HBO - kuyini? Ukufakwa, uxhumano, ukubeka HBO. Uphenyo HBO 2 no-4 izizukulwane

Ezingxoxweni abashayeli professional HBO eside ungezwakala kaningi. Futhi lokhu isifinyezo ongaqondakali esetshenzisiwe hhayi kuphela ayoliswe abashayeli bamaloli noma nabashayeli amaloli ukukhanya, kodwa futhi izimoto ezivamile kakhulu abanikazi. We uzokutshela konke mayelana HBO: ukuthi kuyini, nokuthi iziphi izinhlobo nezinhlobo nhlobo. Futhi, funda it is indlela ifakiwe, eziqhutshwa futhi inakekelwe.

HBO: kuyini nokuthi kungani udinga

Lokhu kwehliswa ziqala nje: imishini isilinda. Ezikhathini njalo liphuma intengo uphethiloli noma diesel usuke igesi yemvelo kungaba ngokuphawulekayo ukunciphisa izindleko nabanikazi bezimoto.

Futhi ngenkathi igesi fuel kanye nemishini ye imoto akuyona ezishibhile, futhi ukufakwa salo ngempela eziyinkimbinkimbi, ukusetshenziswa eside njengoba uphethiloli le-butane (okungenani - methane) ishibhile. Ngakho, ukufakwa HBO kunoma iyiphi isigaba imoto ngokushesha okhokhela ngokwayo nge impindiselo. Kukholakala ukuthi i-kits ayibizi "iphuzu inzuzo" imishini igesi imoto iza ngemuva 10,000 amakhilomitha eliqhutshwa.

Ukusetshenziswa le-butane ingxube

Le-butane elisetshenziswa yezimoto HBO 2nd noma yesizukulwane esingu-4 - kuyinto gas kuncibilike etholwe ngesikhathi yokucwenga. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali yezimoto le-butane ingxube sifana kakhulu igesi yasekhaya alayishwe amapuleti noma amasilinda e umentshisi ezivamile.

Zimbili izinhlobo kuncibilike le-butane:

• Ehlobo, lapho isilinganiso propane kuyinto 45-55%;
• ebusika, propane ngezabelo ongafinyelela 95%.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukusetshenziswa LPG lapho injini yemoto mkhulu ukusetshenziswa uphethiloli noma diesel by 10-15%, kuyafaneleka uphethiloli at isigamu intengo okusamanzi.

Ukusetshenziswa methane njengoba uphethiloli

Kuyinto yemvelo, igesi yemvelo, eyayenziwe onomfutho a ingcindezi 220 eziphindwe. Methane futhi iza amabhodlela, okungaletha ivolumu ezahlukene. Enye inzuzo enkulu igesi esetshenziswa njengoba fuel izindleko zalo ongaphakeme. Ikakhulukazi ngoba intengo methane akuxhomekile isimo ezimakethe uwoyela negesi.

Ukuvela yezimoto imishini LPG

Umqondo usebenzisa igesi njengoba yokubasela yangaphakathi omlilo izinjini akuyona inoveli. Le gesi ibutho lokuqala yasungulwa eNgilandi engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu XIX. Maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka eledlule atholiwe kanye patent kuqala ku izinjini enjalo. Nokho, isikhathi eside kakhulu isikhathi, izitshalo amandla igesi babengaphelele kakhulu. Abazange ukuthuthukisa amandla adingekayo, kwakunzima ukusebenza, ngaphandle ukuphepha izinjini ezifana ushiye okuningi okufanele oyifunayo. Kwaba kuphela 30s kwekhulu elidlule, ukufakwa HBO phezu izimoto amakilasi ezahlukene kakhulu yazuza mass isicelo okwandile.

Five izinhlobo HBO

Isizukulwane sokuqala onomfutho igesi izinhlelo wawunzima kakhulu futhi ezingezwakali ngokuya ukufakwa, ukulungiswa kanye nokugcinwa. Nokho, izinhlelo ezinjalo zixhunywe kokubili kwi carburetor, kanti injini uphethiloli injected.

Isizukulwane zezimoto imishini igesi kufakwe ngezithako zawo yesibili ine idivayisi metering ngogesi kanye control unit (lambda-isilawuli). Lokhu lula hhayi kuphela ukufakwa kanye nokusetshenziswa izinhlelo ezinjalo, kodwa khudlwana kahle. Akumangalisi, nakuba izizukulwane HBO 2 futhi kubhekwa ngezinga elithile yisikhathi, it is ngenkuthalo esetshenziswa ngokwanele kulezi zinsuku.

Kulesi ukuvela imishini igesi izimoto akazange ayeke.
Kamuva (emhlabeni sokutjhuguluka 80-90-yalolucwaningo ka XX leminyaka), ukufaka oyisizukulwane sesithathu ayenendawo ukusatshalaliswa ngazinye uphethiloli amasilinda. Futhi namhlanje ukusetshenziswa kabanzi iningi ukufakwa HBO 4 izizukulwane, umehluko eliyisisekelo kusuka izinguqulo ezandulele yikhono ukwenza kokubili serial parallel umjovo igesi ku amasilinda injini.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayenziwa futhi isizukulwane 5th kohlelo, supply gas injini esimweni liquid. Ngenxa yalesi eziyinkimbinkimbi ifakwe igesi futha ekhethekile.

Yini liqukethe iqoqo imishini igesi cylinder izimoto

Kuye isizukulwane lenani kanye nezici, imishini LPG Systems kungenzeka ukuhluka. Noma kunjalo, ezimweni eziningi, it siqukethe izingxenye ezilandelayo futhi izakhi:

• Negesi ibhodlela nge ohambelana valve;
• reducer;
• mixer;
• dispenser;
• valve Solenoid control unit;
• High-ingcindezi iyunithi;
• Shintsha fuel (igesi / igesi);
• piping, amapayipi amanzi, Izikali futhi instrumentation.

ukwakhiwa okunjalo kuyinto ejwayelekile izinhlelo kakhulu HBO 2 sizukulwane 4th ngaphambili, okuyizinto ezivamile namuhla. zakamuva yesihlanu isizukulwane izinhlelo abe eziyinkimbinkimbi design isikimu kanye esifakiwe ebanzi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, unezela izakhiwo HBO isizukulwane 5th amakhono ngoba isiqondiso esiphumelela ngokwengeziwe the supply fuel, futhi kungaba kakhulu ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwegesi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwenza kube kakhulu eqolo ngaphezu kwanoma lonke isakhiwo wonkana, futhi inkimbinkimbi ukufakwa yayo, ukulungiswa kanye nokugcinwa.

Izici imoto ka LPG imishini lesibili isizukulwane

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwesizukulwane imishini igesi izinhlelo yesibili ukungabi ukusatshalaliswa fuel ukuze isilinda ngalinye ngokuhlukile. Lokhu kancane kwandisa nemingcele gas ukusetshenziswa kuqhathaniswa izakhiwo HBO 4 izizukulwane.
Nokho lezi zinhlelo udumo kunalokho okusezingeni eliphezulu ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:

• nezindleko eziphansi;
• ukufakwa lula kanye nokugcinwa;
• maintainability okusezingeni eliphezulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubeka HBO isizukulwane 2nd kudinga ingasaphathwa Ubuchwepheshe ezijulile futhi isicelo akuyona imishini ikakhulukazi eyinkimbinkimbi kanye namathuluzi. Kuyinto lezi izinhlelo efakiwe, isibonelo, ethandwa "zabuna" KwabaseSoviet Kwakugxile Khona - Vaz-2107 kanye nezinye onobuhle.

Ukungaboni ngaso kwesizukulwane sesine HBO

Ngoba lezi zinhlelo ngalesi sikhathi lamadolobha esimanjemanje kakhulu, uxhumano HBO 4th sizukulwane ukuxazulula zonke izinkinga ezinkulu ukuqeda amaphutha izinhlelo ngaphambili.
Phakathi izici eziyinhloko amayunithi yesimanje yilezi ezilandelayo:

• nokwehla kwezinga petrol ngokusebenzisa izinzwa izinhlaba;
• ikhono ukuvumelanisa umjovo igesi ku isilinda ngamunye;
• icwecwe ukufakwa Ubukhulu, siwuvumele ukubeka hhayi kuphela isiqu imoto, kodwa futhi ngaphansi phansi noma kwenye indawo;
• eziphakeme zokuphepha ukusebenza, akukho ukuvuza fuel, ukulandelwa kwezilinganiso kwemvelo.

Nokho, kuzo zonke zako esobala 3rd uhlelo futhi izizukulwane 4th ibiza kakhulu ukwedlula ababengaphambi zabo.

Ukufakwa, ukulungiswa kanye nokugcinwa imishini igesi for imoto

Kumele kukhunjulwe, ekhuluma HBO, kuba - a kunalokho kuyinkimbinkimbi uhlelo, ukufakwa, ukulungiswa kanye nokusebenza esidinga ulwazi oluthile namakhono. Umsebenzi onjalo sinconywa ukuthemba ochwepheshe kuphela abaqeqeshiwe kanye nolwazi hhayi kuphela ezijulile emkhakheni imishini imoto futhi ukuphepha, kodwa futhi unothile isipiliyoni esiwusizo, kanye wonke arsenal ledzingekako imishini ephambili nezinqubo amathuluzi.

Ngokuvamile, ukufakwa, ukugcinwa kanye Tuning of HBO ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi ezikhethekile amagalaji kanye nezikhungo zomsebenzi. Sinenkosi abaqeqeshiwe hhayi kuphela kanye nezinto ezidingekayo, kodwa futhi ukuhlangabezana zonke izidingo zokuphepha lapho esebenza izinto ezingase zibambe umlilo kalula futhi kuqhume.

Izinzuzo nezingozi LPG yezimoto imishini fuel

Ngamafuphi konke kushiwo ngenhla, singakwazi ukuhlukanisa izinzuzo main of hyperbaric oxygenation izinhlelo futhi uqaphele nemibi zabo eziyinhloko. Letincenye letilandzelako kungenziwa nangegama phakathi izinzuzo imishini igesi yezimoto:

• The kungenzeka Ukonga okukhulu uphethiloli.
• ukusebenza okuphezulu kwemvelo, ukungabi pheze ephelele kwekhabhoni eziyingozi emkhathini. Futhi, abanikazi uthi wezindlu esivuthayo fuel okungukuthi lo mkhuba coking amasilinda yemishini ne-HBO, isimiso, engahambelani.
• Njalo amafutha acengekileyo (futhi, ngenxa amandla omlilo ehlanzekile uphethiloli ekamelweni).
• Kakhulu kangakanani kwencika fuel sezulu kanye izimo zezulu.

Ngokuqondene nebubi HBO, ukubuyekezwa wabanikazi izinhlelo ezinjalo ziholela esiphethweni sokuthi zinezithiyo ezithile esemqoka imi kanje:

• falling imoto amandla ngamandla izinyanga ezinhlanu kuya amaphesenti ayishumi;
• ekuphumeni imishini igesi ne ukufakwa kwe-bafake ngabanye izingxenye, izingxenye kanye nemihlangano yesifunda;
• izinkinga kuyindaba ebalulekile ekutholeni iziteshi ukugcwaliswa ezikhethekile, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezikude kusukela izikhungo emadolobheni amakhulu.

Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuba unqume ukuhambisa imoto yakho igesi fuel, kumele ngokucophelela futhi kahle bakale "kochwepheshe" futhi "nebubi."

Setha noma cha

Kumele kukhunjulwe, ekhuluma HBO, kuba - hhayi indlela ukwenza imoto engcono, ezinamandla ngokwengeziwe futhi imfashini kakhudlwana. Ukufakwa imishini yalolu hlobo - ke nje enye yezindlela ukunciphisa izindleko zezimali wokusebenza imoto. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukonga enjalo ngokuvamile kudinga utshalomali sasivumela abalulekile ukuthi usuthela ngokushesha.

Ukufaka HBO kungaba nakanjani kuthinte ukuphathwa umshini, umsebenzi izinhlelo zayo futhi izindlela, motor ukuziphatha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, nakuba HBO amanje nawesikhathi uthathwa ephephile ngokwanele, ingozi ukuthungela futhi ukuqhuma ayikwazi ngokuphelele wawususa.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-fuel igesi unamandla okusindisa hhayi kuphela isabelomali kodwa futhi ubunjalo. Futhi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isikhule zihamba ngophethiloli, nge umshayeli namanani kungahlolwa unomphela ukuqeda nokwesaba ukwanda okungazelelwe elibukhali amanani.

Ngakho, sathola ukuthi imoto is a imishini igesi cylinder.