Igazi - kuba main ketshezi imvelo umzimba kwangaphakathi, kodwa ngoba izici eziningi: zokuphefumula, ukudla, ezokuthutha kanye nabanye abaningi. Ngokusebenza zabo, enesifo isakhiwo emangalisayo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Lena izakhi hhayi kuphela eliyindilinga, kodwa futhi sebuningini yenethiwekhi amaprotheni (albumin, i haptoglobin, transferrin), izakhi ezijiyisayo (FI-FXIII), kanye uhlelo umphelelisi sesikhashana izinhlelo zomzimba, njll Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izingxenye zalo bangahlanganyela ngesikhathi esifanayo ngaphandle nezikhathi nomunye futhi ukugcina ubuqotho babo futhi umsebenzi, lokhu Indwangu has a isethi constants asixhasayo esimweni liquid. Ngakho, i-unomphela ingcindezi oncotic kudingekile lemali esiqinile amaprotheni, ukuze silondoloze acid-base yakhoibrium - sesikhashana uhlelo igazi, izakhiwo osmotic - ion electrolyte ibhalansi ezahlukene - sodium, i-potassium, chlorine, magnesium calcium. Kubalulekile futhi kakhulu ratio coagulation futhi anticoagulation izinhlelo, lokhu ekunqandeni izici ngaphandle kokuba ukuba esigabeni sokungasebenzi. Temperature kuthinta isimo amaphrotheni, ingcindezi ngokwengxenye amagesi (oxygen ne-carbon dioxide) ubonisa degree of umsebenzi zokuphefumula.
isakhiwo
Buffer izinhlelo plasma - kukhona ukuzivikela main ukulondoloza pH, ngoba isezingeni izinkomba ezithile bangase flow sebuningini zamakhemikhali. Ukuze abasize, kukhona kudingeka kuhlinzekwe isamba sika-carbon dioxide futhi ukukhanya metabolites - izinso.
Kodwa-ke uhlelo igazi sesikhashana - okuthiwa zokuqala zokuzivikela lapho ebona yenza izinguquko kancane kwezinye izinkomba nto oyibukayo ngeke iphele. Zakhiwa izingxenye ezimbili alinganayo - donor futhi proton acceptor, sibonga ubuhlobo yomsebenzi lapho can kokubili imvelo alkalify futhi oxidizing. Ngo abantu kukhona 4 sesikhashana uhlelo igazi: Bicarbonate (acceptor Na / KHCO3 + H2CO3 onikelayo), phosphate (donor H2PO4 + acceptor efomini sodium yayo noma potassium usawoti), i-hemoglobin (donor - uqobo-hemoglobin / kuye umoya-mpilo-ukuma, kuyilapho acceptor - elihlobene ne uxhumano ke - gemoglobinat / oksigemoglobinat). Futhi izakhiwo iyashintsha kukhona plasma amaprotheni okungase ngokulinganayo ukukhonza njengendlela base kanye njengenhlangano acid. Ngakho, uhlelo kokubhafa ka-pH igazi siyagcinwa uhla medium 7.35 (e ngemithambo) kanye 7.40 (e imithambo).
pH
Lapho yisiphi isifo kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka izinqubo umzimba emzimbeni, ebonakaliswa ukuthuthukiswa wegazi alkalosis (predominance ane-alikhali medium) noma lactic (esidi). Lokhu kuthinta izakhi obumba, kungasimamisi yabo cell ulwelwesi namaprotheni impairing isakhiwo sabo. Ngakho ke, ukushintsha kwamakhemikhali zephule run evamile futhi sokugembula: anda igazi ekunqandeni, ukusebenza amasosha omzimba ngokumelene amaseli ayo futhi, ngokukhethekile, imiphumela emibi phezu isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko (kubangela encephalopathy). Lokhu kuholela ukuthuthukiswa yezinkinga kanye eziya ziba zimbi inkambo isifo, kanti ayingozi kakhulu, ungagijima izindlela ukwephulwa ukwazi isiguli kuze ukuthuthukiswa ikhoma.