I-Diopter, iyini? Iyini umphumela walo embonweni?

Isikhathi sedijithali, esihamba ngokuqiniseka ngeplanethi, siholele ekutheni isintu saqala ukusebenza nezinhloso endaweni eseduze nabo. Ikhompiyutha, i-digitizer noma ngisho nento eqondile iphoqa amehlo ethu ukuba asebenze kuphela kwimodi eyodwa, engaboniswa ngokucacile ngemvelo, futhi bangadinga ukulungiswa. Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngosizo lwama-lens noma izibuko eziphethe iyunithi ethile ngokwamandla abo okukhanya. Ibizwa ngokuthi "i-diopter". Lokho okulinganiselwe lokhu, akulula ukuthola. Ikhono lokugxila emisebeni yokukhanya endaweni eyodwa, ehlukaniswe yunithi yebanga, ngemva kokuwela i-lens convex.

I-eyepeptical eye iso

I-lens enjalo yemvelo esweni lomuntu i-lens nezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo, ziyakwazi ukuguqula ubukhulu bayo, futhi kuye ngokuqina, amandla ayo okukhanya avela ku 57-59 kuya ku 70-70.5 m ^-1 (isichazamazwi esichazwe kanjalo). Lokhu kusho ukuthini ngokusebenza? I-lens yemvelo yeso igxila imisebe ikude ukusuka ku-1/5 kuya ku-1 / 70.5 wamamitha ngenxa yenguquko ebukhulu bekhalenda nobukhulu besikhumba, ikhiqiza isithombe ku-retina. Uma ubukhulu be-eyeball bukhulisiwe noma buncishisiwe ekuqondisweni kwesikhathi eside, lokhu kuholela ekubonisweni okungalungile. Esikhathini sokuqala, okuthiwa i-myopia, ngenxa yokukhula okwedlulele, ukugxila kwenzeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi esidingekayo. Esikhathini sesibili, konke kuhambisane kakhulu: i-hypermetropia yeso isobala isikhala esanele sokwenza isithombe, futhi sakhiwe ngemuva kwesikrini sokubuka iso - i-retina.

Ukukhethwa kwendlela yokulungiswa kombono

Kule nkinga, isisombululo esilungile sizoba isikhalazo ku-ophthalmologist, ozokwazi ukuhlola i- fundus bese ukhetha izesekeli ezidingekayo ngokuhambisana nombono wakho, ochwepheshe bezoxilongo basebenzisa ithebula le-diopter. Kubonisa ubuhlobo phakathi kwezinguquko ezweni nasegameni lokubuyisa lamaglasi. Kule njongo, ama-lens anezindinganiso ezidingekayo, ehlakazeka noma egxile, asetshenziselwa, futhi ngokusho kwetafula le- Sivtsev ukufaneleka okulungile noma okungalungile kwamandla okukhanya we-lens kunqunywe (isilinganiso saso sinqunywe ukushayela). Yini lokhu okunika isiguli? Manje angakwazi ukuqapha ngokucacile incazelo ye- "plus" yakhe noma "ukunciphisa" futhi njalo uthole iseluleko nokulungiswa okudingekayo. Kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwama-lens noma izibuko zokuxhumana akusizi nje ukuthuthukisa ikhono lokugxila (isibonelo, -1 i-diopter). Okubalulekile akungabazeki. Ungasebenzisa futhi ama-lensi okuxhumana ambala ukuze ushintshe ukubukeka noma izibuko ngezibuko ezivamile kanye nomgqomo obizayo ukuze ubukeke udala. Kodwa akufanele ukhethe i-optics ngokwakho, njengokwesekeli, ngoba kunamapharamitha amaningi, isibonelo, irejista yokuvinjelwa kwe-lens, ukukhanya kokukhanya okudlulisiwe , ukuvikelwa kwe-ultraviolet nezinye izimo, isilinganiso esenziwa kuphela ochwepheshe. Ngemuva kokuhlolwa, umnini angakwazi ukugqoka izibuko ngokuzenzekelayo nangokuphepha noma uxhumane namalensi.

Amehlo enempilo ngaphandle kwezikhalazo

Ngemuva kokuhlolwa, umnini angakwazi ukugqoka izibuko ngokuzenzekelayo nangokuphepha noma uxhumane namalensi. Ukuphambuka okuncane kombono ovela kuvamile ± 1 optics dioptric kungase kungadingeki. Kodwa uma izindinganiso zikhulu, kungcono ukunciphisa amandla lensiza ngo-0.5-1m ^-1 , lapho kwenzeka khona amehlo angeke akhathele ngokweqile noma ahlaziye ekungabini. Phela, ukugcina abangane bakho ababukhali ngezwi kuyisiqinisekiso sokuthi iso elinempilo ngokujwayelekile.