Brucellosis - Iyini?

Umuntu ngamunye odla ubisi, ushizi nenyama. Ezinye ingxenye labantu igcina ezifuywayo: njengoba abangane noma njengendlela sakusihlwa sesikhathi esizayo. Kungakhathaliseki isimo izilwane ezinjalo kukhona abathwali izifo eziyingozi ezithathelwanayo ezingase zidlulele kubantu.

Noma kunjalo, kungabangela eziningi izinkinga ezingase ziholele nemiphumela kunalokho edabukisayo. Brucellosis - lokhu ungomunye walabo ukunqotshwa.

Incazelo isifo

Brucellosis - isifo esithathelanayo ukuthi sisuka ezifuywayo ukuze abantu. It libhekene sezinzwa uhlelo izilonda, osteo-articular apharathasi, kanye mathonya alimazayo izitsha inhliziyo negazi.

Umthombo yalesi sifo kukhona Brucella - nezilwanyana ezincane ukuthi ifa ukumelana abalulekile amathonya ezithile zemvelo: umswakama high noma lokushisa ongaphakeme.

Ukungena zabo emzimbeni womuntu senzeka ngokusebenzisa nolwelwesi lwamafinyila noma isikhumba. Okulandelayo, lapho bexhuma nge amaseli bese ngenkuthalo ukuthuthukisa kubo, bese ngokusebenzisa-lymph kanye imithambo yegazi zasakazekela umzimba.

Lapho injected umnkantsha, ubende, isibindi, noma ezinye izitho neqhaza ukuvela Brucella emagciwaneni, eminye kuholela ekwakhekeni izinguquko esisheshayo-nomzimba. Lapho igciwane ngamanye amagciwane esikhathini lesi sifo awokuthi inqubo oyingozi futhi ezingalapheki.

Brucellosis: izinhlobo Amagciwane

Okwamanje, ungakwazi ukuhlukanisa ejenti eziyisithupha avelele isifo okukhulunywa ngalo:

1. Brucellosis MPC (ruminants amancane) okubangelwa ejenti Br. Melitensis futhi Br. Ovis - imvu ngamunye.
2. Br. abortus suis esivela izingulube.
3. Ukuze izinkomo kuyalimaza igciwane zinhlobo Br. abortus bovis.
4. Br. neotomae - I-zasogwadule amagundane. Lolu hlobo lwe-non-pathogenic ukuba abantu.
5. Br. inja - inja.

Ngo oyiyo morphological ala magciwane azihlukile kakhulu komunye nomunye. Ngokuvamile la magciwane zinezikhathi:

• ukuma isiyingi noma okusaqanda nge osayizi ku uhla kusuka 0.3 kuya 0.6 microns;
• gramootritsatelny futhi unekhono ezimila abavamile izakhi abezindaba;
• the Amagciwane sub-culturing kuqala evela endikimbeni akhiwa kancane kunalokho okwalandela;
• wadalula Brucella-antibiotic kungenziwa siguqulelwa L-ukuma;
• I-bacterium enjalo ngokuvamile uyakwazi ekujuleni kwengqamuzana futhi bathole ezinye parasitize khona;
• ikakhulukazi uma bebhujiswa, kukhona kudingeka kuhlinzekwe isamba sika endotoxin.

Ukutheleleka zingadilizwa baligcine imizuzu engu-30 degrees 60. Lapho abilisiwe, zife ngokushesha. Futhi Brucella kokulimaza elangeni futhi izinto ezisetshenziswa magciwane. Kodwa ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphansi zikhona isikhathi eside.

imizila ukuchayeka ezingenzeka

Brucella babe Ubukhulu ezincane kanye izakhiwo eziqinile kaPawulu angena ajule, siyivumele ukuba zingene ngesikhumba, okungadingi ngisho obungefani. Ukutheleleka nge umzimba wenziwa ngezindlela ezilandelayo:

• ngokuthintana ngqo kwezilwane ezinegciwane;
• ngenkathi ukungenisa ezingacubunguliwe inyama nemikhiqizo yalo, aqukethe igciwane;
• ekwenzeni izinto kusukela uboya esikhumbeni sesilwane;
• ngu amaconsi;
• Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto eziphilayo ne indle zabo ukungcolisa ebusweni, okuyinto ke baxhumana nabantu, ngaleyo ndlela kwande amathuba okuba nezifo.

Uma sicabanga izimbangela ukutheleleka ke kungenziwa baphetha ngokuthi brucellosis kuyinto isifo nomsebenzi abantu abasebenza imfuyo abelusi, imfuyo, ochwepheshe wezilwane. Amathuba eliphakeme ukutheleleka ebonwe ukusiza isilwane phakathi kwezidingo inqubo.

Ngokuphawulekayo, brucellosis izinkomo angadluliselwa nezinye izilwane noma abantu. Kodwa lesi sifo ayihambi phakathi abantu.

izinhlobo isifo

Ubukhulu kwenkathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile ingeqi kwezinsuku ezingu-30, lapho kumiswa inguqulo esicashile zesifo - izinsuku ezingu-90.

Asikwazi ukuhlukanisa 4 izinhlobo brucellosis:

1. Olunamandla. Libhekene ikhanda, ukhwehlela nobuhlungu bomzimba, izinkinga ne isifiso sokulala, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme, okuyinto siyahluka kakhulu esikhathini esifushane. brucellosis olunamandla lungaphezu ngokushesha kule age ezingaphansi kuka kwasebekhulile.
2. Subacute. Ngaphezu izici ezingenhla, kukhona izinkinga kanye amalunga nemisipha, ne isihlalo, kanye ngangokunokwenzeka ukuqubuka nomzimba. Leli fomu libhekene yansukuzonke uthi febrile. Isiguli bangezwa ukushintshana okuqhubekayo kwemizwelo, ubuhlungu emalungeni kanye muscle izicubu.
3. Okungalapheki. Kakhulu ukuthonywa izifo ezithile zesimiso sezinzwa. Ngenxa yalokho, kungase kuphazamise umsebenzi ejwayelekile ukuzwa, umbono, nozwela emzimbeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo ukuhlupheka zemisipha kanye uhlelo urogenital.
4. Asalayo. Libhekene kahle umlingisi sokusebenza. Ikakhulukazi, kubathinta kabi izitsha inhliziyo negazi, okubangela yezinkinga ezihlukahlukene esikhathini eside.

Isigaba ukugeleza ukutheleleka

Ama-bacterium ngemva kokuba hit emzimbeni bayabanjwa ngu-macrophage, lapho ziba bese uya-lymph, lapho zabiwa wonke umzimba.

Mayelana imisebenzi efana bungabonakala Brucella ukutheleleka ukugeleza 5 izigaba:

1. Lymph node. It kulingana kwesikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni. Amagciwane kungaba isikhathi eside emzimbeni womuntu, ngaphandle kokukubonisa ngokwabo.
2. Hematogenous. Ngemva ukuqongelela ingxenye enkulu Brucella ukutheleleka ama-lymph node ziqala ukuvela wonke umzimba.
3. Isigaba poliochagovyh izindawo. lwegciwane maseli ethunjwa phagocytes izitho ngabanye, okuholela kwetinhlavu foci ukutheleleka.
4. Isigaba ekzoochagovyh ukusilaphazeka. Kwaqhubeka esebenza Brucella ukusabalalisa ekwakhekeni izinguquko esisheshayo bemvelo nomzimba.
5. baye bathi sebeshintshe ngokuphelele isigaba. Kulesi sigaba, kukhona isixazululo okuphelele ukutheleleka noma ukuthuthukiswa eziphikelelayo nezibazi izilonda kwezitho ezibuhlungu.

Brucellosis: izimpawu kubantu, isithombe ukunqotshwa

ukutheleleka ngamunye inezimpawu. Futhi uma wazi futhi siqonde izimpawu ezidingekayo, kungenzeka ukuba ligweme izinkinga ezingase zivele ahlukahlukene.

1. Ngendlela efanele usaqala lesi sifo kunzima kakhulu ukuxilonga, kusukela ukuphendula converges ku Brucellosis izimpawu nge Umkhuhlane noma ezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane: lokushisa eliphezulu ezingase zifinyelele ku-40 °, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukungakuthandi ukudla isisindo, nobuthakathaka.
2. Kuye uhlobo lwegciwane engaveza nezinye izimpawu: ukuhlanza, ukukhishwa isisu, abscesses ukuthuthukisa kwezitho zomzimba ezahlukene.
3. Ngokuhamba kwaleso sifo livela nokunganaki njalo, ubuthakathaka okwandisa, ubuhlungu emalungeni. Konke lokhu kuhambisana nokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa komzimba, okuyinto enomthelela isimo okunomkhuhlane, futhi Ukugodola.
4. Ngendlela oyingozi zingavela fibrositis emisipheni nasemalungeni cellulite, komzimba nezinto, amawala, dermatitis, iziyaluyalu ku isimiso semithambo yegazi. Lesi sigaba kuyinto yingozi ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, ngoba isifo kuhilela Izitho zangasese, okungase kuholele ekubeni uthunyelelwe ukubeletha singakafiki isikhathi noma ukuphuphuma.
5. Ifomu ezingamahlalakhona libhekene izinguquko eziphawulekayo enqabayo emzimbeni womuntu, kubangela izinkinga ezinkulu ne amalunga omzimba, uhlelo genitourinary, amasosha omzimba zomzimba.

Ngakho, lesi sifo kunzima kakhulu - brucellosis. Izimpawu kubantu, isithombe kanye nencazelo jikelele isimo umzimba, ngokushesha avumela ukubala ukutheleleka ukuvimbela okubi kakhulu noma ukushintshela esigabeni ezingamahlalakhona.

ukuhlola

Ukuze kusenesikhathi sifo elandelayo uphethwe usebenzisa izindlela brucellosis:

1. ukuhlaziya ngokwezibalo kwemininingwane izimo esifundeni, izinombolo okumele kuqinisekiswa yokuthi okudla inyama nemikhiqizo yalo kusukela kwezilwane ezinegciwane.
2. Eqhuba umlando izikhalazo, okuyinto kumele iboniswe izimpawu ukutheleleka.
3. Ukuhlaziya igazi, umchamo, cerebrospinal fluid kanye articular ku ahlukene izakhi ophansi. Uma akha amagciwane ethize, it is a isiqinisekiso ukutheleleka.
4. Hlola luvelo izigaba ezithile kwama-antibiotic.
5. Ukusabela Wright. Le ndlela ewusizo ngoba kungenzeka ukunquma khona isifo ezinsukwini zokuqala. Ubuchwepheshe kanje: in ngamapayipi ukuhlolwa ingezwe igazi serum labantu abanaleli gciwane namaseli afile Brucella. Uma akhiwa ishq, ke uphethwe omuhle.
6. YeSampuli Brunet. Ngaphansi kwesikhumba amaprotheni lwegciwane yethulwa futhi esikalini degree of ububomvu ingxenye.
7. Indlela polymerase chain reaction. Ichaza Brucella DNA uketshezi lomzimba.
8. Coombs. Isetshenziselwa ukunquma ifomu ezingamahlalakhona. Eyenziwa ukuhlolwa igazi ukubona amasotsha omzimba elinegciwane ethize ezihambisana nesifo.

Indlela esiphatha ngayo brucellosis?

Injongo eyinhloko ekwelapheni brucellosis - kucinisekisa zokuvimbela esifike ukusabalala kwaleso sifo kanye nokwehla izimpawu noma akuqede.

Lapho izimpawu zokuqala ukutheleleka kudinga esibhedlela ngokushesha esibhedlela. Ukwelashwa kufanele kube ngaphansi eduze kweso lwezokwelapha.

Ekuqaleni inkambo kwamaphilisi babelwe: uzodinga ukuthatha "rifampicin" futhi "Doxycycline". Kwezinye izimo kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa eqeda ukuvuvukala.

Ukuze sisekele isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezingeni lelifanele ngesikhathi isifo, anikeze isiguli imithi ezithuthukisa umzimba ozivikela ngayo.

Zonke izenzo onguchwepheshe ukuya zincike esigabeni ukutheleleka kanye ukuvuza izici ngabanye umsebenzi umzimba womuntu.

Ngendlela ezingamahlalakhona kukhona ukusetshenziswa langempela yokwelapha ultrahigh-imvamisa namabhati upharafini. Le ndlela Kuhilela ukuthola ukwelashwa spa lesiguli.

zokuvimbela

Ukuvimbela brucellosis, noma okungenani ngezinga elithile, ukunciphisa amathuba okuba nezifo, kubalulekile ukulandela izinyathelo ezikhethekile izifo.

Izenzo ezilandelayo okuhloswe ngokuyinhloko at ekuvimbeleni ukutheleleka zemfuyo:

• imfuyo izimo inhlolovo njalo;
• ngabodwa ngesikhathi esifanele abantu abangenwe;
• enifeza lokugoma ehlelekile;
• magciwane gqwa kwezakhiwo.

iqembu ingozi - abantu abavamise nabo izilwane kanye nemikhiqizo yazo. Ikakhulukazi singangena kule abasebenzi vet umtholampilo. Ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokutheleleka, udinga:

• ukulandela izidingo sanitary-epidemiological kule ibhizinisi;
• ngokuqinile ukugcina imithetho kwenhlanzeko: ukusetshenziswa amagilavu, buso, izibulali-magciwane, ukuze silondoloze ezithweni kwendawo izilwane;
• njalo eminyakeni emibili kuyinto imigomo edingekayo;
• uzivikele ukudla imikhiqizo engahluziwe yobisi, kanye nalabo imikhiqizo yezilwane eziye uthenge nalo.

Imiphumela kanye nezinkinga

Brucellosis - imbangela izilonda umsebenzi zokuzala, isimiso sezinzwa, isibindi kanye nezinye izingxenye ezibalulekile zomzimba womuntu.

Phakathi engaba engakhi ukukhululwa:

1. Endocarditis. Enye yezinto eziyinhloko ezibangela ukuthi ekufeni in iziguli brucellosis. nomphumela olimazayo umsebenzi valve inhliziyo.
2. Isifo sokuqaqamba kwamalunga. isifo Joint. Ukuvuvukala kusukela ukutheleleka kubangela ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala kanye kunciphisa umsebenzi ukunyakaza.
3. Ukutheleleka ingathinta futhi epididymo wamasende okubangela emizweni ezingemnandi endaweni imbilapho, nezinkinga ukuchama.
4. Ngo izilonda isifo sesibindi ubende kwandisa yabo ngobukhulu, okuyinto kuhambisana ubuhlungu.
5. Uma igciwane oye wathinta isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko, kungadala meningitis encephalitis - ukuvuvukala meninges. Ngenxa yalokho - ukulahlekelwa esinqunyiwe noma ephelele yombono.
6. Uma umuntu wesifazane okhulelwe iyagula brucellosis, kuba ingozi eliphezulu kwesisu, wazalwa kungakabi isikhathi, ukuthuthukiswa okungavamile umbungu.

Labo abagulayo nge ngegciwane, kungenzeka izimpawu asalile: anda ukujuluka, ukucasuka, ubuhlungu kanye deformation amalunga omzimba, ukulungisa okungase kudinge kokungenela kuhlinzwa.

Ephukile brucellosis ngqo akuyona njalo kakhulu. Ezimweni eziningi, le umphumela odabukisayo kufika ku ukuthuthukisa ukuxakeka.

Brucellosis - isifo esithathelanayo okungukuthi ngokwanele usongo ezinzima nempilo yabantu kanye ukuphila. Kuyingozi ngenxa yokuthi ayikho indlela ngempumelelo ukubhekana naso - ungakwazi kuphela abophe izimpawu.

Ngezinga elikhulu ke echayeke ingxenye sabantu, okuyinto sisondelene izilwane. abesilisa nabesifazane yibona phakathi ukutheleleka ezithelelekile kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nezingane bayagula.