukukhokha izingane omdala izinzuzo ezingokwezimali eminingana ebekiwe ngumthetho, isimo simi ngale ndlela:

• Ingane sinqume ukuqhubeka nemfundo yabo kunoma iyiphi semfundo;
• izingane zidinga ukusekelwa ngezinto ezibonakalayo ngokomongo kulolu cwaningo;
• yomkhokhi has wonke amathuba ukuze akhokhe izinzuzo ezingokwezimali.

I-oda ukukhokha ukondla obushade naye emuva kwesehlukaniso emva kweminyaka 18 uma ingane ifunda, futhi abantwana abakhula ngaphansi cha attained yobudala uyefana. Kodwa kuyafaneleka ukuthi, ngemva kokuphuma ubudala ukukhokhelwa usizo lwezimali singavuselelwe ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ngakho-ke, ngemva kweminyaka engu-18 nesondlo uma ingane esikoleni noma esigcwele eyunivesithi, kuyophela. Ukuze sokuvuselela kwabo omunye umzali isidingo kabusha isicelo enkantolo nge isudi noma isivumelwano esisha senziwa.

Inani of ngezinto ezibonakalayo kungase kube ezinye yomkhokhi imali noma avele njengoba nemali ethile yezezimali. I Kwesesibili kungenzeka bacabanga ukuthi umzali ayinayo imali njalo, noma iqhaza nezinye izimo ezithile eziqondile. Ukondla obushade naye emuva kwesehlukaniso emva kweminyaka 18 (uma ingane efunda) njengoba ingxenye ethile imali, ngokuvamile unikelwa abantu imali ezinzile futhi njalo.

Inani usizo olunjalo zezimali kunqunywa kokubili izingane omdala futhi izingane oda efanayo. Kodwa kukhona ezinye umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama njengoba ibalwa nesondlo emva kweminyaka engu-18, uma ingane ifunda. Inkantolo uyakucabangela kungenzeka omunye umzali ukunikeza ukusekela ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo ukuze ingane, kanye khona umyeni lo omdala noma unkosikazi kanye impahla yabo nenhlalakahle.

Ukuze niye enkantolo umbuzo yokutakula esivela kubaba / unina usizo olwengeziwe zezimali ingase ibe umuntu okukuye ingane ehlala futhi okuyinto ethatha kuphela isithakazelo sakhe, noma enye isakhamuzi omdala.

Usayizi lokukhokha, ngokuvamile-25% isamba sonke ukukhokha imali umzali. Kungase kushintshwe ikhumbula zonke izici ezingenhla.

izinkokhelo ezinjalo ayavalwa uma kwenzeka abantwana yobudala engu-23 noma iziqu.

inani eliphansi

usizo lwezezimali ukuze kugcinwe izingane ethola umzali nabo lihlale kuyo. Ukondla obushade naye emuva kwesehlukaniso emva kweminyaka 18 uma ingane isafunda sikhungo - ithuluzi kokugcwaliseka kwesibonakaliso izibopho ngaphansi ukugcinwa kanye impahla ukwesekwa ngokwengqondo kwezingane zabo. Uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka umzali zihlinzeka ukweseka ngokwezimali izingane zabo kumele uxhumane emizimbeni obukhethekile isimangalo afanele ukuphoqelelwa ekuqhutshweni. Lolu hlobo imithetho njengenkulumo ukuba Rocket kanye nesikhathi eside.

Ukuxazulula umbuzo kanjani ukukhokha ukondla obushade naye emuva kwesehlukaniso emva kweminyaka 18 uma ingane isafunda inyuvesi, kungenzeka ngaphandle ukubandakanywa inkantolo. Engingakusho nje basayine isivumelwano. sivumelwano kwasayinwa ku ekukhokhweni ukwesekwa ingane phakathi kwabazali. Isihloko se-Isivumelwano - lemali futhi ngokuya nokukhokhwa ukusekelwa ngokwezimali. Lesi sivumelwano kufanele athobele zonke amalungelo ezingane, eyasungulwa umthetho.

accrual kwezimiso yesondlo

Ikhumbula lezi zinto ezilandelayo:

• ulwazi isimo sezempilo kanye nokuphathwa kwezimali yomkhokhi uqobo, kanye nezingane, okuyinto akhokhele ukondla obushade naye emuva kwesehlukaniso,
• khona ukondla obushade naye emuva kwesehlukaniso umyeni ekhubazekile, inkosikazi, unina, uyise noma ezinye izingane;
• Ezinye izizathu inhloso lekungiko nempikiswano nesondlo ukubala.

Umkhawulo engezansi inkokhelo yemali

Ukondla obushade naye emuva kwesehlukaniso emva kweminyaka 18 (uma ingane efunda), ngokuvumelana nomthetho wamanje, asikwazi ukuba ngaphansi kuka-30% of the ubuncane ukudla. Inani yokukhokha ngemva kwesikhathi kungase kwandise bese wehlise, uma wamukela isinqumo senkantolo. Lokhu kungenzeka uma into ishintshile izinguquko isimo lokukhokha komunye oyedwa noma umamukeli, sekube ezihlobene impilo yabo, ngoba ungcono noma kukubi kakhulu.

Kuyadingeka yesondlo ophethe omdala

umthetho Russian kuchazwa izimo ezidinga lokho kwaziswa ukuze usize izingane omdala. Ziyakwazi:

• yesondlo emva kweminyaka 18 uma ingane ekolishi noma isikhungo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ludinga ukwesekwa imali abazali;
• endabeni yezingane ukukhubazeka. isakhamuzi Uma ingane ikhishwa iqembu ukukhubazeka (1 noma 2), ngokuxhumana okuyinto walahlekelwa ikhono ukusebenza. Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, iqembu 3 akuyona isisekelo umklamo yemali eseduze ukuba ingane omdala.

Isondlo sengane kubafundi omdala

Ezinganeni omdala abaye anquma ukuqhubeka nezifundo zabo, kukhona obuphathekayo inzuzo izinkokhelo uhlelo umzali. Le nqubo ithatha nokukhokhwa nezinzuzo ezingokoqobo phambi engu-23 ubudala. ekunqanyulweni izinkokhelo Early izingane omdala ingasetshenziswa inqobo nje uma ingane iyeke yokufunda, wathatha ikhefu noma oxoshiwe esikoleni. Ukondla obushade naye emuva kwesehlukaniso emva kweminyaka 18 uma ingane ifunda ngamaholide abakhokhelwa.

Endabeni nokukhokhwa usizo lwezimali kubafundi e nezikhungo nasemakolishi ngokuvamile izingane enkantolo usetha imali flat. It akuxhomekile nje kuphela esimweni isimo sezimali umzali onesifo ukusigcwalisa, kodwa futhi ku izindleko ezihlobene ukugcinwa kanye yokufunda wengane.

Imali ebanjwayo zingenziwa yonke imithombo engenayo umzali:

• yinkokhelo evela endaweni esemthethweni umsebenzi;
• imali nezibonelelo of servicemen futhi abantu abasebenza e komthetho;
• zonke izinhlobo imiklomelo;
• nempesheni imifundaze;
• izimali IP;
• imali etholakele ukulethwa kwezindlu ukuze iqashwe;
• amaholo lwabantu ezindaweni l / s.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi imithetho eqondile lokulawula nokukhokhwa nesondlo izingane omdala, kukhona kuze kube manje. Lo mthethosivivinywa wee kanye nokwengezwa Ikhodi Umkhaya ngale ndaba abulawa ngaso sethulwa phambi kaHulumeni. Duma kudala njengoba 2015. Okwamanje, i-noshintsho oluhlongozwayo akazange sesingasebenza.