Barack - uphawu kwenkathi. Inkinga yokuntuleka kwezindlu zangenkathi zokubusa ngesimiso sokusebenzela uhulumeni

Umlando bokwakha endaweni Russia yesimanje zingahlukaniswa zibe ivolumu mlando ezine. Isigaba sokuqala - Izinkuni netshe izakhiwo, eyaqala xv-XVI eminyaka. Eyesibili esiteji - isiko ekwakheni XVII-XIX eminyaka. Isikhathi sesithathu - XX leminyaka, owesine - kulesi sikhathi samanje.

izindlu zomphakathi: ohlanganyelwe

Eminyakeni okwakhayo kweSoviet umbuso ukwakhiwa Izakhiwo zokuhlala nendawo yomphakathi usebhekene izinguquko eziningi ezingeke ngokuthi omuhle. Architects, athatha izintambo ngesikhathi zikhathi lalibhekisela ke linqoba ngendlela yokuxazulula le nkinga yokuntuleka kwezindlu, ukujwayeza yona entsha, ezingokoqobo ngisho sibi.

Esikhathini eko ekuqaleni kwekhulu XX kobuholi Soviet Russia Akazange ababheke njengezinto isidingo nokuthuma amaphrojekthi entsha yezindlu. Inkinga yaxazululeka ne Izindawo zabahlali esasinedumela elibi, "uphawu" amafulethi abavamile kakhulu, okuyinto kamuva wathola isimo Umbuso indawo yomphakathi.

emabhalekisini

Ngesikhathi leli gama livela ekuphileni kwansuku zonke indoda Soviet njengendlela "emabhalekisini". Lona omunye umzamo iziphathimandla ukusebenzisa ipumelelo ababengaphambi zabo, ngubani baphinde ifektri futhi imboni abasebenzi emabhalekisini, bese wakha indlu ezishibhile. Ngo ezifana izakhiwo esilula zangenkathi yangaphambi-revolution baqoqene umndeni steelmakers, abavukuzi basezimayini, Turners, grinders nabanye.

UBharaki - isakhiwo umumo elingunxande, esakhiwa esitezi. amakamelo Ukuhlala zitholakala nhlangothi zombili ephasishi lapho eqhubeka eduze kwamabhalekisi yonke ingxenye APC. Ngesinye ekupheleni sakhiwo endaweni ukupheka, kwezinye - hardware iyunithi.

Barack - ikhaya yesikhashana. Lokho kanjani iphrezethe nabaholi bamabhizinisi ukusebenza. Njengoba ehlelwe yi-"seo" indlu Barrack-like kwakungafanele kube angaphezu kwayisihlanu, esiphezulu iminyaka eyishumi. Eqinisweni, abantu abaningi abahlala ayichitha emabhalekisini eminyakeni engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu.

isakhiwo front

Esikhathini zamashumi amahlanu kwekhulu XX sasiqhutshelwa a ukuthuthela kwamanye amazwe kwenqwaba, esangenza izigidi abasebenzi ukushiya emabhalekisini phakade. Kwaba isenzakalo esiyingqopha-mlando. Phakathi nale nkathi, izwe kwakhululwa kwagcizelela izakhiwo zikakhonkolo, okwakhiwa kuso kusukela multi-storey amabhlogo yokuhlala.

Ngokungafani isakhiwo kunezinxushunxushu emabhalekisini nezimpawu isimiso ohlanganyelwe zokuhlala nendawo amakhaya amasha kwaba kuncike esiqinile yomklamo wokwakha.

Ukushintshwa kwalo kwabonisa indlela le embankments, izikwele, ezithuthelayo, izakhiwo zomphakathi, imfundo, ukunakekelwa kwempilo, ezemidlalo, isiko nokungcebeleka.

Khrushchev

Ngesisekelo phambi isakhiwo egcwele indinganiso elinezitezi ezinhlanu efulethini endlini. Kwakungekho ikheshi, futhi noma yini enganikeza umuzwa wenduduzo. Kodwa kwakukhona amakhulu ezincane flat-cubbyholes ahambisana zangasese. Ceiling ukuphakama kuzo kwaba esiphansi ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ngenxa Khrushchev wakwazi ukwenza ngcono izimo zokuphila abasebenzi Soviet, ngubani lihamba ku isakhiwo esisha ezindlini emabhalekisini ngokuhlanganyela.

Sakhiwo esezingeni amabhlogo kufakwe endaweni zokuhlala eziningi izakhiwo ezinhlanu storey futhi umphakathi. Le ndawo yomphakathi kuhlanganisa izikole zamabanga, izinkulisa, izitolo zokuthenga ukudla kanye nezinye izikhungo zomphakathi.