Imfucumfucu ezakhiweni zamatshe aqoshiwe. imfucumfucu laying ubuchwepheshe

Imfucumfucu wokwakha kuyinto ukwakhiwa ubuchwepheshe ekhethekile, okubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwezingcezu futhi ezahlukene usayizi izingcezu imfucumfucu zemvelo. Kungenzeka ukusebenzisa izindlela ezihlukahlukene, kodwa ngamunye wabo kudinga khona inkosi ulwazi professional kanye namakhono. itshe Nechobozekile sisetshenziselwa izinto zemvelo okuyinto kabanzi esetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa izisekelo kanye nezinye izinhlaka. Wayaziwa isikhathi eside futhi akazange alahlekelwe kwayo kuze kube yilolu suku. Lokhu kungenxa impahla yayo esiyingqayizivele: ukutholakala, nobungane kwemvelo futhi ihlala isikhathi eside.

Namuhla-ke asetshenziselwa ukwelapha izindonga ngaphandle, ngesikhathi ukudweba, kanye obeka isisekelo. Booth - itshe, okumele ihambisane GOST 2173-87. Isisindo kuzoncika zohlobo, ukuthi sithinta izindleko zokukhiqiza. Ngokwesilinganiso, omunye imitha cubic rock has a isisindo in the uhla 2 wamathani. Uma kusetshenziswe ezindaweni ezinabantu it has a ukubaluleka isici ezifana radioactivity. Ikilasi lokuqala yakhelwe ezindaweni okuhlalwa kuzo, kanti eyesibili - ngaleli lungiselelo amabhuloho, embankments nemigwaqo. Rock ukuminyana ziyahlukahluka kusuka 1.4 kuya 1.8 t / m ^3. Ukumelana Frost kuzoncika zinhlobo futhi esabekwa Ubala ngemijikelezo ukuqanda incibilikiswa. Umkhawulo frost brand - a F300-F400, ahloselwe ukusetshenziswa ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu zezulu.

ithuluzi Ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokufaka imfucumfucu

Booth - itshe kufanele libekwe phezu ubuchwepheshe ethile. Luhilela isidingo sokulungiselela amanye amathuluzi. Phakathi kwabo:

• Isitsha ukuxuba isixazululo;
• ehlohla;
• amabhokisi sokhuni;
• izintambo ukuze amabhikhoni;
• formwork;
• ramming noma isando;
• amanzi;
• usimende;
• itshe;
• isidlidlizi;
• Amathuluzi ukugaya evele itshe.

Ngemva isethi ephelele amathuluzi ungakwazi uqhubekele umsebenzi olwengeziwe.

ukufakwa itshe Izindlela

Kubekwa itshe yemvelo ungentiwa kwenye yobuchwepheshe obukhona, okuyilezi:

• ebeka ngaphansi isiphanga;
• ngaphansi bay;
• ngaphansi ubakaki;
• nge vibrocompaction.

Ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi, kufanele ucabange amanye amaphuzu abalulekile ukuthi uzobe kuchaziwe ngezansi.

Ukubeka izincomo

Yemvelo itshe kubekwa uqhutshwa ngokuvumelana nemithetho ethile kuphela. Ngokwesibonelo, ukusebenza kungabanga isidingo ukuchotshozwa ezengeziwe material. Uma usebenzisa cobblestone, ebusweni ebonakalayo into ke kufanele kususwe ingxenye yonke leyo nto engakaze ukuzehlukanisa. Lapho kuziwa lamadwala ke akufanele libekwe phezu onqenqemeni, kufanele ibekwe nomunye nendawo. Ubuchwepheshe kudinga ukuhlela kanye iqoqo impahla. Advance kufanele enze le misebenzi endaweni evulekile eduze esakhiweni. Kufanele uholwe uhlelo indawo kanye bandaging ka ezivuzayo, esetshenziswa lapho ebeka isitini. Uma ufuna ziqophe amatshe, kufanele makudle idwala flat ukuthi inqubo yokufaka uzobe elise inhlanganisela yemvelo.

Ukufakwa ngendaba engaphansi ikhaba enqubeni yokwakha isisekelo

isisekelo Nechobozekile sibekwa imigqa ovundlile, ukushuba ngayinye okuyinto kumele singeqi 20 cm. Amatshe kufanele kwesokunxele phakathi kwaso, maqondana lekuhlanganeni kabani ukujiya akufanele kube ngaphezu kwamaminithi 15 mm. Nokho, isisekelo Nechobozekile ungaba imigqa ehlukene Uhlonze lwalo, ubude konke emgqeni ngamunye kufanele alingane. Uma ufuna ukwenza i-layout itshe imfucumfucu yilo ubuchwepheshe, kufanele siqondiswe yilo imiyalelo elandelayo. Isisekelo kumele sibe verstovye amatshe, futhi emsebenzini uzodinga ukufaka beacons. Ngaphambi kokwenza izindonga Ingaphakathi nengaphandle zonke amamitha amathathu, futhi ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo izindonga kumele efakwe amabhikhoni usebenzisa izintambo. Ngosizo lwabo, siyokwazi ukwakha udonga flat, ehlaziya straightness zangaphandle isisekelo.

Ezicashile umsebenzi

Kufanele ugcwalise isixazululo ungqimba, ephakamisa amatshe, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ukuze ikhambi got zonke izimbobo emazinyweni. Imfucumfucu wokwakha kumele kwenziwe usebenzisa okuthile ngesando noma ngenqama, ngosizo lwabo, umkhiqizo ukugqashuka. Mid-ukusondelana isisekelo ligcwele isixazululo, okuyinto sisetshenziswa ngehalavu. ingxube okweqile kufanele seep ku zonke ezivuzayo ehlobo kufanele nigcine bandaging ka ezivuzayo. Kubalulekile ukushintsha bonder elementi uhlaka. Uma sicabanga izakhi contact e wokwakha, kuzobangela ukuncipha kwamandla design.

Le ndlela yokwenza umsebenzi

Lapho wakha isisekelo, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuze lelisu rasschebenku isitayela. Amatshe kufanele athephwe ngesando, ke kuzovumela isixazululo ukugcwalisa zonke imigodi emkhatsini wetincenye teluhlaka. Ngamunye irowu igcwele kumele angabekwa. umsebenzi Okwalandela eyenziwa ubuchwepheshe ngenhla.

Ukudala base isisekelo

itshe Nechobozekile usibekile isisekelo salokhu pre-ezilungiselelwe:

• isixazululo ithangi;
• umshushuluzo ukwehla yesixazululo netshe;
• isixazululo;
• amatshe.

Kufanele kuqala ukulungiselela umsele kabani ukujula kuyinto 1.3 m. Ezansi amabhokisi ukusetha isixazululo, kanye nebanga phakathi kwabo kufanele kube 6 m. Amatshe zifakwa ku izikhala phakathi emabhokisini, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngesandla. Igebe egcwele kwemfucumfucu, kulezi zimo ezilandelayo ukuze ikhambi etsheni. Kufanele ugcwalise ingxube ngokusebenzisa anemifantu zazo ngokufanele i-engela 45 degrees. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukugcwaliswa abushelelezi ibhokisi, ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho isakhiwo. Phakathi zangaphansi efakwe ungqimba olandelayo itshe, kufanele ivinjelwe kusukela kusigaba umshushuluzo 40 cm. Bamba Flatness kumele aboshelwe ukhuni amaphetheni ezihambisana iphrofayli isizinda. Kufanele zibekwe ihlukaniswa 20 m. Izibonisi yomdwebo fixed tensioned izintambo. Ngakho amatshe embondelene ukuphakama oyifunayo.

Ukwakhiwa kocingo

A kocingo ezenziwe yemfucumfucu siyoba yisisekelo nezinsika. Ukuze uqalise ensimini ka wokugubha wenziwa, futhi kucatshangelwa ububanzi kukholomu kanye frost Ukungena ukujula. Kuyinto amba umsele, ububanzi okungaba ofika ku-500 mm, kuyilapho nokujula - 800 mm. Ukuze izintambo kufanele libekwe nokufakwa, futhi kulezo zindawo lapho ufuna ukufaka Kuma-pole, kufanele ufunde out. Concreting kumele kukhiqize ukusakaza okuqhubekayo. Ukuqinisa ngoba izinsika ukhonkolo imbozwe 20 mm. isisekelo ebusweni kuqondaniswe nendawo ne yokululama noma ezingeni. Isisekelo embozwe epulasitikini futhi washiya amasonto amathathu ukuze ome.

wokwakha izinsika

Imfucumfucu wokwakha kuzoba yisisekelo bokuthunyelwe kocingo. Lezi zinsika zokugcina exhunywe string, wawubonisa engela ezilungile ipholigoni. Uma uyikha phezulu le kwesisekelo kufanele zibonisa emgceni locondzile, ukulinganisa ibanga phakathi engele aphikisanayo. Eyokuqala yegumbi imiswe ezingeni ke ungaqala ukuhlangana lonke. Ukuphakama amatshe kokuthunyelwe zingase zihluke, futhi kufanele kwesokunxele phakathi amakhona isikhala nendawo ukugcwalisa. Ukubekezelelana ukuphakama 1 cm 200 cm.

Ukubeka isikhathi eside

Imfucumfucu wokwakha yisisekelo Uhobhane yalo mkhiqizo nge surface bushelelezi lamapulangwe nhlangothi zombili kocingo ngekusasa. Kulokhu, ungakwazi ukufaka i-timbering, okuzodala udonga bushelelezi. Isikhala okuholela phakathi kwalezi zinhlangothi zombili zamatshe kuthululwe isixazululo, kumele uphawu usebenzisa isidlidlizi noma armature. Uma unquma ukulahla ukusetshenziswa formwork, intambo kumele kusetshenziswe, ezisabalele phakathi imikhawulo okuphambene Ngokuzayo kocingo. Umugqa phezulu kocingo kufanele kube izinga, namatshe irowu lokugcina kufanele kukhethwe ngendlela yokuthi banayo lobulinganako.

Ukubeka odongeni

Imfucumfucu izindonga kungenziwa ogibele vibration compaction ubuchwepheshe. Le nqubo ihlinzeka ukwakhiwa okuqinile kakhulu. Ukuze nokuqaliswa kwalo kufanele amba umsele ukuba abeke phansi ilandelana zamatshe. Ukuze ukugcwaliswa isibhakabhaka, zisebenzisa isixazululo. Khona-ke, ngokuhamba kuyinto isidlidlizi, okuvumela ukusetshenziswa high uphawu wokwakha futhi kwenze kube kuqine. Compaction kufanele kwenziwe uma nje bonke isisombululo angena ezakhiweni zamatshe aqoshiwe. Imigqa elandelayo kufanele ebeka "ngaphansi isiphanga," kulungiselelwa ngemva isidlidlizi kusendlalelo ngasinye.

Izindleko umsebenzi

Imfucumfucu ngezandla engenziwa yinoma yimuphi handyman, kodwa le nqubo akakwazi ngokuthi silula. Ngakho-ke, ungakwazi ukusebenzisa amasevisi ochwepheshe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, buza mayelana izindleko umsebenzi. Ngenxa yokuthi manipulations enjalo isikhathi eside, intengo yemfucumfucu iqala nge ruble 1000. ngalinye 1 m ^3. Uma kuziwa ngodonga yangaphakathi, bakhela ngemali ruble 800. ngalinye 1 m ^2. kwaqanjwa ababhekene nesimo esinje kungabaduduza kwahambisana ukuqinisa futhi ukwahlukanisa.