Dude - ke ... I subculture zeminyaka 50-60 e-USSR

Abantu abasha ngaphansi kwanoma yimuphi umbuso ulwela yokuzibeka, ngakho ngaso sonke isikhathi kukhona izinkomba ezahlukene, libhekene ukubukeka kanye nombono emhlabeni kubo bonke abanye namaqembu omphakathi. Lawa kwakungamadodana dudes. Iminyaka ye Stalin inkathi ziye zabangela ukuvela ukunyakaza kwabantu abasha owalwela ilungelo labo lenkululeko ngokuqinisa izingubo, amazwi nomculo. Abenzi lutho obiza umbuso shintsho, baba ngifuna banelilungelo ungubani yabo emhlabeni onokuqundeka futhi impersonality. Sitshele ukuthi uhlobo subculture, futhi umehluko phakathi isithombe dudes.

Umsuka wegama subculture

Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa kuyinto Dandy - kuwumphumela ezicini eziningana. Ngemva Okthoba Revolution kuka-1917, iSoviet Union kwaba ngo ukungavunyelwa kwabantu bakwamanye amazwe, futhi kuphela ngemva kwempi yezwe yesibili, saphinde saqala oxhumana nabo emazweni angaphandle. Lokhu kuholela yokuthi kuleli zwe kukhona ugqinsi abantu njalo aya kwamanye amazwe, futhi izingane zabo. Kuyinto izingane bosomaqhinga nezisebenzi ezohwebo, futhi yaba isisekelo i abasafufusa iqembu yezenhlalakahle intsha eyayibhalwe. Angathanda ukugcizelela isici, futhi ngenxa yalesi zikhetha ekhethekile entshonalanga ukubukeka, umculo kanye nokunye. N.

Futhi ku nokwakha isiko lokuphatha Mods kuthinte ezikhulayo umbhikisho sangaphakathi intsha ngokumelene grayness zokuphila nobumpofu. Lokhu umqondo indondo baphehla izinto, amafilimu, imisebenzi zomculo. Abantu abasha abafuna ngemva kweminyaka eminingi kangaka ubunzima iholide, ukukhanya, okungavamile. izingubo Mods, ukunambitheka kwabo umculo, umdanso baba inselele Wokulawula sphere yangasese.

I etymology kwegama

Ekuqaleni, amalungu alesi subculture bazibize shtatnika njengoba sibheke isibonelo njengoba sihlanganisa lonke izwe-United States of America. Kodwa ngo-1949 kumagazini i-ethandwa amahlaya ngokuthi "Ingwenya" wabonakala lampoon "izinhlobo ukuthi bangene esikhathini esidlule." Lichaza into entsha social - Western isiko abalandeli - njengoba alien ngokuphelele futhi eziyingozi emphakathini waseSoviet, kwabonakala okokuqala futhi igama elithi "dudes". Subculture wayechazwa ngokuthi uhlobo ukuziphatha ezonakele bangakufanelekeli umuntu Soviet. umfanekiso ocacile kanye pungency umbhalo yabakhanga umphakathi, futhi izwi usephendukele abantu.

Kancane kancane, igama yokuqala "shtatniki" wanyamalala nesilulumagama amaphephandaba, abantu ngokwabo izishoshovu. Kukhona inguqulo ukuthi igama elithi "dudes" livela egameni "isitayela" njengoba into ebaluleke kakhulu esihlukanisa lesi ukunyakaza intsha kuzo zonke ezinye. Futhi ngisho kukhona kokuqagela ukuthi leli gama livela isitsotsi jazz. Noma kunjalo, ekuqaleni 50s ezothatha ihlandla elisha lizimelele ngemuva lokhu ukunyakaza komphakathi.

Imibono ukunyakaza

Dude - ungumuntu othi izimiso Western wokukhuluma ngenkululeko. Nokho, isichasiso lokhu imibono yokungabi nandaba subculture sihlubuki akulungile. Abantu abasha abafuna bavunyelwe ulalele umculo ukuthi bathanda, futhi umdanso njengoba abayithandayo. Kulesi subculture kwakungekho amafilosofi pro-Western, okuyinto wazama ukuba kuthiwe kubo. Kodwa njengoba US kubhekwe ngokusemthethweni isimo isitha, futhi nokuphakamisa isiko American kwabonakala umbuso. Eqinisweni, umfanekiso dudes - kwaba kuphela uhlobo sivikele inkululeko ngombono yayo kanye ukunambitheka futhi akukho okunye. The main yokuchitha isizungu Mods sasigibela futhi emaphathini. E-Moscow, indawo esemqoka ye ukuvakasha kwaba Tverskaya Street - "Broadway".

Imfashini imvunulo dudes

Uphawu oyinhloko Mods ukubukeka kwabo. Isithombe ejwayelekile abamele kulo mphakathi uye savela futhi washintsha, ongakabi akha "zakudala" version. Suit dudes besilisa lalinabashumayeli leggings-dudochek, ibhantshi owufanelekela nge ububanzi emahlombe padded, uthayi egqamile futhi izicathulo pointy. Kulokhu ntandokazi colorings njengoba egqamile grey abavamile indlela ukuphikiswa emhlabeni.

Isifundo olukhethekile ukunakekelwa ngamunye dudes - kwekhanda. uboya High ekhanda lakhe, umpheki, kwaba isici esisemqoka yesithombe. Futhi suit ngokuvamile eyayihambisana izibuko, ngokuphelele engekho indoda Soviet.

Y hipsters amantombazane izinqumo imvunulo ayemaningi. Kwaba ngokuvamile ngigqoke isitayela New Look nge okhalweni ewumngcingo, isiketi okugcwele cleavage. Kamuva, baningi igqoka ifomu esinamathelayo umphetho wengubo ezigcizelela sibalo. elementi okuphoqelekile isithombe babe nezicathulo encane isithende lwalugobile kanye nesikhwama esincane.

Imibala nazo zamukelwa ogxile elikhanyayo. Kwadingeka ukugqoka amasokisi - isihloko okunethezeka engakaze ibonwe. Ngakho-ke, labo ababengenamandla okukuthola ukuthenga kubo, enelisekile ngokwabo nge sifinyelela umphetho ngqo ngezinyawo angenalutho inki ongenakucimeka wokulingwa. Girls abaqhuba ayegcwele ukwakheka ngemicibisholo phezu kwamehlo kanye lipstick egqamile. Ekhanda bakha izinwele ngendlela umqhele noma kuhlobisa izinwele bands, isikhafu kukhanya noma usebe. Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi amantombazane babe mikhulu imigexo: imigexo, namacici, omfisha, namasongo.

Laba bantu abasha elikhanyayo, yebo, kakhulu wama phandle ngokumelene isizinda onokuqundeka nobumpofu ngakhoke ukhangwa eziningi ukunakwa. abagqoka lungenzeka abavela kwamanye amazwe, okuyinto kwaba amayunithi itholakala kuphela abathengwa befisa noma thunga ngokwakho. Esimweni esinjalo, umbuthano kwakhiwa abathungi okuyinto sheathe stilyagi.

umculo hipsters

Umthombo oyinhloko ugqozi salokhu subculture ibhekwa jazz American. imisebenzi sezenkolo ingoma kusukela movie "Sun Valley Serenade" by Glenn Miller Orchestra, le izingoma Duke Ellington, Eddi Roznera, Charlie Parker, uBenni Gudmena. EU.SSR osomaqhinga abasisiwe ochwepheshe bawungenisa irekhodi imfashini umculo American kusukela izwe bafika-Elvis Presley, Chak Berri, Baddi Holli nezinye abaculi e isitayela rock and roll.

Ngaleso sikhathi, Dude - wayeyindoda owayeyazi kahle ubuciko yaseNtshonalanga, ikakhulukazi e-US. Lalela lokhu umculo ubengase abe phezu emafulethini noma izikhungo ukusebenzela izakhamuzi zakwamanye amazwe (ezifana "Cocktail Hall" eMoscow). Amarekhodi Privozimye ziphindaphindwe at studios komhlaba soundtrack lasetshenziswa-X ray, ngakho isidlaliso "Umculo emathanjeni."

Kancane kancane, kule ndawo, kwakhiwa esiyingini yabo siqu abaculi edlala jazz rock and roll. Ngokwesibonelo, UJazzman owaziwa futhi saxophonist Alexei Kozlov selikhule ngokunembile ngenxa yaleli isiko.

Ukudansa mods

Lokhu isiko Yaveza bedansa yabo, okuyinto basebephuma ukumelana izitayela ezivamile babe idwala imfashini kanye roll, foxtrot, Charleston, Boogie-Woogie. Hipsters e ikhono ukudansa lokuveza isimo sabo sengqondo iziqondiso ekhona nemikhawulo. Bonisa ikhono lakho on the dance floor ayengakwenza, amathilomu ngisho emigwaqweni, lapho dandies ngokuvamile okuhleliwe "imiboniso". I dance waboniswa inselele zomphakathi, wathumela dudes egalitarianism Soviet.

isichazamazwi

Ukuze ubheke dudes yabo ethile ziye zasungula ngolimi lwabo, ogxile lithathelwe amathokheni isitsotsi English jazz. Kwakuwusuku lomkhakha ukuthi enze umsebenzi kuhlukanise abantu ku abangane nezitha. Emadolobheni ezahlukene Mods inkulumo ngamazwi, avame ukubeka amagama, kodwa kube khona afanayo lucebe, nobuntu wonke subculture. Ngakho, kwaba ngemavi selisho ezindaweni ezahlukene, "Broadway" - wayengumuntu imizi ngemizi yayo, "Iqhude" ( "Cocktail Hall"). amathokheni Abaningi kwakusho abantu of izinhlobo ezahlukene: Dude, chuvikhi, izinkwa, Redneck, Phaser. Ukuze amagama umdanso kanye zomculo izitayela ukusebenzisa imigomo ajwayelekile: rock and roll, jazz, foxtrot, Boogie-Woogie. Hipsters amagama amaningi zithathelwe ngolimi lwesiNgisi ukuqamba izinto izingubo: amasokisi, taok, hetok, izicathulo, dzhaketok.

Inhlamba

Ngo-USSR, Dude - kungcono isici engamukelekile, Otherness yayo kubhekwa njengekhambi elingaba usizo usongo ekuhlelekeni komphakathi kanye nokufaneleka ngokokuziphatha kwezinqubo umuntu Soviet. Ngasekupheleni kwawo-40-yalolucwaningo kuleli zwe lowacala bashukwa cosmopolitanism, futhi lokhu subculture khona target esihle kakhulu ukungenelela Komsomol nezishoshovu party. Kwakukhona onogada esabamba Mods, usike kubo coca, izingubo zidabukile.

I cindezela dudes 50s babé target ozithandayo inhlekisa futhi emkhuza. Kwakukhona okuningi opopayi futhi izihloko satirical besiklolodela lokhu ukunyakaza. Ukuze uquqaba, laba bantu abasha banikezwe njengoba amakhophi engenalutho onobuhle Western, benqatshelwa izwe, ukunambitheka kanye nokuziphatha. Inani elikhulu of hipsters ezweni lonke ayibalangwa izinhlangano ezingekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni, bona abazange baxoshwe emisebenzini yabo. Konke lokhu kwaholela kulokho okwakubizwa dudes ekuqaleni apolitical waqala ukuzonda kokubusa kweSoviet futhi umbhikisho waqala ukuthola olwalusikisela zezombusazwe.

Hipsters iminyaka ezahlukene

Ngaphakathi lokhu subculture kungabonwa esisemthethweni kwemvelo ngemibono. Hipsters, a subculture eladabuka ngasekupheleni 40-yalolucwaningo e-USSR, ekuqaleni iqembu abantu abanentshisekelo cinema nomculo USA. Kodwa in the 50s crystallization isitayela kanye nomklamo of the initial umbhikisho ukunyakaza. Ekupheleni kuka-50s, abameleli abaningi lokhu subculture banesimo sengqondo esingaqondile ukuze kokubusa kweSoviet futhi ngasese ngiphuphe ukushiya i-USSR.

Kamuva dudes 60s ulahlekelwe ukuphikisana abukhali kwemizwa umphakathi. Ukubheduka ncibilika kuye kwaholela ukugxekwa okwandile kombuso wamaSoviet ka Stalin kwesikhathi, ngakhoke Mods Inkulumo bebelokhu ayakhanya. Kuyeke ukuhlukunyezwa kwabantu abasha, futhi kancane kancane Trend fizzles, it is esikhundleni esisha subculture kwentsha.

Okusho subculture stilyagi

Lokhu ukunyakaza komphakathi ushiye lokungcolisa enkulu nomphakathi wamaSoviet. dudes abaningi, aye adonsa iminyaka ekuhloleni art American, tembatfo, ulimi, eminyakeni kamuva owaba yingxenye ongqondongqondo baleli zwe. Izazi zezenhlalo ziphawula ukuthi lokhu subculture kwaba ukuhamba lokuqala ezinkulu kwezenhlalo, okuyinto kwaba ukuqala kumiswa intsha eziningi izinhlangano lolungakahleleki: hippie, amapunk, rockers - bona bonke ngandlela-thile abadliwa Mods amasiko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaklami lokhu ukunyakaza spodviglo Russian ukucabanga lokhu ngokudalwa kuka-intsha isitayela, search amafomu amasha, okwakuyoholela anqobe le onokuqundeka elifanayo labantu Soviet.