Gable ophahleni: truss uhlelo ngaphansi decking, isithombe, umdwebo. Ukubalwa, ukufakwa ophahleni uhlelo ngezandla zabo kophahla gable. Ibanga phakathi imishayo ngaphansi gable ophahleni decking

Uphahla lwezindlu yesimanje emizini yabazalwane ungaba ukucushwa ezahlukene. Izinhlobonhlobo athandwa kakhulu kuba bophahla gable. Inzuzo undoubted yalesi ophahleni abanikazi ezindaweni suburban cabanga okuthembekile, ukubukeka sasivumela ezikhangayo kanye nomnotho. Umklamo ophahleni yalolu hlobo ezinzima elula, ngakho ukukhulisa ngeke kube nzima kuhlanganise izandla zakho siqu.

UHlelo futhi iqine ishidi izinto - yilokhu ngokuvamile Unamekwe ophahleni gable. UKUHLOBISA, isibonelo, lokhu design ofanele nje ephelele. Uphahla kwalesi silwane ivikelwe kahle isikhala elingaphakathi lendlu, kuba isikhathi eside futhi ezishibhile. Yiqiniso, le nqubo ukuze kwakhiwe ophahleni uhlelo ngaphansi decking, kanye nanoma yimaphi amanye impahla, has ezinye zezici zalo.

Ukuqalisa

uya ophahleni gable kanjani? uhlelo Umkhqizi ngaphansi decking ukuthola ophahleni othembekile nonembile uqobo kuphela uma pre-design utawubhalwa iphrojekthi enemininingwane. Ngo ukuthuthukiswa wale mithandazo kuyadingeka ukuze:

• ukubala umthwalo phezu kophahla;

• ukucacisa engela ukuthambekela ramps;

• ukucacisa uhlobo adingekayo zokwakha;

• ukubala Isikhala phakathi imishayo futhi izakhi ikesi;

• ukwenza isidumbu ezinemininingwane imidwebo ebonisa indlela yokuxhuma zonke ISIZINDA.

Uma yonke le misebenzi ngeke kwenziwe ngaphandle kokwenza iphutha - ekugcineni ngaba kophahla eqinile gable. Umshayo system for ibhodi lukathayela, umdwebo okuyinto kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa, isibonelo, isofthiwe ekhethekile kukhompyutha, liyokuma isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka.

umthwalo ukubala

Lesi sinyathelo ekulungiseleleni umtlamo ophahleni awukwazi miss noma kunjalo. Kahle kwenziwa izibalo - isifungo sokuthi ngeke ekugcineni onensika ophahleni gable. Umshayo system for ibhodi lukathayela (umhlangano lo Uhlaka photo, ungabona ngezansi) efakwe nge nemingcele ezilandelayo:

• isisindo zonke osetshenziselwa ekwakhiweni kophahla, izinto;

• kungenzeka iqhwa nomoya imithwalo.

Amanani ka ezimbili zokugcina nemingcele zingatholakala kumathebula ekhethekile elakhelwe esifundeni ngasinye.

Zonke okuholela izibalo izinombolo ukungezwa futhi iphindwe iphuzu lokuphepha 1.1. Buciko ekubalweni ophahleni uhlelo ophahleni gable ukuze sizokwazi ukucacisa kuqala kunazo zonke sinombono adingekayo umhlangano izinto. Futhi, uma sicabangela yokugcina umthwalo inkomba kuyakhethwa engela elikhulu ezisekelweni ophahleni uzimele.

I engela ukuthambekela kumpambuko

Ngaphezu umthwalo uma ukhetha le nkomba kufanele bacabangele futhi izici impahla ukufulela. I-engeli ukuthambekela lukathayela ukufulela imisebe kungenzeka ikhona, kodwa degrees hhayi ngaphansi kuka 12. Uma wenze duda ophahleni, kamuva Kuyokwenzeka. Ngokwenza kanjalo, amahlamvu ziqala ukuba ehle ngaphansi isisindo iqhwa ebusika. Lokho, ophahleni kuyodingeka lilungiswe njalo. Futhi lokhu Yebo, izindleko ezengeziwe.

ERussia emaphakathi, ikhumbula umoya neqhwa umthwalo cishe emhlabeni wonke uvunyelwe sokwakha uphahla nge emthambekeni 30-45 degrees imisebe. Kuyinto kule nguqulo ilungele ibhodi lukathayela. Ngo uphahla eningizimu kwezindlu isikeyiti enyakazayo engela kungaba ezincane, futhi enyakatho noHezekeli - ezinkulu.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, i-choice izindlela ufakile semishayweni bese-ke kuhle ukucabangela ukuthi awakhe kanjani ulandele elisophahleni zizosetshenziswa. Uma lenzelwe ukubonisa ezinye vimbela nokwakha indawo yokuhlala, Rays kangcono ukwenza okwengeziwe esithubeni nje. Kodwa-ke, kuleli cala, ukwakhiwa kophahla izobiza kancane ezibizayo, njengoba kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ukwaziswa okuningi.

Kusukela ngalo ozokwakhela kulo

Yini izinto eziqondile nophahla ezinjalo gable lingakhiwa? uhlelo Umkhqizi, ukufakwa yezandla zabo okuyinto - Kunoma yikuphi, it unesibopho, kumelwe kube njalo, yebo, enokwethenjelwa kakhulu. Kodwa omunye izinzuzo ibhodi lukathayela ukuthi has a isisindo ongaphakeme. Ngakho-ke, noma yikuphi ekhethekile, izinto kakhulu, eliqinile le-inhlangano Uhlaka ukusebenzisa ozikhethela ngaphansi kwaso. Ukuze kube semishayweni ophahleni kuyinto ngempela efanelekayo ugodo standard 150h100 mm. Timber emikhulu cross-section afanele zisebenza kuphela uma Loft okumele asetshenziswe zokuhlala. Semishayweni ngoba uphahla ngokuvamile kwenziwa izingodo 200x100 mm.

Crate ingalandwa kulo uphahla ibhodi 30h100-150 mm. ugodo kakhulu ububanzi, kulesi simo ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa. amabhodi ezinjalo ngemva kwesikhashana nje crack kusukela ukoma asonte eqinile, okuyinto nomthelela omubi kakhulu phezu ukuthembeka ophahleni. Ngaphansi mauerlat kangcono ukuthatha imithi mkhulu - 200x150 mm.

Isinyathelo phakathi timphawu tesakhiwo

Ngokuvamile, ishidi ukukhanya ukwesekwa metal Uhlaka njengoba kubekwe ngokuzikhethela. Ibanga kahle emkhatsini semishayweni ngaphansi gable ophahleni decking -. 60-80 cm Ngokuphathelene ikesi, bese ususa phakathi izakhi zawo ezikhethiwe ngokuvumelana zinhlobo esetshenziswa amashidi. Ngakho, ukuze uthole 0.6-0.7 mm impahla obukhulu ukuphakama profile of 3.5 cm ibhodi kungenzeka libhalwe at ibanga 1.5 m kusuka komunye nomunye.

Kuyinto ngokuvamile 60-70 cm. Lokhu elifanayo kufanelekile zethu ezingokwenyama ejwayelekile CH brand amashidi H lathing isinyathelo. Nge ishidi elincanyana ogibele ikesi, phama ziyakhula 10 cm noma hit by sploshnyakom 12mm ipulangwe noma OSB amapuleti.

Kunjani ukuba Gable ophahleni. Umshayo system for ibhodi lukathayela

Egibele Uhlaka endlini ophahleni ngezinyathelo ezimbalwa:

• isethi mauerlat;

• umshayo ukukhwezwa;

• uma kunesidingo, heater efakwe;

• semishayweni hooped nokuvikela;

• likhreyithi eyayigcwele.

ukufakwa mauerlat

Qala ukwakha isakhiwo ezifana kophahla gable ebhodi lukathayela, ngezandla zabo siqu ukufakwa kwalesi sakhi ethile. Mauerlat ogibele phezulu igobolondo isakhiwo. Njengoba base truss uhlelo kwalesi sakhi usetshenziswa kuphela izindonga brick, okuqinile noma ukuvimba. Ngo bruschatyh aqotshwe ke wenza indima umqhele engenhla. Namathisela ibha izindonga kumele kube usebenzisa ihange imishudo. Kungenzeka futhi ukusebenzisa steel nageli, lashukumisa wire ukushuba 5 mm noma ukudla.

Izindlela for axube semishayweni

Ngokwabo support izakhi ophahleni kungenziwa exhunywe mauerlat ngezindlela ezimbili. Ukuze isitini, isivimbo Monolithic izakhiwo ezisetshenziselwa eqinile nakho ngeke kusize nenkanuko edlulele ubuchwepheshe. Kulokhu, lo semishayweni awashintsheki ukuba mauerlat ngu lashukumisa izingxenye steel nezikulufi noma "node" sezipikili ezintathu (omunye indiza phezulu, ezimbili - ohlangothini ngalunye).

On Chopped izindonga cobbled nemishayo yokhuni awashintsheki faka. Iqiniso lokuthi umuzi onjalo okokuqala emva ukwakhiwa inika ukuncipha eqinile. Ngakho-ke egxilile ophahleni Uhlaka kungaba kamuva nje indaba. Lapho inqubo ngokuhambisa kokungathembeki ekhethekile izakhi ezisetshenziswa ukufaka Trusses, "skids", ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba ezisekelweni in ezahlukene elincane.

Indlela ukufaka

Khweza ukwesekwa izakhi Uhlaka kumele kube lesifanele. Kulokhu, sithola ziyalingana ophahleni Lihle gable. Umshayo uhlelo ngaphansi profiled njengoba omunye umsebenzi okumele iqoqwe usebenzisa ithempulethi. Kulokhu, zonke imilenze kuyodingeka obulinganako. Ukuze uphahla bamisa ebhodi lukathayela ingasetshenziswa njengendlela semishayweni elula ngqo (nge asikiwe ngesikhathi edingekayo engela onqenqemeni) kanye okufana ngokusetha Jacks ngaphansi mauerlat. Phakathi phezulu ifreyimu ukwesekwa ngokuvamile enamathiselwe esebenzisa ekhethekile obukhulu amapuleti steel.

Isethi sokuqala ipulazi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi kwezindawo zabo eliphakeme welulela intambo. Khona-ke, ukuqondiswa yiwo ukusungula amapulazi Lesisemkhatsini. Ngezinye uphahla ezinkulu phakathi angaphandle pair semishayweni ngaphambilini ukukhwezwa yokhalo oluqhutshwa ezisekelweni. Kwakamuva ngokuphephile nasezinsikeni joists.

Ukufakwa ukwahlukanisa kanye ungangenisi amanzi

Uma elisophahleni okufanele ukuze baziphilise, ekwakhiweni kophahla yayo, yebo, kudingeka vimbela. Ophahleni ibhodi lukathayela le njongo, ngokuvamile ezisetshenziswa amaminerali uvolo. Njengomuntu ukwesekwa ngaphansi kwaso kusukela ekamelweni ukuze imishayo tensioned wire. Sami amacansi efakwe vraspor.

Ungangenisi amanzi sutured kuze kube semishayweni nge nokunensa okuncane (2 cm). kakhulu abakwazi ukudonsa tape. Uma kungenjalo, uma ukuguquguquka ifreyimu ungawusebenzisa nje aphule. Ukubuthanela umkhiqizo ungangenisi amanzi bands nendawo kusukela phansi kuze nge ukugqagqana okungenani 10-15 cm.

battens ukukhweza

Ibhodi asekelayo ngaphansi amashidi lukathayela kuvikelwe kuze kube semishayweni by izipikili ububanzi of mayelana 3-3.5 mm. Fastener obuphelele ngaleyo ndlela kufanele idlule ukushuba we izakhi ngokwabo latched kabili. Lomhlangano uqale kusukela kulo uphahla. Namathisela ibhodi kufanele kube ugongolo ngayinye ku izipikili ezimbili. Eminyakeni emibili chungechunge ku ugema eyayigcwele ngaphandle imvume.

Uma likhreyithi libuthene, usungaqala kutshengiseke bezinhlamvu ngokwayo Bent. Ngesikhathi sokugcina esiteji upholstered ibhodi ophahleni gable.

What You Need to Know

Izinkuni - okokusebenza lula kakhulu ukucubungula futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo enamandla ngokwanele. Yingakho truss uhlelo gable ophahleni ngezandla zakhe uya ikakhulukazi izingodo kanye ipulangwe. Nokho, amabhodi ukuphila isikhathi eside kakhulu ngiziqhayise, ngeshwa, abakwazi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uqala crack noma ukubola ophahleni kakrkas kwesakhiwo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi ukuhlangana imishayo namabhodi edingekayo ukuze baphathwe compounds ekhethekile ukwandisa ukumelana kwabo umswakama.

Enye kusimo iyona flammability kwezinkuni. Ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yomlilo ukuze ubuncane, esetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa ugodo isakhiwo Uhlaka kufanele kube, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ngokucophelela ukusingatha ithuluzi, nokwanda kokunqikaza yawo kwaphuma umlilo.

Lapha kule ndlela futhi uya ophahleni gable. Umshayo system for ibhodi lukathayela, njengoba ubona, ukukhwezwa brainer. Noma kunjalo, ukufakwa ifreyimu kophahla - it unesibopho kakhulu. Uma ukwephula kwanoma iyiphi ubuchwepheshe abanikazi indlu esikhathini esizayo nakanjani unenkinga ukuvuza, isidingo esikhundleni izakhi ngabanye, nokunye. D. Ngakho ukuza emhlanganweni uhlelo ophahleni truss imele wemfanelo kakhulu.