Immunoglobulin - Iyini? Immunoglobulin (ukuhlaziya): kuyinsakavukela kanye nokusuka

Indoda ezungezwe bacterium namagciwane kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe. Abaningi babo amaningi ahlala ngaphandle, musa abangele izinkinga impilo yabantu, futhi amanye aze ngisho bayazuza. Nokho, belingana amagciwane ayinangozi nomzimba womuntu angangena futhi kwamagciwane avuse izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye ezithathelwanayo. Nabo, umzimba womuntu uzama ukulwa. Futhi lapha beze immunoglobulin, ayisiza enkundleni.

Immunoglobulin - amaseli akhethekile eziqukethwe igazi isekela yandise amasosha ayo omzimba. Phezu ukuthola amangqamuzana angaphandle, amagciwane noma izilokazane ezincane, la mangqamuzana mzimba ziqala iwukudambisa kubo.

Kuyini globulin mzimba: Izici

Immunoglobulin, ayisiza kukhona yithuluzi elibalulekile kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni. Sinenkosi eziningana izici:

1. Ngokucacile. Kuyinto iwukudambisa lwegciwane uqobo kuphela. Nakuba iningi izidakamizwa elwa namagciwane futhi elwa namagciwane ayithinti kwaphela esiwubuthi Amagciwane, kodwa futhi ku amangqamuzana omzimba siqu.
2. Ziyingozi emzimbeni.
3. A lokuhlushwa elincane ekulweni antigen.
4. Mobility. Ngegazi immunoglobulin, ayisiza eze ezikude kakhulu amangqamuzana omzimba futhi control inkathazo.

Imisebenzi zishintshe mzimba

Immunoglobulin - iprotheni ubhekana imisebenzi eminingi yezinto eziphilayo, okuyizinto kanje:

• ukuqashelwa into evela;
• okwalandela sesibopho ukuthobisa i antigen kanye kumiswa i eziyinkimbinkimbi mzimba;
• Ukuvikeleka kabusha ukutheleleka;
• ukubhujiswa ukubukwa isivuno sisiningi kakhulu khona idiotypic immunoglobulin amasosha omzimba;
• izicubu ukwenqaba kwezinhlobo, ezifana izitho utshalwe.

Ukwahlukaniswa immunoglobulin, ayisiza

Kuye yamangqamuzana isisindo, isakhiwo kanye nemisebenzi ngamaqembu ezinhlanu immunoglobulin, ayisiza: G (lgG), M (lgM), A (lgA), E (LGE), D (lgD).

Immunoglobulin E (LGE) atholakala oketshezini olungenambala lwegazi izinto eziningi ezincane kakhulu. Zigxilé amaseli kwesikhumba, nolwelwesi lwamafinyila, futhi basophils. Leli qembu immunoglobulin, ayisiza obhekene okuvela ukusabela nomzimba. Ukujoyina ukuze antigen kuholela edema, pruritus, esivuthayo, futhi ezinye komzimba.

Uma Ige liphakeme, it is okubonisa ukuthi Ukungena emzimbeni abakucasulayo izinto noma khona yokungezwani komzimba ukuze esiningi histamine. Ukuze izinhlangano zikwazi ukusungula i ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe ezengeziwe ukuhlolwa kwegazi okufanele iqhutshwe ukuthola omzimba athile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho immunoglobulin E yanda, futhi kufanele uhlolelwe i-khona izinambuzane izinto umzimba, isib, helminths. Lezi nezibungu yisinanakazana ku izibilini, ukubhubhisa mucosa, okuholela ukwanda zokukhiqiza amaprotheni cell.

Immunoglobulin M (lgM) has a ephakeme isisindo yamangqamuzana, ngenxa yalokho abakwazi ukungena ku igazi womntwana phakathi ukuthuthukiswa yakhe kokubeletha. Isithelo eba yayo. Kwenaba aleli qembu elithi immunoglobulin, ayisiza kuqala ngemuva kokuthola isifo emzimbeni. Immunoglobulin M linendima ebalulekile enqubeni yokususa ejenti causative egazini. Yandisa immunoglobulin M iyinkomba yokuthi ukuvuvukala ezinzima emzimbeni. Ngokwesibonelo, lokuhlala eliphezulu lezi ezikulolu enkabeni intambo igazi ukhuluma ngemvelaphi ukutheleleka kwengane, isifo rubella, ugcunsula, noma toxoplasmosis.

Immunoglobulin G kuyimali enkulu ukubulawa amasosha omzimba egazini. Ukuthuthukiswa iqala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ukutheleleka emzimbeni futhi emva ukukhiqizwa immunoglobulin M. ukulondolozwa emzimbeni isikhathi eside. Lona kuphela uhlobo amasosha omzimba ngocansi kusuka kumama kuya enganeni bese udala amasosha omzimba yekwentiwa.

Immunoglobulin lgA ngokuthi secretory njengoba ivikela zokuphefumula, ngomgudu womchamo abese izifo emathunjini. Futhi kubonisa indlela amagciwane ukuhlasela nolwelwesi lwamafinyila. Kuyini D immunoglobulin, ubuningi kanye umsebenzi wayo, kuze kube sekupheleni namanje akwaziwa.

Ukuqokwa ukuhlaziywa immunoglobulin

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukunquma inani immunoglobulin E inikezwa uma isifuba somoya bronchial, dermatitis atopic, ukudla noma yokungezwani komzimba izidakamizwa. inyumoniya Phindaphinda, isikhumba abscesses, waphuka njalo kwamalungu omzimba, ukugobeka komhlandla futhi sinusitis abonisa zokugula zofuzo obonakaliswe lokuhlala ngokungavamile eliphezulu amaprotheni iqembu mzimba E.

Yokuncwaninga izinsimbi kanye namakhemikhali ngoba Immunoglobulin M inikezwa ukuthola izifo oyingozi futhi ezingalapheki suppurative, ukutheleleka intrauterine, kwesibindi sokuqina kwesibindi, izifo yisinanakazana. Nikela igazi ehlaziya inani lgG immunoglobulin, ayisiza ibe okungenani ukuthola yansukuzonke izifo zokuphefumula futhi webhaktheriya, ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye kwesibindi kohlobo ezithathelwanayo, AIDS.

Ukuhlaziya immunoglobulin A isezingeni meningitis okuqhubekayo, otitis, sinusitis, myeloma, wegazi, lymphoma.

uthi untula

Nokuntuleka noma imiphi imikhiqizo omzimba kubonisa khona ukuntula mzimba. Kungaba noma azalwa naso, okungukuthi, yamabanga aphansi kanye kuluthola. Lokhu kubonakala izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane yansukuzonke futhi ezingalapheki. Okuvame kakhulu immunoglobulin ukuntula lgA. Lubonakaliswa i ezifweni anda izifo kalula. Izimbangela immunodeficiencies yesibili kungaba zahlukahlukene kakhulu - kusuka zokudla ukuze ukuchayeka ionizing emisebeni.

Ukusetshenziswa immunoglobulin womuntu

Immunoglobulin - akuyona nje amaseli amaprotheni, umsebenzi zokuzivikela, kodwa futhi ketshezi ngenkuthalo kusetshenziswa imithi. Itholakala izinhlobo ezimbili:

• isixazululo ujove esicutshini;
• powder for ekuphathweni emthanjeni.

immunoglobulin Human angabelwa nemithi esikhundleni:

• immunodeficiencies aphansi nezamabanga aphakeme;
• ngamagciwane okunzima ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye ezibangelwa amagciwane;
• izifo ezehlukene sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba;
• AIDS ezinganeni;
• nokuvimbela izifo preterm izinsana.

Allergen immunoglobulin kungaba ngokuphawulekayo ngcono isimo ingane nge yansukuzonke liphinyiselwe komzimba. Okhethwe nguye, wayelokhu kungaba Udokotela onguchwepheshe.

Njengengxenye lokugoma izifo lungatholwa immunoglobulin okomuntu noma isilwane. Serum esetshenziselwa kwetinhlavu amasosha omzimba yekwentiwa. Afakwe lokugoma ngokumelene umkhuhlane, rubella, mumps, isimungumungwane.

Ukwelashwa nge immunoglobulin, ayisiza

Ukwelashwa nge ukubulawa amasosha omzimba Kwenziwa kuphela esibhedlela, njengoba kukhona inombolo yemiphumela emibi:

• imfiva, Ukugodola, ikhanda;
• iphika, isifuba esomile lapho;
• ukuhlanza, ukukhishwa isisu, isisu amajaqamba;
• ukozela, ubuthakathaka, luvelo ukukhanya;
• tachycardia, esifubeni ukungakhululeki.

Ngaphansi kokuqondisa okuqinile udokotela ezingahle zinqunywe kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kanye phakathi lactation.

Lapho ukuthenga imithi immunoglobulin

Thenga imithi nge ukubulawa amasosha omzimba kungaba e-pharmacy. Attached liyisiqondiso nencazelo enemininingwane, Izimo, futhi umthamo. Kodwa ukuthenga futhi ukuthatha izidakamizwa ngaphandle kadokotela akudingekile. Inani esicutshini immunoglobulin 10 vials isilinganiso ruble 800-900. 25-milimitha ibhodlela lika umjovo emthanjeni yisilinganiso ruble 2600. Ekhemisi Ungase futhi ukuthenga imithi tekuvikela eziphuthumayo, okuhlanganisa immunoglobulin womuntu. intengo yayo kuyoba kakhulu kunalokhu, kodwa nje kudingeka umuntu oye liyakhubeka ubhubhane focus.

Immunoglobulin - a globular amaprotheni nemvelo, ukungabi noma ukungabi esilimaza kakhulu isimo umzimba womuntu. Qekelele ngoketshezi olungenambala olusegazini, kuba khona kunoma amalungiselelo immunostimulatory kakhulu.